Figure 1 - uploaded by Tiago Russomanno
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Example of the momentary strengths of both teams during the match between Germany and France, 25 x 25. Note that there are no DMA values for the first and last 3 situations of ball possessions for either team, because the averaging window is of length 4.
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Handball is an Olympic team sport characterized by changes of ball possession, where teams either play on offense or defense. In this paper, we model momentary strength in handball as scoring probabilities based on a double moving average. In this cross-sectional observational study, the aim was to describe the dynamics of momentary strength in han...
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Context 1
... 1 Plotting the course of the DMA for both teams over time did not only reveal the phases of strength and weakness for each team, but also the relationship between the two DMAs over time, which was our operational definition of the interaction between the teams. An example of this interaction is shown in Figure 1 during the match between Germany and France that ended in a tie (25-25). It is possible to observe changes during the match using momentary strength to represent important aspects of the dynamic interaction process between the two teams. ...
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Goalball is a collective Paralympic sport with oppositional characteristics but without invasion by the athletes that, despite requiring great physical condition in offensive and defensive actions, is also identified as a tactical sport, where the administration of technique in the various game situations determines success in competition. The obje...
Citations
... The study conducted by Russomanno et al. (2021) in handball is most similar to the current one. Russomanno et al. (2021) classified the momentary strength (DMA) of all twenty-four teams into ten bins and compared the distribution in each bin. ...
... The study conducted by Russomanno et al. (2021) in handball is most similar to the current one. Russomanno et al. (2021) classified the momentary strength (DMA) of all twenty-four teams into ten bins and compared the distribution in each bin. Significant differences were found in eight bins, with all twenty-four teams hitting the lowest bin and eighteen rising to the highest, irrespective of their final position. ...
This study aimed to assess within-match performance fluctuations in table tennis by utilising a dynamic performance indicator, a tailored version of a double moving average. This performance indicator applied to the sequence of wins and losses per rally, modelled a player’s momentary point-winning probability or playing strength. Binomial distribution and Monte Carlo simulations were employed to obtain the expected distributions of double moving averages and their kurtosis. A total of two hundred and eleven single matches from the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games were examined to characterise the extent of empirical fluctuations and to test for deviations from the expected fluctuations. Results showed that there were large within-match fluctuations (average IQR per match = 0.27). In addition, only one out of the two hundred and eleven matches exhibited a significant deviation from the stochastically expected double moving average distribution. This deviation was observed in the kurtosis of sixteen matches (7.6%). These findings underline the importance of considering within-match dynamic changes when conducting theoretical or practical performance analyses. This consideration should also extend to other performance indicators and various sports games.
... (Fathalla et al., 2023) Observasional Study Joint Angle (Müller et al., 2022) Observasional Study Distance traveled, velocity, and changes in direction. (Lijewski et al., 2021) Observasional Study Segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (SBIA)/Angle (Wilczyński et al., 2022) Non RCT Trial Postural stability and angle (Russomanno et al., 2021) Observasional Study Movement (Guignard et al., 2022) Observasional Study Movement (van den Tillaar et al., 2021) Non RCT Trial Handball throws and predict ball velocity, offering a practical and automated method for quantifying throw counts and classifying approach and throw types. Observasional Study Movement patterns and physical demands during an official competition. ...
... Due to its comparatively quick mastery based on natural human movements, handball has become very popular very quickly (Śliż et al., 2022). In order to enhance technical processes during games and minimise injuries, the sport mandates that players follow particular physical training regimens depending on their position and level on the pitch (Russomanno et al., 2021). Handball is a dynamic and difficult sport that integrates motor skills, physical conditioning, and strategic decision-making. ...
Objectives. The study aimed to examine the use of biomechanical analysis in handball technique. Materials and methods. This review study followed the PRISMA standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.The study had to be published within the period of 2018 to 2023. The search procedure involved using the keywords (1)handball and (2) biomechanics. Scopus search engine was used in the study. Results. The search results on the database yielded 115 articles, which were adjusted according to the criteria into 11 articles. Conclusion. Biomechanical analysis that can be applied to handball techniques includes such aspects: distance travelled, speed, change of direction, joint angle, postural stability, movement pattern, and injury localization.
