Table 1 - uploaded by Gokmen Tayfur
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The processes of pollutant transport in overland flow are highly
complex, which are impacted by many factors, such as topography, land
cover, soil properties, etc. This study presented a diffusion wave model
with transport rate-based pollutant transport model to numerically
investigate the influences of surface microtopography, roughness, and
infil...
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Modelling of surface roughness evolution in time, as a function of the lubrication condition and other operating parameters (i.e. load, sliding/rolling ratio, and initial roughness of both contacting surfaces) is very important for the understanding and prediction of various surface damage modes, such as surface distress, wear, and scuffing. Moreov...
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Citations
... Slope and roughness are good indicators of an area's capacity to purify surface runoff (He, Tayfur, & Ran 2010) ...
EcoServ-GIS is a Geographical Information Systems (GIS) toolkit for mapping ecosystem services at the county scale, which has been developed for the Wildlife Trusts. The toolkit generates fine scale (10 or 50 m resolution) maps illustrating the requirement for each service as well as the capacity for service provision, using scientifically-based, standardised methods and widely available datasets. It provides users with the facility to overlay these maps to show how well demand and capacity coincide in space, highlighting those natural areas providing high levels of service delivery that should be conserved, as well as those that are most in need of measures aimed at improving single or multiple service delivery. These data can be used over the range of scales at which Wildlife Trusts tend to operate, from assisting decisions on the management of reserves, informing policies, and responding to local planning applications, to aiding the development of large scale projects, such as Living Landscapes, which aim to protect, enhance and connect Britain's wild places. The toolkit has been piloted in the Durham Biodiversity Action Plan (dBAP) area, northeast England. This large region (~3,000 km 2) covers multiple local authorities and a wide range of habitats, providing an ideal landscape for testing the analysis methods. Verison 1 includes tools to map ten different provisioning, regulating and cultural services, including ones that grade greenspace according to the opportunities they provide for enjoying nature and wildlife. Organisations wishing to use the toolkit can do so in partnership with their local Trust and local authority. During 2013 Durham Wildlife Trust will continue to develop EcoServ-GIS, enhancing its capabilities by expanding the range of services it maps, enabling the use of Welsh and Scottish datasets, and testing its application to real world planning and development scenarios. Stage II starts in April. The toolkit has been produced using ArcGIS ModelBuilder and requires ArcGIS version 10+, an ArcInfo level license with the spatial analyst extension. It is designed to work on areas between 500 and 5,000 km 2 in size and requires approximately 4 months of experienced GIS staff time to create all outputs. Individual ecosystem service tools are independent of one another and can be run alone or as part of a multiple service assessment. 2 Durham Wildlife Trust Durham Wildlife Trust's purpose is to protect wildlife and promote nature conservation in County Durham, the City of Sunderland and the Boroughs of Gateshead, South Tyneside and Darlington. The Trust manages nature reserves, delivers conservation projects, and provides education and volunteering opportunities for thousands of children and adults every year. Durham is one of 47 individual Wildlife Trusts covering the whole of the UK and the Isle of Man and Alderney. Together The Wildlife Trusts are the largest UK voluntary organisation dedicated to protecting wildlife and wild places everywhere – at land and sea. Our vision is " an environment rich in wildlife for everyone ". Our objectives are to create a Living Landscape, to secure Living Seas, to inspire people about the natural world and to encourage individual action for wildlife and the environment. About the user guide This guide provides background information on ecosystem service mapping and guidance on the steps needed to install the toolkit, gather the necessary inputs, run the tools, and present and interpret the output. The GIS analysis that the toolkit runs through while developing each map and the rationale behind the choice of these methods are also explained in brief. Please cite this user guide in any published material relating to the use of the toolkit.
