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Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) was applied to analyze the genetic variation among Osteochilus vittatus collected from three geographically distant location of West Sumatra Province. After initial PCR screening, four random oligodecamers viz OPA 07, OPA 09, OPA11 and OPA 18 which generated the RAPD profile for...
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... This kind of study is required to provide data that can appropriately guide policy-makers on the development of management and conservation strategies toward the utilization of fish genetic resources (22). There have been few reports on the use of molecular methods to investigate genetic diversity among freshwater fish species in Nigeria (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). ...
Cichlids are among the economically important which serve as a source of food for people around the world. A deep understanding of the population structure and genetic diversity of cichlids are vital for initiation of conservation policies and sustainable aquaculture. There is paucity of information on the patterns of genetic variations among and within cichlids in North-central Nigeria. This study, therefore, investigated population genetic structure of Coptodon zillii, Oreochromis niloticus, and Hemichromis fasciatus collected from different freshwater bodies in North-central Nigeria. Genomic DNA was extracted, and five highly polymorphic RAPD primers were used for RAPD-PCR amplification and genotyping of the fish. Genetic polymorphism within and between the three tilapia species were examined. Percentages of polymorphism loci, pairwise population matrix, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and genetic distances of cichlid populations were determined using standard methods, and dendrograms were constructed using an un-weighted pair group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Overall, percentages of estimated molecular variance within and among C. zillii, H. fasciatus and O. niloticus populations were 5% and 95%; 4% and 96% and 13% and 87%, respectively. Our results suggest that the three cichlids have close evolutionary relationship and there were no distinct genetic differences on the basis on sampling locations. C. zillii and H. fasciatus are more genetically closer than O. niloticus. This study concludes that RAPD is useful in studying the population genetic structure of cichlids. This study therefore recommends conservation of genetic pool of cichlid species through proper maintenance and restoration of polluted habitat to guarantee sustainable fishery production. However, markers such as microsatellite DNA can be assayed in further studies for better results.
... Asang fish is a freshwater fish that are often discovered in rivers, lakes, or reservoirs, which have a strategic value, as a source of food and income for the rural community and can be cultivated. (Azrita et al., 2014). Furthermore, the species has significant economic value because it is relatively cheap in price and the citizen often like it. ...
... Furthermore, the species has significant economic value because it is relatively cheap in price and the citizen often like it. In West Sumatra, the selling price ranges from IDR 25,000 per kg (Azrita et al., 2014). Subsequently, the seeds of this species are obtained from wild catches in nature, and therefore the domestication of these fish is needed to avoid extinction. ...
The purpose of this study was to determine the addition of probiotics in commercial feed to the growth and survival of Asang fish (Osteochilus vittatus CV) fry. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The test fish used were 120 fish with a size ranging from 5-8 cm. The test fish were kept in a waring cage made of a type of paralon frame with a size of 40 x 40 x 45 cm. The treatment in this study was A (without probiotics), treatment B (addition of probiotic 10 ml/kg of feed), treatment C (addition of probiotic 20 ml/kg of feed), and treatment D (addition of probiotics 30 ml/kg of feed). From the results of this study, the highest specific growth rate was found in treatment D (6.66 ± 1.15 g), while the mean survival was 100% for all treatments. The highest FCR of fish fry was found in treatment A namely 1.43 ± 0.22, and the lowest in treatment D namely 1.12 ± 0.21, and for feed efficiency in treatment D, namely 95.24 ± 1.04 %.
Keywords:
Asang fish
Efficiency
Growth
Survival
... Nilem fish, national scale production, is still not able to fulfil national needs. Various researches related to Nilem fish were carried out in order to increase this aspect of fish production, one of which is the aspect of growth through stocking density (Herawati et al., 2019), nutrition (Setyaningrum et al., 2017;Syandri et al., 2017) reproduction aspects such as Nilem fish fecundity (Netti Aryani & Mardiah, 2017), Nilem fish spawning (Muchlisin, 2014), polyploidization (Eriani et al., 2017), gynogenesis (Zulhardi et al., 2016) and genetic variety (Azrita, Hafrijal Syandri, J. et al., 2014). Optimal growth of Nilem fish is determined by stocking density support growth, i.e. 100 fish/m2 (Herawati et al., 2019). ...
