Efficiency curve for the diesel generator.

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Techno-economic Feasibility Study of a Solar PV-Diesel System for Applications in Northern Part of Bangladesh

Article

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Dec 2015

Renewable energy offers convenient energy solution to the population living in isolated areas. The residents can utilize the locally available energy resources for fulfilling their need for electricity. The availability of electricity in the darkness of night facilitates higher productivity. In this paper, design of a solar PV-diesel mini-grid syst...

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... generator is considered to have intercept coefficient of 0.05 L/hr/kW rated and slope of 0.33 L/hr/kW output [26]. The efficiency curve is shown in Figure 7 as generated in the software. Batteries have been considered due to the intermittent nature of solar resources. ...

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Techno-Economic and Feasibility Analysis of a Hybrid PV-Wind-Biomass- Diesel Energy System for Sustainable Development at Offshore Areas in Bangladesh

Article

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Oct 2017

Enhancement of Solar PV Hosting Capacity in a Remote Industrial Microgrid: A Methodical Techno-Economic Approach

Article

Full-text available

Jul 2022

To meet the zero-carbon electricity generation target as part of the sustainable development goals (SDG7), remote industrial microgrids worldwide are considering the uptake of more and more renewable energy resources, especially solar PV systems. Estimating the grid PV hosting capacity plays an essential role in designing and planning such microgrids. PV hosting capacity assessment determines the maximum PV capacity suitable for the grid and the appropriate electrical location for PV placement. This research reveals that conventional static criteria to assess the PV hosting capacity fail to ensure the grid’s operational robustness. It hence demands a reduction in the theoretical hosting capacity estimation to ensure grid compatible post-fault voltage and frequency recovery. Energy storage technologies, particularly fast-responsive batteries, can potentially prevent such undesirable scenarios; nevertheless, careful integration is required to ensure an affordable cost of energy. This study proposes a novel methodical techno-economic approach for an off-grid remote industrial microgrid to enhance the PV hosting capacity by integrating battery energy storage considering grid disturbance and recovery scenarios. The method has been validated in an industrial microgrid with a 2.6 MW peak demand in a ready-made garment (RMG) factory having a distinctive demand pattern and unique constraints in remote Bangladesh. According to the analysis, integrating 2.5 MW of PV capacity and a 1.2 MVA battery bank to offset existing diesel and grid consumption would result in an energy cost of BDT 14.60 per kWh (USD 0.1719 per kWh). For high PV penetration scenarios, the application of this method offers higher system robustness, and the financial analysis indicates that the industries would not only benefit from positive environmental impact but also make an economic profit.

Energy analysis of a solar driven vaccine refrigerator using environment-friendly refrigerants for off-grid locations

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Jul 2021

In many remote localities, one of the underlying reasons for not receiving life-saving vaccines is the lack of electricity to store the vaccines in the required refrigerated conditions. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) refrigerators have been considered as a viable and green solution to store the vaccines in remote localities having no access to electricity. In this paper, a detailed methodology has been presented for the performance evaluation of a solar PV powered vaccine refrigerator for remote locations. Thermal modelling with hourly cooling load calculations and refrigeration cycle simulations were carried out. The performance parameters for three environment-friendly refrigerants: R152a, R1234yf, and R1234ze(E) has been compared against the commonly used R134a for two remote, off-grid locations in Bangladesh and South Sudan. The energy systems comprising of solar PV panels and batteries to run the refrigerator were modelled in HOMER software for techno-economic optimizations. For both the locations, R152a was found to be the best performing refrigerant exhibiting higher COP (2%−5.29%) as compared to the other refrigerants throughout the year, while R1234ze(E) exhibited COPs on par with R134a, and R1234yf had the least performance. Techno-economic analysis showed an energy system providing electricity to the refrigerator with R152a also had lower levelized cost of electricity (0.48%−2.54%) than the systems having other refrigerants in these locations.