... Counterattacks, shots from the 6-m line (close throws), and goalkeeper involvement are the performance indicators that appear most frequently in the studies reviewed (Cabrera Quercini et al., 2022). New forms of analysis have recently been introduced (Russomanno et al., 2021). These are mainly based on systematic observation and are called semiotic analysis in the field of sports science (Anguera and Hernández Mendo, 2013). ...
In modern handball, one of the important performance indicators is the effectiveness of the attack, especially the running-in of wingers as line players which has not been explored adequately. The purpose of the study was to analyze the movements of wingers in the organized attack when they run in. Fifty-eight matches were analyzed from the 2022 EHF European Men’s Handball Championship. A total of 491 attacks were recorded and 45 variables were analyzed in which wingers ran in as second pivots and the outcome was a throw. For the statistical analysis, descriptive and inductive statistics were used. The results showed that the average time of the running-in was 12.11 ± 9.28 s, the left wing ran in more often (60.1%) and wingers tended to move outside the defense formation (72.5%). Wingers ran in without the ball in possession (81.1%), moved toward defenders 2 and 5 and stood next to defenders, and occasionally blocked, slid or left their position. The defense’s central zone was preferred by players to make a throw. Correspondence analysis showed that wingers finally returned to their initial position regardless of the evolution of the attack. Their role was to block a specific defender or disorganize the defense, for one defender to be isolated so that one attacking player could execute a shot from the central area. Conclusively, wingers play an important role, especially in run-in actions, at the completion of an attack, and in the final throw.
... In handball, for example, numerous variables have been used in different studies aimed at determining performance indicators that influence the final results of competitions (Antúnez et al., 2013;Gómez et al., 2014;Skarbalius et al., 2013;Vuleta et al., 2012). It should be stressed that the identification of these performance indicators in team sports is quite complex because of the speed of the game, constant changes of ball possession and phases of the game, the oppositional component and the difficulty of measuring the heterogeneity of elements that interact to achieve sporting success (Daza et al., 2017;Milanović et al., 2018;Russomanno et al., 2021). ...
The aim of this study was to carry out a descriptive analysis of the main performance variables of national teams that competed in the Men's (Germany-Denmark 2019) and Women's (Germany 2017) senior handball World Cups, and to compare the spatial offensive performance indices of laterality and depth according to the gender of players, considering for this purpose the total number of throws made according to the finishing area. A documentary study was carried out based on the total number of throws made in 192 male and 154 female games of 48 national teams belonging to 33 countries, which participated in previous World Cups. The data were collected from the International Handball Federation (IHF) statistics. The results showed that the areas from which the highest number of shots were taken in both World Cups were the central and shallow areas of the field. Several gender differences were observed. More specifically, male teams made much more attempts from the left side area than female teams (data), who finished from the right side (data). The depth index reflected that, although the dominant execution by gender was from deep offensive zones, men's teams finished more often from the 1st offensive line, while female teams finished from the 2nd offensive line. This information will be useful for coaches in designing training tasks and for players in improving decision making.
... Shooting with a jump above the DEEP STABILIZATION SYSTEM TRAINING IN HANDBALL | P. ŠAGÁT ET AL. goal area is usually used when ending counterattacks and quick attacks on the opponent's unformed defense. Shooting with a jump above the goal area is most often used by players in the wings position or players in the backcourt position after penetrations of the defense and has the highest percentage of success of all in a gradual attack against the formed defense (Hammami et al. 2021, Martínez-Rodríguez et al., 2021, Risberg et al., 2018, Russomanno et al., 2021, Zmijewski et al., 2020 One of the essential prerequisites for a successful shot is its high speed, increasing of which can improve the overall team results. Shot speed can be increased by many factors. ...
