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Exemplary results for AgNOR structure staining on bone marrow smears of selected patients: (a) M2 acute myeloid leukemia (ELN2); (b) M1 acute myeloid leukemia (ELN2); (c) M4 acute myeloid leukemia (ELN3); (d) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Philadelphia+).
Source publication
The evaluation of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) uses a simple method used in research into neoplasm. Bone marrow aspirates from 70 patients with acute leukemia underwent morphological, immunophenotypic, and genetic assessment and were stained with silver nitrate. In leukemic cells, the mean AgNORs number, mean AgNORs area, and m...
Citations
... Nakamura et al., on the other hand, did not find a significant difference in the above index between the quoted leukemia types [25]. Our research showed a statistically higher mean number of AgNOR in the cell nucleus in AML [26]. The discrepancies between the quoted results may be due to the staining method used in our study, the significantly more numerous group of patients with AML (45 people in our study, 16 people in Klobusicka's study), the analysis of acute leukemias without differentiating between adults and children (in the case of Klobusicka's study), or the significantly higher number of blastic cells analyzed (500) (in the case of Nakamura) [23][24][25]. ...
The number of argyrophilic nucleolus organizer regions (AgNOR) is related to the proliferative activity of cells and the degree of neoplastic transformation. The surface area of AgNOR depending on nuclear structure may be a predictor of tumor recurrence, while research into acute leukemias is scarce. The aim of the study was to determine whether the assessment of AgNOR parameters is useful in the differentiation of acute leukemias and, together with cytogenetic changes, would allow for a quick evaluation of the risk group. The AgNOR structures were analyzed in terms of the shape, surface area and distribution in bone marrow blast cells in patients with acute leukemias. We observed significant differences in the AgNOR structures, simple, compound and complex patterns between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complex structures were more numerous in ALL than in AML patients. There were significant differences in the distribution of AgNOR configuration among various cytogenetic AML risk groups. We observed a significant difference in the mean number of AgNOR between ALL-T and ALL-B. We detected diversity in the AgNOR structures and pattern map in AML and ALL. Thus, presentation of a variety of AgNOR configurations is innovative and can be a useful method of differentiating patients with acute leukemia types and cytogenetic risk.
