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A premise of new public management (NPM) is that productivity in public services is lower than the private sector, justifying the transfer of tools and techniques born in private sector manufacturing. Our focus is on public service effectiveness i.e. performance, while recognising that efficiency is always important. We believe attention to effecti...
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... theory focuses on short-term efficiency (Moran and Ghoshal, 1999) even if sacrificing long-term effectiveness (Johnson and Kaplan, 1987). Japanese lean producers introduced the idea that efficiency and effectiveness need not trade off (George, 2003), summarised in the adaptation of Mouzas (2006) shown in Figure 1. Although our focus is upon effectiveness, it is important to reiterate that efficiency too is important recognising the conceptual separation of the two. ...
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A premise of new public management (NPM) is that productivity in public services is lower than the private sector, justifying the transfer of tools and techniques born in private sector manufacturing. Our focus is on public service effectiveness i.e. performance, while recognising that efficiency is always important. We believe attention to effecti...
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... Although there is no uniformity in the research community regarding the concept of assessing policy performance, policy performance evaluation has attracted extensive attention from scholars. Performance evaluation encompasses both behavioral and outcome evaluations [22]. e last understanding is more widely used in studies related to policy performance [23], which emphasizes that public policy analysis is a necessary process in policy formulation and includes technical aspects of policy implementation, changes in policy goals, audience size, and changes in stakeholder behavior strategies. ...
The evaluation of public management performance is the key to identify the effectiveness of the work of public administration, and public policy is an important guarantee for the orderly promotion of the work of public administration; therefore, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of public management policies to evaluate public management performance. Taking environmental protection policies as an example, this paper constructs an environmental-economic DEA efficiency analysis model using the DEA method to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of EEE in different provinces of China. It is found that EEE is highly correlated with the regional economic development level and is highly influenced by policy fluctuations, but the overall EEE of different provinces from 2016 to 2020 tends to be consistent and has a certain degree of stability. The conclusions of this paper have important implications for policy guidance, emphasizing the need to focus on the coordination of economic development and environmental protection, and the need for the improvement of the environmental policy system to be continuously optimized in an incremental manner, taking into account the actual situation of local development.
... Lo and Chiu [37] resorted to Data Envelopment Analysis to assess service design productivity, using costs and working hours as inputs and customer satisfaction as the output. More recently, Laitinen et al. [38] analyzed public service productivity in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, considering both quantitative data and qualitative data, including emotional labor input and users' positive experience with the service. On the whole, as Djellal and Gallouj [39] posed, it is difficult to identify the outputs of service activities and distinguish such outputs from the production factors that contributed to its realization. ...
Productivity is among the most popular and useful measures to control a firm's performance. It is usually defined as a ratio between a firm's final outputs and its inputs. Such a definition for productivity does not allow an accurate assessment of those organizational units operating in the early stages of the new product development process, whose outputs are distant from a firm's final ones. This article focuses on the organizational units operating on product design and engineering activities, considered a key competitive advantage source. Indeed, such units oversee major responsibilities in developing new products and improving existing ones. Therefore, monitoring product design and engineering units’ productivity is of pivotal importance, especially for firms whose business model heavily relies on new or continuously improved products. However, research on the productivity of product design and engineering units has been underdeveloped, and previous studies have called for research on the topic. Hence, this article outlines the features of product design and engineering activities, describing their similarities and differences with respect to research and development activities and to service activities. Consequently, it presents methodological insights to assess product design and engineering productivity and their illustrative implementation in Leonardo SpA, a global company in the Aerospace and Defence sector. Finally, the article outlines the theoretical and managerial implications of the study.
... Research by Laitinen, Stenvall, and Kinder (2017b) Austerity and the desire for more from less whilst increasing service quality to meet rising user expectations seems to explain the emergence of service systems. Interestingly, however, wider footprint (sociodemographic) accountabil- ...
In this conceptual paper, we discuss from the service systems perspective how accountabilities differ from a hierarchic and organisational perspective within the domain of New Public Management, looking to shed new light upon accountability as a research topic. The concept of service systems and their accountabilities are scrutinised and the role of integrated social and health care services is discussed in particular. The main argument in the text is the changing nature of accountabilities as the public organisations are being transformed into service systems. To date, the understanding of accountability has remained structural by nature – such is the case also for productivity measurement – but the shift from organisations towards services systems means that accountability ought to be considered as processual by nature. By processual it is meant that accountability should be considered as flows within systems – that is: flows between agents the content of which we argue includes not only knowledge on the outputs of public services, but also values, empathy and thus multi-layered understanding of accountability. The paper concludes with practical insights for managerial purposes on the basis for this accountability shift.
Knowledge sharing between employees in positions at different levels in the organization chart is always a big challenge. It is important to study the main factors that affects employees' knowledge. A number of literature reviews that sheds the light on knowledge management (KM) was conducted, which focuse on the employee knowledge sharing motivations. However, analyzing the knowledge sharing among employees is still questioned and requires further examination. The main objective of this systematic review is to analyze the state-of-the-are KM studies that involved the factors that affect employees' intention to share their tacit knowledge. In this systematic review, we explored the tacit knowledge sharing and reviewed 115 recent papers. After filtering and reviewing we extracted many factors, then we categorize them into twelve categories: (ordered by most frequent studied), namely: trusting environment, culture, organization encouragement, rewards, Information system, intrinsic motivations, equal opportunities, job security, the community of practice, time pressure, knowledge confidence and accuracy, and years of experience. This systematic review is important to organizations which seek to share, preserve tacit knowledge and experiences, and gain competitive edge.
El presente artículo tiene por objetivo contribuir con una mayor reflexión en el diseño de las políticas públicas. Para esto, se propone un marco integrado que promueva la implementación del enfoque basado en los derechos humanos (EBDH) en la gestión pública peruana.Primero se abordan conceptos como desarrollo, desarrollo humano, capacidades y el EBDH. Luego, se plantea un marco integrado para hacer efectiva la gestión pública, donde el EBDH es una de las cadenas de transmisión para el funcionamiento adecuado del gobierno desde una nueva gobernanza que genera valor público para el desarrollo humano. En este proceso sistémico se aborda la relación de la organización con el entorno (integrando teorías como la de desarrollo humano, EBDH y la nueva gobernanza pública) y se analiza la parte interna de la organización (integrando el EBDH en la cadena de valor y el enfoque de capacidades dinámicas).