The muscles of the deep stabilization system (DSS) affect spinal stabilization and correct muscular coordination as a prerequisite for a centered position of the joints with optimal biomechanics of movement. Its stimulation by special exercises might lead to better performance in sports. The study verifies the effect of an 8-week intervention to activate DSS on the shot speed in a group of 15 adult elite female handball players. 30 participants were distributed to either the Control group (CG) or the Experimental group (EG). The EG involved special blocks with exercises activating DSS included in regular handball training. The CG involved only casual training. Input and output measurements included shot velocity assessment from various positions with a Stalker Sports Radar Gun. Mann-Whitney U-test was utilized for the statistical analysis with a 0.05 level of significance. The experiment showed a significant speed increase for all three tested throws. Speed increased by 3.82% for a one-handed overhead shot from the ground from a distance of 7m (free throw), 2.23% for a one-handed overhead shot from the ground after a run-up from a distance of 9m, and 2.23% for a one-handed overhead shot from a jump from a distance of 9 m by 2.38%. Specific activation exercises of DSS of the spine led to increased shot speed in handball.
... En relación con la evolución del resultado a lo largo del tiempo de juego diferentes trabajos han utilizado el estudio de las series temporales para analizar tendencias y puntos de inflexión, así como eventos clave que pueden desencadenar cambios relevantes en las secuencias de éxitos y fracasos durante el juego (Hughes, Bürger, Hughes, Murray, & James, 2013;Mortimer & Burt, 2014). En este sentido, Russomanno et al. (2021), utilizando la técnica de doble media móvil (DMA), describieron la fuerza de las dinámicas favorables en función del tiempo de juego de las selecciones que participaron en el Campeonato del Mundo 2019 balonmano y su relación con la clasificación final de los equipos en el torneo. ...
Objetivos: Clasificar los partidos según su grado de igualdad en el resultado parcial a lo largo del tiempo de juego y analizar el comportamiento ofensivo de ganadores y perdedores para los grupos establecidos. Método: A partir de las estadísticas oficiales de la competición se obtuvieron un total de 4783 acciones de finalización en los 38 partidos del torneo masculino. Se realizó la agrupación de series temporales con el algoritmo “dynamic time warping”. Resultados: A partir del análisis de clúster todos los partidos se agruparon según cuatro tipos: muy equilibrados (n=8) 21%, equilibrados (n=12) 32%, poco equilibrados (n=16) 42% y desequilibrados (n=2) 5%. En los dos primeros tipos no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la eficacia del ataque entre ganadores y perdedores, al contrario de lo que sucedió en los partidos poco equilibrados (p<0,01). En los partidos poco equilibrados hubo diferencias en el número de goles entre ganadores y perdedores al principio del partido, 1’-5’ (p<0,01); mientras que en los partidos equilibrados fue entre el minuto 41’ y 50’ (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Se constató que pocos partidos presentaron resultados equilibrados durante todo el tiempo de juego y fueron muy escasas las variaciones en la diferencia en el marcador en los momentos finales.
... Mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, en la que se asumieron diferencias significativas a partir de p<.05. Se empleó la prueba no paramétrica (Friedman Test) y el Test de Wilcoxon (Russomanno et al., 2021) enriquecido por la corrección de Bonferroni (Dunn, 1961). ...
La Educación Física está tendiendo hacia una visión sistémica de la conducta motriz. Consecuentemente, surge la necesidad de realizar intervenciones significativas basadas en la educación de las conductas motrices. Se ha diseñado e implementado una propuesta innovadora centrada en el desarrollo de una estrategia deportiva multidimensional para el baloncesto. En la investigación participan 50 alumnos de primero de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Los resultados indican que la dimensión afectiva y orgánica está al servicio de la toma de decisiones y la lógica interna del deporte. Concretamente, ofrecer al alumnado un proceso evaluativo genera de forma explícita la incorporación y mejora de las dimensiones de la conducta motriz. Además, los datos alcanzan la máxima puntuación después de la reflexión en acción.
... En relación con la evolución del resultado a lo largo del tiempo de juego diferentes trabajos han utilizado el estudio de las series temporales para analizar tendencias y puntos de inflexión, así como eventos clave que pueden desencadenar cambios relevantes en las secuencias de éxitos y fracasos durante el juego (Hughes, Bürger, Hughes, Murray, & James, 2013;Mortimer & Burt, 2014). En este sentido, Russomanno et al. (2021), utilizando la técnica de doble media móvil (DMA), describieron la fuerza de las dinámicas favorables en función del tiempo de juego de las selecciones que participaron en el Campeonato del Mundo 2019 balonmano y su relación con la clasificación final de los equipos en el torneo. ...
