Estimation of voxel count. Voxel count derived from 3D point cloud represents overall volume 370 of developing panicle. (A) Average voxel counts from all genotypes for a respective treatment (control and 371 HNT) and time-point (week 1, 2, and 3) is shown. Box plot represents range, median and mean (red triangle) 372 for the same. Means connected with similar letter are not significantly different from each other (Student's 373 t-test; p < 0.1). (B) Hierarchical clustering analysis of genotypes based on their voxel count in control 374 conditions. (C) Voxel count for individual genotypes corresponding to cluster I-IV. Y-axis represent voxel 375 count, x-axis indicate time-point (week 1, 2, and 3). C: control, HNT: high night temperature. Box plot 376 represents range, median and mean (red triangle) for the same. Means connected with similar letter are not 377 significantly different from each other (Student's t-test; p < 0.1). 378 379

Estimation of voxel count. Voxel count derived from 3D point cloud represents overall volume 370 of developing panicle. (A) Average voxel counts from all genotypes for a respective treatment (control and 371 HNT) and time-point (week 1, 2, and 3) is shown. Box plot represents range, median and mean (red triangle) 372 for the same. Means connected with similar letter are not significantly different from each other (Student's 373 t-test; p < 0.1). (B) Hierarchical clustering analysis of genotypes based on their voxel count in control 374 conditions. (C) Voxel count for individual genotypes corresponding to cluster I-IV. Y-axis represent voxel 375 count, x-axis indicate time-point (week 1, 2, and 3). C: control, HNT: high night temperature. Box plot 376 represents range, median and mean (red triangle) for the same. Means connected with similar letter are not 377 significantly different from each other (Student's t-test; p < 0.1). 378 379

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Background Recent advances in image-based plant phenotyping have improved our capability to study vegetative stage growth dynamics. However, more complex agronomic traits such as inflorescence architecture (IA), which predominantly contributes to grain crop yield are more challenging to quantify and hence are relatively less explored. Previous effo...

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... W3 were significantly higher than the one at W1, while no significant difference was observed between 353 W2 and W3 ( Figure 3A). These results indicate that substantial gain in overall seed volume occurs before 354 ...
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... These differences dissipated at W2 and W3, as no significant differences between control and HNT 356 treated plants were observed ( Figure 3A). 357 ...
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... we evaluated the weekly voxel count for individual genotypes grown under control and HNT 358 stress conditions ( Figure 3B and C). We performed hierarchical clustering based on voxel count for control 359 condition panicles ( Figure 3B). ...
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... we evaluated the weekly voxel count for individual genotypes grown under control and HNT 358 stress conditions ( Figure 3B and C). We performed hierarchical clustering based on voxel count for control 359 condition panicles ( Figure 3B). The analyses grouped 11 genotypes into four distinct clusters ( Figure 3B 360 and D).). ...
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... performed hierarchical clustering based on voxel count for control 359 condition panicles ( Figure 3B). The analyses grouped 11 genotypes into four distinct clusters ( Figure 3B 360 and D).). Cluster I was comprised of 301341, 301052, and 301220, cluster II: 301183, 301105, 301278, 361 301279, and 301221, cluster III: 301260 and 301262, and, while cluster IV constituted only one genotype, 362 301261 ( Figure 3C). ...
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... analyses grouped 11 genotypes into four distinct clusters ( Figure 3B 360 and D).). Cluster I was comprised of 301341, 301052, and 301220, cluster II: 301183, 301105, 301278, 361 301279, and 301221, cluster III: 301260 and 301262, and, while cluster IV constituted only one genotype, 362 301261 ( Figure 3C). Interestingly, the 4/5 genotypes in Cluster II (301183, 301105, 301221, 301279) 363 showed a significant gain in voxel count between W1 and W2 ( Figure 3C significantly different from each other (Student's t-test; p < 0.1). ...
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... I was comprised of 301341, 301052, and 301220, cluster II: 301183, 301105, 301278, 361 301279, and 301221, cluster III: 301260 and 301262, and, while cluster IV constituted only one genotype, 362 301261 ( Figure 3C). Interestingly, the 4/5 genotypes in Cluster II (301183, 301105, 301221, 301279) 363 showed a significant gain in voxel count between W1 and W2 ( Figure 3C significantly different from each other (Student's t-test; p < 0.1). ...
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... 445 context of panicle development, it accounts for rate of grain-filling. Significant gain in the voxel count was 446 achieved by W2 suggesting that substantial seed volume is attained by week 2 (Figure 3). This observation 447 holds true for 4/11 genotypes, while the other seven genotypes do not show such any significant difference 448 between W1, W2, and W3. ...
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... possible explanation could be that these genotypes might have accelerated 449 increase in panicle volume and/or seed weight by W1; thus, exhibiting incremental changes during the 450 subsequent two weeks. We observed higher voxel count for HNT treated plants compared to control plants 451 at W1 ( Figure 3A). Surprisingly, these differences dissipated at W2 and W3, and no significant difference 452 was observed at maturity. ...

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Article
Full-text available
Background: Recent advances in image-based plant phenotyping have improved our capability to study vegetative stage growth dynamics. However, more complex agronomic traits such as inflorescence architecture (IA), which predominantly contributes to grain crop yield are more challenging to quantify and hence are relatively less explored. Previous ef...