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Elaphoglossum minutum (A-C), E. peltatum (D-H), and E. squamipes (J-M). A. Habit, with fertile leaf at right. B. Stem scale. C. Petiolar scale. D. Habit, with two fertile leaves at right. E. Stem detail, note peglike aerophore at left of petiole base. F. Petiolar scale. G. Laminar scales. H. fertile lamina detail. J. Habit, with fertile leaf at right. K. Stem scale. L. Petiolar scale. M. Abaxial lamina detail. (A-C, Woodson Jr. et al. 1177, NY, from Panama; D-H, Méndez 7931, NY, from Mexico; J-M, Brade 5290, NY).
Source publication
A taxonomic treatment for the three species of Elaphoglossum sect. Squamipedia found in Brazil is presented. The section is monophyletic and most of its species are characterized by slender, 1–1.5 mm wide, long-creeping stems; the presence of two peg-like aerophores on the rhizome just behind each petiole; pale brown stem scales; the absence of phy...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... line drawings (Fig. 4) were taken from Vasco et al. (2013). The ones for E. minutum ( Fig. 4A-C) and E. peltatum (Fig. 4D-H) were based on specimens from Panama and Mexico, respectively. Some of their measurements do not correspond to those given in the key or descriptions, which were based exclusively on Brazilian ...
Context 2
... line drawings (Fig. 4) were taken from Vasco et al. (2013). The ones for E. minutum ( Fig. 4A-C) and E. peltatum (Fig. 4D-H) were based on specimens from Panama and Mexico, respectively. Some of their measurements do not correspond to those given in the key or descriptions, which were based exclusively on Brazilian ...
Context 3
... line drawings (Fig. 4) were taken from Vasco et al. (2013). The ones for E. minutum ( Fig. 4A-C) and E. peltatum (Fig. 4D-H) were based on specimens from Panama and Mexico, respectively. Some of their measurements do not correspond to those given in the key or descriptions, which were based exclusively on Brazilian ...
Citations
... Thus, the main characters used for describing species as well as intrageneric sections are the rhizome and frond scales. Mickel & Atehortúa (1980) proposed such a subdivision of the genus based on morphology and especially scales, and the six sections they defined have been largely supported by the molecular phylogenetic studies Vasco et al., 2015;Vasco, Moran & Rouhan, 2009;Matos & Mickel, 2019), with a seventh section added by Lóriga et al. (2014). A study of spores in relation to phylogeny further supported many of the sections and subsections (Moran, Garrison Hanks & Rouhan, 2007). ...
After 15 years of field studies in Madagascar, especially focused on the overlooked fern genus Elaphoglossum (Dryopteridaceae), a synoptic revision of the genus is here presented. Based on more than 2,600 herbarium specimens including collections over 200 years, Elaphoglossum is the second most diversified fern genus in Madagascar, with 52 species and three subspecies (with 76% of endemism). It is to be compared to the 34 species treated by Tardieu-Blot in 1960 for the “Flore de Madagascar et des Comores” or the 38 species listed by Roux in 2009 in the seminal “Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands”. The 55 taxa represent five out of seven existing generic sections (sect. Amygdalifolia and sect. Wrightiana being monotypic and Neotropical): sect. Lepidoglossa (29 spp. and three subspp.), sect. Elaphoglossum (17 spp.), sect. Setosa (3 spp.), sect. Squamipedia (2 spp.), and sect. Polytrichia (1 sp.). Distribution is given for each species and subspecies, and detailed for each island or archipelago in the Western Indian Ocean (La Réunion, Mauritius, Seychelles, and Comoros). Twenty species and three subspecies are newly described, all but one endemic to Madagascar: Elaphoglossum ambrense Rouhan, Elaphoglossum andohahelense Rouhan, Elaphoglossum anjanaharibense Rouhan, Elaphoglossum approximatum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum brachymischum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum cerussatum Tardieu subsp. brunneum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum coracinolepis Rouhan, Elaphoglossum desireanum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum glabricaule Rouhan, Elaphoglossum gladiifolium Rouhan, Elaphoglossum leucolepis (Baker) Krajina ex Tardieu subsp. nanolepis Rouhan, Elaphoglossum leucolepis (Baker) Krajina ex Tardieu subsp. nigricans Rouhan, Elaphoglossum longiacuminatum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum patriceanum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum perangustum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum prominentinervulum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum rakotondrainibeae Rouhan, Elaphoglossum repandum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum sabineanum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum sinensiumbrarum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum subglabricaule Rouhan, Elaphoglossum tsaratananense Rouhan, and Elaphoglossum viridicaule Rouhan. Morphological description, distribution map, and original illustrations are provided for each new taxon. Novel identification keys to the sections and all species from Madagascar are also presented.
Elaphoglossum matogrossense, a new species from central-western Brazil, is here described and illustrated. It belongs to Elaphoglossum section Lepidoglossa, which is often characterised by conspicuously scaly leaves and non-subulate scales with acicular, one-celled, non-glandular teeth. The new species was first collected c. 35 years ago. It is characterised by short-creeping stems, orangish to brown stem scales, moderately to densely scaly leaves, short petioles, and narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate laminae with round apices and gradually decurrent bases. Elaphoglossum matogrossense is known only from the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park and is here considered critically endangered. We provide a description, taxonomic and ecological comments, conservation status assessment, geographic distribution, phenology, and illustrations for this new species.
We present a taxonomic monograph for Dryopteridaceae in Brazil. This is the second largest fern family (after Pteridaceae) in the country, comprising 16 genera and 191 species. An online version is available at: http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/floradobrasil/FB90950
We present a monographic treatment for the 13 species of Elaphoglossum sect. Polytrichia subsect. Apoda (Dryopteridaceae). Molecular phylogenetic analyses have recovered this subsection as monophyletic within the so-called “subulate-scaled clade” of Elaphoglossum . Morphologically, the species of E. subsect. Apoda are usually characterized by the presence of brightly colored stem scales (yellowish, orangish, orreddish, as opposed to castaneous to black), evenly distributed subulate scales on laminar surfaces, tiny glandular hairs on different parts of the leaves, and adult sterile leaves without hydathodes. The species can be divided into two groups: one with subsessile and the other with long-petiolate leaves. Elaphoglossum subsection Apoda is distributed from southern Mexico and the Antilles to Bolivia and midwestern Brazil. Elaphoglossum atehortuae , a new species from the Amazon region of Ecuador, is described, illustrated, and compared to its most similar species. It is unusual within this group for lacking subulate scales on both surfaces of the laminae, a character state that it shares with E. backhouseanum . Two species, E. polyblepharum and E. trichophorum , are included in the group for the first time, whereas E. procurrens and E. siliquoides are excluded based on morphological characters and previously published molecular phylogenies. We also provide comments for E. × morphohybridum , which is a hybrid between E. alvaradoanum and E. crinitum . Lectotypes are designated for Acrostichum apodum , A. platyneuron , A. cubense , A. procurrens , A. trichophorum , and Elaphoglossum auripilum , and epitypes are designated for A. apodum . To facilitate the identification of species, we provide keys, descriptions, illustrations, comments, synonyms, distribution maps, spore images, and a list of specimens examined.