Background: Gonad differentiation in some teleostei is a critical phase of gonad development. Gonad differentiation in some fish such as the tilapia group is influenced by environmental factors, namely temperature. The aim of this study was to determine the differentiation process of Nilem fish gonads (Osteochilus vittatus) under the influence of temperature. Methods: One day after fertilization (days postfertilization/dpf) fish were exposed to different medium temperature ranges, namely: 28-29 oC, 30-31 oC, 32-33 oC, and room temperature as a control for 35 days. The percentage of fish survival was calculated on the 35th day by calculating the number of surviving fish divided by the total number of fish in 1 tank times 100%. Thirty fish in each treatment were measured for body length at day 10 dpf and day 35 dpf to determine fish growth. Six fish 35 dpf from each treatment were fixed in 70% alcohol for making histological preparations using the paraffin method, Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. Fish survival data growth data in the form of fish length were analyzed using Anova. Gonadal differentiation data were analyzed descriptively. Results: There was no significant difference in the growth of fish in all treatment and control groups. The average survival rate of fish in all treatment and control groups was 100%. Observation of the gonads showed that the gonads were not differentiated in all treatment and control groups. Conclusion: The room temperature range up to 33 oC supports the growth of Nilem fish with gonad development in the indifferent gonad stage.
... Setiawan et al. (2017) menemukan erosi di sekitar perairan Waduk Benanga disebabkan oleh faktor pengelolaan lahan pertanian, pembukaan lahan pertam-bangan batubara dan peningkatan kebutuhan infrastruktur. Kjelland et al. (2015) Putri et al. 2015;Syandri et al. 2015;Rostika et al. 2017), aspek kebiasaan makan (Muryanto & Sumarno 2014) dan aspek morfologi (Azrita et al. 2014 ...
Bonylip barb (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) that belongs to the Cyprinidae family is one of the native freshwater fishes in Indonesian waters. Currently, status of this species in Benanga Reservoir, East Kalimantan is in over-exploited. Fish resources management, therefore, is needed to maintained fish stock in the reservoir based on fish
reproductive biology aspects. The purpose of this study was to analyze some aspects of the reproductive biology including sex-ratio, gonad maturity, length at first gonad maturity, spawning season, fecundity, and spawning patterns as basic information for its management. Fish collection was carried out monthly on the third week from January to
May 2019 at three stations. The fish samples were captured by using experimental gill nets with mesh size of 1; 1.5; 2; and 3 inches. A total of 278 bonylip barb was caught, consist of 92 males and 186 females. Sex ratio of male and female in the gonad mature stage was 1: 2.4. The average length at first gonad maturity in male and female were 136.08 mm and 137.38 mm, respectively. Peak of spawning occurs during the rainy season in May, with more than 90% of fish in mature stage with GSI in male and female were 6.88%, 13.16% respectively. Total fecundity ranged from 7312-22923 eggs individual-1 and egg diameter ranged from 0.6-1.94 mm. According to distribution of egg diameter, bonylip barb was categoried as a total spawner. Some management strategies that can be carried out are using fishing gears with mesh size above 2 inches, limiting fishing activities in the peak of the spawning season, prohibiting fishing gear using electric shocker and protection the reservoir from erosion.
Keywords: fecundity, bonylip barb, gonad maturity, sex ratio, spawning tipe
... Kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan memerlukan informasi ilmiah sebagai dasar pertimbangan pengelolaan, salah satunya adalah informasi tentang hubungan panjang-bobot, pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi ikan. Beberapa penelitian terkait biologi ikan nilem diluar perairan Kalimantan telah dilakukan, seperti aspek kebiasaan makan (Muryanto dan Sumarno, 2013); aspek genetik (Azrita et al., 2014) dan aspek reproduksi (Syandri et al., 2015;Putri et al., 2015;Rostika et al., 2017). ...
Biology of bonylip barb (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) in Benanga Reservoir, East Kalimantan is not yet known. The purpose of this study was to analyze distribution of the length and body weight of fishes, sex ratio, gonad maturity level, length-body weight relationship, and condition factor. In total 278 fishes samples were collected during the five months, from January to May 2019 with a purposive sampling method at Benanga Reservoir, and gill net with mesh size 0.5; 1; and 1.5 inches used. The results of this research showed that the total length of the fishes analyzed ranged from 72.21–196.57 mm and body weight ranged from 5.12–89.21 g. The sex ratio of male and female were 1:2.02. The male and female fishes were dominated by mature gonad. The length-body weight relationship models calculated for the total fishes sample was W=1x10-5L2.967 (r=0.988) for males, W=5x10-6L3.199 (r=0.989) for females and W=7x10-6L3.126 (r=0.987) for both sexes. Isometric growth patterns (b=3) were observed in males, meanwhile positive allometric growth patterns (b>3) were observed in females and both sexes. Calculation of the condition factor (K) resulted in 1.181±0.117 for males, 0.949±0.094 for females, and 1.026±0.150 for all specimens. The condition factors of bonylip barb from the Benanga Reservoir inside the range recommended as suitable for freshwater fish species in the tropical regions.