A chronological review of prospects of solar photovoltaic systems in Bangladesh: Feasibility study analysis, policies, barriers, and recommendations

Article

Full-text available

Apr 2021
IET RENEW POWER GEN

The main focus of this paper is to present the current prospects, potentials, research activities, future concerns, and applications of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Bangladesh. Despite the existence of several articles in the literature on solar energy prospects in Bangladesh, the diffusion of several solar PV applications throughout the country, their rapid progress analysis, and existing feasibility study outcome analysis are still unrevealed. Therefore, an endeavour has been made for the first time to condense the government and non-government contributions to disseminating solar energy throughout the country. Twenty-one feasibility studies at different locations of Bangladesh are reviewed and analysed, in terms of financial viability, sensitivity analysis, and greenhouse gas emissions, to foresee the prospects of solar energy in Bangladesh. Sensitivity analyses are performed, with six sensitivity variables, which reveal that the total net present cost of the solar project implementation may be increased by 20% (maximum) in the lowest solar potential area than the highest one with an average payback period of 13 years. This paper also identifies the policy gaps, classifies the barriers into eight categories, and discusses the conceivable approaches to defeat those barriers, followed by recommendations in six different aspects.

Hybrid renewable energy sources power systems

Chapter

Nov 2020

Worldwide, the urge to save the climate and environment has led to the rapid deployment of hybrid power systems comprising of various types of renewable energy technologies. The integration of these technologies has led the hybrid system operators to consider significant impacts arising from technical and non-technical aspects of their operations. This poses new challenges in the planning of hybrid energy systems which needs addressing the economic, technical, social and environmental factors. Hence a holistic planning approach is a crying need which consists of methods not only to mitigate technical and non-technical challenges but also consider worldwide stakeholders' opinion for decision-making in the planning phase of hybrid systems. Computer-aided system optimization, techno-economic and technical studies, and integration of modern technologies are some of the other planning methods need to be considered to address the key challenges in a hybrid renewable energy resource power system. This chapter presents a conceptual framework considering all the aspects mentioned above for the planning of hybrid systems.

Identification and Analysis of Impact Factors on the Economic Feasibility of Photovoltaic Energy Investments

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Aug 2020

The introduction of environmental impact targets around the world has highlighted the needs for adopting alternative sources of energy, which can supply the demand and mitigate the damages caused to the environment. Solar energy is one of the main sources of alternative energy, and is considered an abundant source of clean energy. However, to facilitate and encourage investors interested in the installation of photovoltaic energy systems for electricity production, it is essential to evaluate the factors that impact on the economic viability of the projects. Therefore, the objective of this research is to present a systematic analytical framework, in order to identify and analyze the main factors that impact on the financial feasibility of projects for the installation of photovoltaic energy plants. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was carried out, analyzing the main studies related to the topic and identifying the main factors that may financially affect investments in photovoltaic energy systems. From this review, 29 influencing factors were identified and separated into five categories, namely, location, economic, political, climatic and environmental, and technical factors. The main factors highlighted are the investment cost, power generation, operation and maintenance costs, solar radiation, lifetime, energy tariff, efficiency, electricity consumption, and interest and taxes. The results may assist policy makers, investors, researchers and other stakeholders in identifying the key factors that are being examined in the literature, and to evaluate which ones should be considered in their study to ensure a sustainable development of power generation through the solar source.

Solar-Biomass Hybrid System, an Approach for Rural Electrifiation in Bangladesh

Conference Paper

Full-text available

Sep 2018

Electrification is one of the most important factors for development of a country. Lack of access to electricity is a major impediments to the economic growth of a nation. The geo-location of Bangladesh along with the limited reserve of conventional fuel arise the demand to find alternative energy source for electrification across the country. To achieve the overall development of the country electrifying more rural area is a demand of time. This research work represents a HOMER based feasibility analysis for an off grid hybrid renewable energy system for a remote village in Mymensingh. Detailed analysis for a hybrid energy system was done to compare with a conventional diesel based generation system. The hybrid renewable energy model developed on this study has proved to be more efficient in terms of economic analysis and environment friendly characteristics. The main objective of this research work is to reduce energy inadequacy and electrify more rural areas by using the renewable resources of the country.

