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... data standardisation process is the challenging part of this project where RDF data as a seri- alisation needs to be translated into IFC as a data model. The first step of this process is to ex- tract the information from RDF data that is used to mark up elements in PCD by linking RDF to the tags. We use SPARQL (Sparql Protocol And RDF Query Language) -as the standard query language designed for Semantic Web -to query and pull data from RDF. SPARQL is not lim- ited to the RDF data, and it can also be applied to other data serialisation (DuCharme 2013;Cure & Blin 2014). One of the advantages of SPARQL is that it can be applied to either a single RDF statement or to an RDF graph that is structured from sub-graphs. The query results -in- formation extracted from RDF data -are then used to generate corresponding entities for IFC XML. For example, The RDF statement for a wall consists of an UUID (the tag of the wall in PCD linked to the corresponding RDF data as the subject represented by a URI), location as the property of the wall (predicate represented by an URI), and the value of the property (object represented as a literal or URI). The SPARQL query language is then used to extract the data associated with the wall by querying for the location value (object) which is a point coordi- nate(x,y,z) (Fig. 6). The IFC XML ObjectPlacement entity as a sub-entity of IfcWall or IfcWallStandardCase is then used to locate the wall in the project according to the project origin point (Fig. 7). IfcWallStandardCase entity is used in IFC to represent a wall, including geomet- ric and non-geometric data. The non-geometric data, such as Name, ObjectType, id (identifier), GlobalId as sub-entities for the wall entity, are accordingly appended to the corresponding ele- ment. The same process can be applied to other entities , such as the wall layouts and materials, and other elements like doors and windows and corresponding openings. The final step is to import the generated IFC XML into any BIM software that supports IFC format to map para- metric ...
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