... Research have indicated that stock with lower or decreasing genetic variability along the generations can induce endogamy, reduce the adaptability, progenies survivorship (LOPERA-BARRERO et al., 2010a;POVH et al., 2008b), and losses of the genetic potential (MOREIRA et al., 2007). The dominant molecular markers are methods useful in the analysis of the genetic variability of progenitor stocks, progenies and wild fish populations (POVH et al., 2008bLOPES et al., 2009;JACOMETO et al., 2010;LOPERA-BARRERO et al., 2010b;AZRITA et al., 2014;BHAT et al., 2014;LOPERA-BARRERO et al., 2014). ...
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética de três estoques de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Foram utilizados oito iniciadores para analisar 67 indivíduos, coletados de três pisciculturas nos municípios: Porto Real do Colégio – Alagoas (PRC), Araujo 1 – Sergipe (AR1) e Araujo 2 – Sergipe (AR2), Brasil. Foram encontradas diferenças nas frequências de 88 fragmentos, com quatro fragmentos exclusivos em PRC. Observaram-se altos valores de polimorfismo (54,38 a 64,38%) e índice de Shannon (0,33 a 0,37). A AMOVA mostrou que a maior variação está dentro de cada estoque. A identidade e a distância genética entre os agrupamentos variou de 0,845 a 0,975 e 0,025 a 0,156, respectivamente, com menor distância entre os agrupamentos PRC x AR1 e PRC x AR2. A diferenciação genética variou de baixa a alta (Fst = 0,03 a 0,178) e o número de migrantes por geração foi baixo a alto (Nm = 5,07 a 12,8). De forma geral, os estoques apresentam alta variabilidade intrapopulacional e alta diferenciação e distância genética entre si.
... For that the genetic quality improvement efforts fish need to know the level of genetic diversity of O.gouramy from each strain were reared by farmers. Measurement of fish genetic diversity can be done based on DNA [3,13,14] and phenotypic characters [10,15,16,17,18,19,20,21] as a form of interaction with the environment [22] caused by environmental factors can affect the morphology and genetic structure of fish [23] . Hence, it is necessary to use an effective method for morphological differentiation of among five strains of O. gourami. ...
... Type of data analysis that is suitable for the analysis of this data is deskriminan (Clyton and Mac Crimmon, 1987 in [13] . Schaeffer [26] adds deskriminan analysis is a process to distinguish between two or more groups identified which is a statistical analysis technique that is most appropriate to separate two or more groups that had previously been known. ...
Research morphological characters among five strains of O. gouramy aim to know the morphometric characters and relation between strains. Morphometric measurements performed using a truss morphometric system. Sixteen morphometric measurements were made for each individual, data collection is correct by allometric equation for body size different and using Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). Univariate analysis of variance (One Way Anova) was used to compare the variation among samples for truss measurements. And to know the main differentiating factor of morphological characters used Principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis showed value percentage difference morphological between Tambago strain with Palapah strain amounted 6.25% ie posterior end of dorsal fin to end of anal fin character and centroid close to each other, incorporated in the same plot. While the Merah strain and Krista strain forming a separate plot but intersect with differences in morphology amounted 37.50% ie origin of dorsal fin to origin of pelvic fin, Snout to origin of pelvic fin, snout to origin of dorsal fin, posterior end of dorsal fin to end of anal fin, origin of pelvic fin to posterior end of dorsal fin and End of anal fin to dorsal attachment of the caudal fin. The main differentiator between the strains that the character origin of dorsal fin to end of anal fin.
... Morphometric character of O. vittatus population of Koto Panjang Reservoir is best to the population of Singkarak Lake and the Antokan River [3] . The best gene diversity of O. vittatus from Koto Panjang Reservoir population with a value of 0.1512, then Singkarak Lake population with a value of 0.1250 and Antokan River population with a value of 0.0431 [27] . The same condition is also found in Channa lucius from Kampar River floodplain Riau Province with gene diversity 0.3668 and fecundity 2,539±716 grains/individual, Lake Singkarak West Sumatra Province gene diversity with value 0.2186 and fecundity 1,996±568, Tanjung Jabung Timur floodplain Jambi Province gene diversity with value 0.3449 and fecundity 2,196±866 [28] . ...
