Figure - uploaded by Bernardo N. Ide
Content may be subject to copyright.
Elastic Potential Energy Accumulated in the Elastic Tubes According to the Deformation and Force Generated by the Elastic Tubes due to the Deformation
Source publication
Context:
The elastic tubes have been used for clinical rehabilitation programs in which exercises are performed with submaximal intensities due to the difficulty in the measure the applied force. The authors aimed to quantify the elastic constant of elastic tubes used in neuromuscular rehabilitation programs predicting the force related to elastic...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... picture illustrates the values of elastic constant according to color and thickness. The E p (in joule) and the force (in newton) generated by each elastic tube at every 0.05 m of elongation are shown in Table 2. ...Context 2
... force values generated from the elastic tube elongation can be seen on Table 2. The force and EP values increase according to color and thickness of elastic tubes, following the sequence: yellow, red, blue, gray, black, grape, purple, and gold. ...Context 3
... the present study advances the frontier of knowledge about load prediction and control based on the elongation of elastic tubes. Therefore, it was possible to verify that following the order of the least intense elastic tube (yellow) that generated a load of 3.9 (in newton) in the elongation of 0.05 m for the most intense (gold) that generated a load of 13.7 (in newton) in the same stretched position (Table 2), we can indicate which elastic tube (identified by color) and at which stretch would be more suitable for a particular exercise or training objective, or even, for which population it would be indicated, depending on the objective. In addition, the force values can be increased by the number of elastic tubes. ...Citations
... Except for the squat exercise, which was performed with only the body mass, all strength training exercises were executed with elastic tubes (R.O.C.F de Souza industry and commerce of equipment for physiotherapy and sports-ME, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). The elastic tubes employed during the sessions had an external and internal diameter of 10.1 and 5 mm, respectively, wall thickness of 2.5 mm, and modulus of elasticity of 52.4 N·m 21 (28). The RE with elastic tubes session consisted of 3 sets of 12 repetitions with 30 seconds of rest interval between the sets and 2 minutes between the exercises. ...
Reis, AL, Deus, LA, Neves, RVP, Corrêa, HL Reis, TL, Aguiar, LS Honorato, FS, Barbosa, JMS, Araújo, TB, Palmeira, TRC, Simões, HG, Prestes, J, Sousa, CV, Ide, BN, and Rosa, TdS. Exercise-induced transient oxidative stress is mitigated in Down syndrome: insights about redox balance and muscle strength. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of a session of resistance exercise (RE) performed with elastic tubes on the redox balance and inflammatory profile in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Subjects ( n = 23) were allocated into 2 groups: individuals with DS (DS; n = 11) and individuals without DS (WDS; n = 12), who performed an acute RE session. Diagnostic assessment included medical history, anthropometric measures (body height, body mass, body mass index, and body composition assessment), biological collections, muscle strength assessments (handgrip and maximal voluntary isometric contraction tests), and exercises. The redox balance and inflammatory profile were assessed in urine and saliva samples before and after an acute RE session. There were no differences between WDS and DS groups for body composition ( p > 0.05). The DS group presented higher values pre and post an acute RE session with elastic tubes for oxidative and proinflammatory markers compared with WDS ( p < 0.05). Uric acid values increased from pre–acute RE session to post–acute RE session for WDS ( p < 0.0001). No differences were identified within groups for the delta analysis ( p > 0.05). Inverse correlations were found between total force and F2-isoprostane, 8OHdG, uric acid, allantoin, IL-6, TNF-α, and the TNF-α:IL-10 ratio. A positive correlation was found between IL-10 and total force. The DS group presented increased peak force in the knee extension and elbow flexion exercises (∼25 and 12%, respectively) but decreases in handgrip strength of ∼7%. The WDS group showed higher peak force values for knee extension, elbow flexion, and handgrip (∼16, 10, and 14%, respectively). The DS group had lower transient elevation of oxidative stress after an acute RE session compared with WDS. Oxidative stress and inflammation responses of DS to an acute RE session with elastic tubes may be insufficient to induce health adaptations for the same relative load compared with WDS.
Introduction
Faced with lockdowns, it was mandatory the development of supervised home-based RT protocols to keep patients with chronic kidney disease engaged in programs. Nonetheless, there is a lack of scientific literature regarding its effects on patients.
Purpose
To investigate the effects of a supervised home-based progressive resistance training program on functional performance, bone mineral density, renal function, endothelial health, inflammation, glycemic homeostasis, metabolism, redox balance, and the modulation of exerkines in patients with CKD in stage 2.
Methods
Patients (n = 31) were randomized and allocated into the control group (CTL; n = 15; 58.07 ± 5.22 yrs) or resistance training group (RT; n = 16; 57.94 ± 2.74 yrs). RT group performed 22 weeks of supervised progressive home-based resistance exercises. Bone mineral density, anthropometric measurements, and functional performance were assessed. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline and after the intervention for the analysis of markers of renal function, endothelial health, inflammation, glycemic homeostasis, metabolism, and redox balance.
Results
Twenty-two weeks of home-based RT were effective in improving (P < 0.05) functional performance, bone mineral density, uremic profile, ADMA, inflammatory markers, the Klotho-FGF23 axis, glycemic homeostasis markers, and exerkines. These improvements were accompanied by higher concentrations of exerkines and anti-inflammatory cytokines. RT group displayed a decrease in cases of osteopenia after the intervention (RT: 50 % vs. CTL: 86.7 %; X² = 4.763; P = 0.029).
Conclusion
Results provide new evidence that supervised home-based progressive RT may be a relevant intervention to attenuate the progression of CKD and improve functional capacity, bone mineral density, and the immunometabolic profile. These improvements are associated with positive modulation of several exerkines.