Investigating the Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic and On-Shore Wind Systems in Bangladesh

Article

Full-text available

May 2018
IET RENEW POWER GEN

Current power generation scenarios all over the world are not climate friendly as the generation systems are mainly dependent on fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gas (GHG). As renewable energies (especially solar and wind energies) have the sustainable characteristics, by replacing the conventional energy system with them, it is possible to significantly contribute to reducing the dependency on fossil fuels as well as GHG emissions. Though biomass is the primary renewable source in Bangladesh, this study is exploring new options in photovoltaic (PV) and on-shore wind in the 0.5-2 MW capacity range. This research presents environmental and socio-economic impacts of grid-connected hybrid (PV/wind) power systems by investigating the potentials of the solar and wind energy with considering various sensitivity variables for two different locations, namely Magnama and Dinajpur, in Bangladesh. The main goal of this research is to generate the lowest possible adverse socioeconomic and environmental impacts ensuring a certain degree of monetary benefits. Three sizes of plants have been chosen for quantifying the variations in socio-economic and environmental impacts. It is found that the proposed model of the hybrid power system can maximise the benefits by reducing the adverse effects of conventional power plants.

Forecasting of solar energy with application for a growing economy like India: Survey and implication

Article

Oct 2017
RENEW SUST ENERG REV

Solar energy is going to play a measure role in the future global energy supply. Its acceptance has already been on rise in developing countries like India, where there is acute shortage of energy due to economic and other climatic reasons. Forecasting or predicting the future output of solar energy is a much needed step to integrate high insolation of solar energy to the nation's power grid. Due to the fluctuating nature of solar energy, an efficient use is possible depending on reliable forecast information and its availability in various time and spatial scales. The current status of forecasting of solar irradiance for energy generation proposes a review of solar radiation prediction and its application in a rapidly increasing economy like India. Various models are developed for analysis which can be developed either by empirical, soft computing or by simulation approach.

Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid system to power a mine in an off-grid area in Ghana

Article

Oct 2017

In spite of the abundance of renewable energy and its potential application to mining industries, Ghana has not seen much investment in this area. The provision of electricity for mining activities in Ghana is cost intensive, especially in remote areas that are not connected to utility-grids. In this study, a technical and economic analysis of a hybrid electric power system for an off-grid mine company was conducted. Three different hybrid systems, together with a “Generator only” system as base case were analysed using HOMER software, to select the optimum energy system. The selected system consists of 50 MW of Solar PV, 15 MW of fuel cell system, 600 batteries, 20.5 MW of converter and 20 MW of diesel generator. The system produces 152.99 GWh of electric energy annually. The PV array produces 44%, the fuel cell produces 40% and the diesel produces 14%. At the current cost of system components, and based on assumptions adopted in this study, the optimal system yields a cost of energy of US$0.25/kW and a least cost of energy of US$0.22/kWh, at a diesel price of US$0.80/litre and 30% reduction in both PV module and fuel cell system costs.

Electricity from Wind for Off-Grid Applications in Bangladesh: A Techno-Economic Assessment

Article

Full-text available

Mar 2017

Global GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions are increasing substantially and electricity sector is one of the key contributors to the world’s total GHG emissions. GHG emissions cause ozone layer depletion and global warming. Different policy regulation agencies are adopting regulations to reduce GHG emissions in various sectors. People already have started power generation from cleaner sources. Renewable energy sources can provide cleaner electricity. Bangladesh is a densely populated country and most of the country’s electricity is produced from natural gas and coal. The Bangladesh government has set a goal to utilize renewable energy for the production of 10% of its electricity by the year 2020. Bangladesh has a lot of isolated coastal areas which are not connected to the national grid which can be electrified by using abundant wind energy. In this study a techno-economic analysis has been conducted for an off-grid island of Bangladesh. The analysis was conducted by developing a data intensive model that calculates the generation cost of electricity from wind energy. The model also estimates the capital cost of the system. The model shows that electricity can be produced from wind energy at a cost of $0.57/kWh. The system’s capital cost was calculated to be $63,550.16. Keywords: GHG emission, cost of electricity, off-grid, wind energy, electricity generation. Article History: Received October 15th 2016; Received in revised form January 26th 2017; Accepted February 4th 2017; Available online How to Cite This Article: Rahman, M.M., Baky, M.A.H, and Islam, A.K.M.S. (2017) Electricity from Wind for Off-Grid Applications in Bangladesh: A Techno-Economic Assessment. International Journal of Renewable Energy Develeopment, 6(1), 55-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.55-64

Efficiency curve for the diesel generator.

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