Fecundity and egg diameter of O. vittatus are part the reproductive aspects of fish and very important to know. This information can be used to predict recruitment and recovery of O. vittatus stocks in order to domestication and culture. The study was conducted from February to July 2014 in Singkarak Lake, Antokan River and Koto Panjang Reservoir. The number of observed samples are 50 individuals of female fish with the level of maturity of the gonad III and IV from each habitat. Total fecundity of O. vittatus from Singkarak Lake were 11,711±4,576 granules/individuals with egg diameter ranged from 0.80 to 0.99 mm, Antokan River were 6,378±3,344 granules/individuals with egg diameter ranged from 0.78 to 0.93 mm and Koto Panjang Reservoir were 14,824±2,397 granules/individuals with egg diameter ranged from 0.90 sampai 1.15 mm. Conclusion fecundity and eggs diameter was significantly (p<0.05) between habitats.
Keywords: O. vittatus, fecundity, eggs diameter, habitats
... vittatus, Cyprinidae) is a freshwater fishery commodities native to Indonesia [1,2]. This species live in Singkarak Lake, Maninjau Lake and Koto Panjang Reservoir West Sumatra Province [3][4][5], have a strategic value that is (a) as a source of food non cholesterol for rural cummunity and urban [6], (b) as a source of income for rural community around the area Maninjau Lake [3], Singkarak Lake [7], Arang-Arang Lake [8], Koto Panjang Reservoir [9] and Kampar Kanan River [10], (c) has been successfully used as a biological agent to reduce the blooming of phytoplankton in Maninjau Lake [6], (d) can be applied to restocking and introduction to waters lakes and reservoirs that is experiencing blooming phytoplakton fish farming activities due to floating net cages. ...
... The fish aquaculture activities can be started from the process of domestication [17]. A database for domestication of O.vittatus are already available, among others morphological characterization [3], genetic variation [4], growth model [18], food habits [19] and aspects of reproduction [5]. Domestication can be started from the larva rearing, fingerling and broodstock. ...
A preliminary study was conducted on the feeding schedule of laboratory reared larvae of O. vittatus. The feeding schedule consisted (1) Artemia nauplii from 10 to 15 days, Moina sp from 15 to 20 days, Tubifex worms from 20 to 40 days, (2) Artemia nauplii from 10 to 20 days, Moina sp from 20 to 25 days, Tubifex worms from 25 to 40 days, (3) Artemia nauplii from 10 to 25 days, Moina sp from 25 to 30 days, Tubifex worms from 30 to 40 days, (4) Artemia nauplii from 10 to 30 days, Moina sp from 30 to 35 days, Tubifex worms from 35 to 40 days. The feeding schedules were significant differences on growth performance of O.vittatus larvae and the were no significant differences on survival rate. The results indicated that feeding schedule Artemia nauplii from 10 to 15 days, Moina sp from 15 to 20 days, Tubifex worms from 20 to 40 days showed better growth performance in terms of the parameters measured.
Highlight Research Morphoregression and reproduction aspect of bonylip barb was analyzed Fork length more accurately to estimate the body weight Lm50 of bonylip barb in Tamblingan Lake was 116 mmTL Growth pattern is isometric Good reproduction aspect Abstract Bonylip barb (Osteochilus vitattus Valenciennes, 1842) is one of many native fish inhabiting Tamblingan Lake. The information about this species in Tamblingan Lake is rare which requires fulfilment in information gaps for the management of bonylip barb. The aims of this research were to find out the length-length relationship, length-weight relationship, length at first maturity, sex ratio, gonadal maturity stage, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, as well as spawning period and location in Tamblingan Lake. The fish sample was captured with experimental gillnet that was set in the afternoon and hauled in the next morning. Length and weight of every sample were taken. All samples were dissected to observe the sex and gonad. Fork length was the type of length with higher accuracy to estimate the body weight than the other length character. Growth pattern of this species was isometric. Lm50 of bonylip barb in Tamblingan Lake was 116 mmTL. Sex ratio of bonylip barb was imbalanced (1.00:0.82). Gonad maturity stage I-V was found during the research with GSI between 0.16-15.50 for male fish and 0.43-32.82 for female fish. The highest GSI was found in March, 15.50 for male fish and 32.73 for female fish. Mature fish were discovered in all stations in every month of sampling. The fecundity of bonylip barb ranged between 2,792-279,326 eggs. The length-length and the length-weight showed a strong relationship. The fish was isometric. Based on the growth pattern and the reproductive aspects, the population of bonylip barb in Tamblingan Lake was in good condition.
