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On-Road Emissions produced from conventional vehicles’ for the Case of Palestine in 2018 are investigated in this paper. The paper introduces a brief description of the vehicle’s emissions produced during the on-road driving operation, and provides methods to compute the quantities of pollutants by taking into account the number of registered vehic...
Citations
... Based on the average annual traveled kilometers of taxis in Palestine (73, taxi) [34] and the average diesel consumption rate of 9.9 (L\100 Km) (8], the an consumption of a diesel taxi in 2021 was determined (7256.7 L). Next, by using diesel price in 2021 (1.55 USD\L) [35], the annual total diesel cost per taxi was d as shown in Table 2. ...
... Likewise, based on the average annual traveled kilometers by taxis i (73,300 km per taxi) [34] and the average hydrogen consumption rate of 0.87 Km), the annual hydrogen consumption of a hydrogen fuel cell taxi in determined (642.1 Kg). Next, using the average hydrogen price in 2021 (7.78 [36], the annual total hydrogen cost per taxi was determined, as shown in T worth mentioning that the hydrogen consumption rate that was used in this s average of three values: the actual average consumption rate of hydrogen fue cars tested in China [37], a comprehensive study conducted by Zemo [38 consumption rate of the Hyundai Nexo passenger car [39], which is very pop category. ...
... Based on the average annual traveled kilometers of taxis in Palestine (73,300 km per taxi) [34] and the average diesel consumption rate of 9.9 (L\100 Km) (8], the annual diesel consumption of a diesel taxi in 2021 was determined (7256.7 L). Next, by using the average diesel price in 2021 (1.55 USD\L) [35], the annual total diesel cost per taxi was determined, as shown in Table 2. Likewise, based on the average annual traveled kilometers by taxis in Palestine (73,300 km per taxi) [34] and the average hydrogen consumption rate of 0.876 (Kg\100 Km), the annual hydrogen consumption of a hydrogen fuel cell taxi in 2021 was determined (642.1 Kg). ...
Recently, major problems related to fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have arisen in the transportation sector. Therefore, developing transportation modes powered by alternative fuels has become one of the main targets for car manufacturers and governments around the world. This study aimed to investigate the economic prospects of using hydrogen fuel cell technology in taxi fleets in Westbank. For this purpose, a model that could predict the number of taxis was developed, and the expected economic implications of using hydrogen fuel cell technology in taxi fleets were determined based on the expected future fuel consumption and future fuel cost. After analysis of the results, it was concluded that a slight annual increase in the number of taxis in Palestine is expected in the future, due to the government restrictions on issuing new taxi permits in order to get this sector organized. Furthermore, using hydrogen fuel cells in taxi fleets is expected to become more and more feasible over time due to the expected future increase in oil price and the expected significant reduction in hydrogen cost as a result of the new technologies that are expected to be used in the production and handling of hydrogen.
Urban transportation is considered one of the main sources of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, there has been an essential need to develop a sustainable transportation system that could mitigate the environmental impacts by using high-capacity transportations modes, such as public buses. This study has aimed to assess the expected sustainability of the public bus sector in Westbank, Palestine, in case of developing this sector and increasing the number of buses to meet the minimum global requirements (number of buses/1000 population), by developing prediction models for number of buses and passenger cars. Then, the expected reduction in total travelled kilometers by passenger cars has been quantified. After that, the expected reduction in GHG emissions has been determined and the effects on traffic congestion have been investigated. After analyzing the results, the study has concluded that the public bus transport sector in Palestine suffers from the lack of number of buses compared to the number of population, with a value of 0.38 bus/1000 population, which is considered one of the lowest values among the world’s countries. Moreover, by increasing the number of buses to meet the minimum global requirement, there has been a significant expected reduction in CO2 emissions (94,628.56 ton) compared to the total CO2 emissions from other sectors in Palestine, and there has been an expected reduction in traffic congestion up to 5.84 %.