Objetivos: Clasificar los partidos según su grado de igualdad en el resultado parcial a lo largo del tiempo de juego y analizar el comportamiento ofensivo de ganadores y perdedores para los grupos establecidos. Método: A partir de las estadísticas oficiales de la competición se obtuvieron un total de 4783 acciones de finalización en los 38 partidos del torneo masculino. Se realizó la agrupación de series temporales con el algoritmo “dynamic time warping”. Resultados: A partir del análisis de clúster todos los partidos se agruparon según cuatro tipos: muy equilibrados (n=8) 21%, equilibrados (n=12) 32%, poco equilibrados (n=16) 42% y desequilibrados (n=2) 5%. En los dos primeros tipos no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la eficacia del ataque entre ganadores y perdedores, al contrario de lo que sucedió en los partidos poco equilibrados (p<0,01). En los partidos poco equilibrados hubo diferencias en el número de goles entre ganadores y perdedores al principio del partido, 1’-5’ (p<0,01); mientras que en los partidos equilibrados fue entre el minuto 41’ y 50’ (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Se constató que pocos partidos presentaron resultados equilibrados durante todo el tiempo de juego y fueron muy escasas las variaciones en la diferencia en el marcador en los momentos finales.
... Differently, the dynamic approach pays more attention to game context (Prieto, et al., 2015), studying some elements that decisively condition actions such as systems of play (Lozano, Camerino, & Hileno, 2016), players on the court at a particular time (Flores & Anguera, 2018) or the result and playing time. Behaviours of players are also studied in chronological order to ascertain changes in game dynamics during a match (Lames, 2006;Lames & McGarry, 2007;Russomanno, et al., 2021). Research conducted according to the dynamic approach has used different tools: sequential analysis, polar coordinates analysis, probabilistic analysis and even neural networks. ...
... However, the picture was diff erent when analysing each match individually: main attacks were activated from the right in the preliminary round matches, Netherlands-Serbia and Netherlands-Norway; from the centre in the main round match Netherlands-Denmark and the semi-fi nal Netherlands-Russia; while main attacks were activated from the left in the fi nal Netherlands-Spain. These results prove that each match had its own play dynamics, in line with the fi ndings of Lames (2006) and Russomanno et al. (2021). ...
The primary objective of this study was to discover the positional attack performance indicators of the winning Netherlands women’s national handball team during the 2019 World Championship in Japan. An ideographic, follow-up and multidimensional observational design was used to record and analyse positional attacks disputed in equal numbers of players (6v6) excluding attacks with an empty goal. Polar coordinates allowed us to determine behaviour patterns as well as performance indicators related to attack continuity, situations used to destabilise the opponent defence, and actions involved in completing the attack. Two levels of analysis were used: each match individually and all the team’s matches as a whole. Results show that each match had its own specific game dynamics as different behaviour patterns were activated and different performance indicators were observed depending on the match. These findings highlight the variability and dynamic nature of the offensive behaviours and performance indicators of the world champion team, emphasising the need to study performance indicators with research projects that respect that they are specific and changing.
Theoretical performance analysis (TPA) and practical performance analysis (PPA) were introduced as “sub-disciplines” of performance analysis in the first chapter. This distinction constitutes a basic concept of performance analysis as a scientific subject. TPA has become a very productive scientific discipline along with the increasing amount of data available on sports competitions. A classification of approaches in TPA may distinguish three “schools” that have evolved, the “stats” school, the modelling approach, and the dynamical systems school, each with a specific set of preferred methods. A commonality of all these approaches is that they are in principle employing designs of basic research, that is, the aim is to establish general (statistical) laws or adequate models for a better understanding of the phenomena. This chapter has three sections dealing with general problems and aims of the basic approaches of TPA: statistical approaches with performance profiles and studies on influencing or contextual factors, modelling approaches, which are divided in direct models for sports phenomena (ball possession, playing style etc.) and models imported from other fields like social network analysis or stochastical models, and, finally, dynamical systems theories with complex systems theory/synergetics and ecological psychology. These three basic areas are treated more in depth trying to give a systematics of topics they are dealing with, focusing on specific concepts and methods.
