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Effect repellent essential oils on adults of Tribolium castaneum (Tc) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Rd) depending on the dose and exposure time.
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Essential oils (EOs) extracted by hydrodistilation from fifteen Tunisian plant species namely Pistacia for their insecticidal activities on adults of both pests of stored grains Rhyzopertha dominica (Bostrichidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Tenebrionidea). Fumigant toxicity bioassays showed that R. dominica is more sensitive towards these EOs than T....
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Context 1
... Chi-2 test (chi-square) shows that the fourteen EO have significant repellent activity against adults R. dominica (Table 2).Some essential oils are repulsive at the lowest concentration (0.038μl / cm²) and the shortest exposure time (3h and 6h). Indeed EO of L. angustifolia, A. arborescens L. and R. officinalis have shown an effective repellent activity against R. domoinica. ...Context 2
... pulegium EO showed a significant repellency at the low-dose and after a short time of exposure of 3 to 6 hours. The doses 0.076 and 0.31μl / cm² were highly repulsive after 6 hours of exposure (Table 2). ...Context 3
... (-44%), (-24%) and (-16%) repellency percentage were obtained after 24 hours of exposure to 0.15 µl / cm², 0.31 µl/cm² and 0.38 μl/cm², respectively. T. capitata EO has an attractive activity on R. dominica adults that can be interesting for the oral toxicity tests ( Table 2). The EO extracted from R. chalepensis showed no repellent activity against R. dominica at the concentrations 0.038 and 0.076μl/cm². ...Context 4
... EO extracted from R. chalepensis showed no repellent activity against R. dominica at the concentrations 0.038 and 0.076μl/cm². This repellency was manifested at the dose 0.15μl /cm² with 80% recorded after 24 hours of exposure (Table 2). EOs from L. nobilis, P. lentiscus, J. communis, P. graveolens, C. sempervirens, A. herba-alba, M. communis and C. aurantium showed very repellent activities at different doses tested and after different exposure periods against R. dominica. ...Similar publications
Phosphine is the most commonly used gas for fumigation for durable commodities globally, but there is still inadequate information regarding its efficacy in conjunction with proper concentration monitoring. In a series of bioassays, insect mortality after specific exposure intervals to phosphine in selected species was examined, as well as the appe...
Citations
... The pooled mean percent mortality was found to be significantly different across the oils (F 6 The fumigant toxicity of different EOs and their combinations against C. chinensis was presented in Table 3. Among EOs, L. angustifolia showed more toxicity against C. chinensis (LC 50 ...
... The repellent activity of EOs against pulse beetle decreased over time. Results showed that A. calamus showed more repellence against C. maculatus and C. chinensis (RC 50 ...
... Insecticidal activities of the EO depend upon the presence of significant constituents, mode of application, concentration, stage, and type of insect [40,41]. In the present study, A. calamus showed the highest fumigant toxicity against C. maculatus after 96 h, compared to the previous study (LC 50 = 3043.94 µL/L) [42]. ...
Pulse beetle is the most harmful pest attacking stored grains and affecting quality and marketability. Continuous use of chemical-based pesticides against pulse beetle led to the development of insecticidal resistance; essential oils (EOs) can be an effective natural alternative against this pest. The main objective was to study the chemical composition of seven EOs viz., Acorus calamus, Hedychium spicatum, Lavandula angustifolia, Juniperus recurva, Juniperus communis, Cedrus deodara and Pinus wallichiana, their insecticidal and enzyme inhibition activities against pulse beetle. The primary compounds present in these EOs were cis-asarone, 1,8-cineole, linalyl isobutyrate, 2-β-pinene, camphene, α-dehydro-ar-himachalene and camphene. A. calamus oil showed promising fumigant toxicity to Callosobruchus maculatus and C. chinensis (LC50 = 1357.86 and 1379.54 µL/L, respectively). A combination of A. calamus + L. angustifolia was effective against C. maculatus and C. chinensis (LC50 = 108.58 and 92.18 µL/L, respectively). All the combinations of EOs showed synergistic activity. In the repellency study, A. calamus showed more repellence to C. maculatus and C. chinensis (RC50 = 53.98 and 118.91 µL/L, respectively). A. calamus and L. angustifolia oil at 2500, 5000 and 10,000 µL/L significantly inhibited the AChE and GST enzymes in C. maculatus and C. chinensis after 24 and 48 h.
... Besides, the study carried out by Mediouni et al., (2011) [15] on Lasioderma serricorne showed that the repellent action of L. nobilis essential oil was highly dependent upon oil concentration and exposure time. Moreover, against two major pests of stored grain Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum L. nobilis essential oil exhibited highly significant repellency effect (Mediouni et al., 2012b; Ncibi et al., 2019) [16][17] . Furthermore, against cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, the repellency percentage was 86.67% for laurel essential oil in LC50 (Hosseini et al., 2013) [18] . ...
... P. graveolens exhibited significant fumigant toxicity and repellent effect against T. castaneum and R. dominica. Toxicity bioassays showed that R. dominica is more sensitive towards these EO than T. castaneum, T. castaneum was more tolerant, [37]. ...
The study curried out to study the chemical composition of tagette essential oil and evaluate the insecticidal activities of tagette oil against two major stored product insects Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica. The study indicated that, Dihydrotagetone was the main component in tagette oil with 28.85 % percentage of total oil followed by Cis-Ocimene with 26.91%. For T. castaneum the highest concentration 0.24 mg/cm 2 had the highest repellent effect with 87.5% repellency after over the 24 h duration. All tested concentrations had a repellent effect on R. dominica the repellency percentage was increased with increasing exposure period and concentrations. tagette essential oil showed fumigant toxicity against R. dominica and T.castaneum. However, R. domenica was considerably more susceptible than T. castaneum. For R. dominica after 3 h tagette essential oil had fumigant effect, with LC50 value 0.26 mg/cm 3 while after 6 h tested oil had fumigant effect with LC50 value 0.17 mg/cm 3. While after 48 h T. minuta oil had the fumigant effect with LC50 value 0.48 mg/cm 3. tagette oil had contact effect at all exposure periods of exposure against T. castaneum with LC50 of (7942.9, 3375.0 and 2967.7 mg/kg) after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure, respectively. Data also showed that tested essential oil had contact effect on adults of R. dominica with LC50 of (820.7 and 665.5 mg/kg) after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.
... Several bacteria have been isolated from the brownbanded cockroach S. longipalpa including Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., coagulase negative staphylococci and Bacillus species 5 . In addition, the grain borer, T. confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and R. dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) are the main insect pests of stored-products in North Africa, mainly in Tunisia and are capable of easily infect healthy cereals grains 6 . ...
... T. confusum and R. dominica spend most of its life cycle stages (larvae and imago) in kernel and feeding on the endosperm of cereals 7 . Adults and larvae of these species are serious economic pests that cause significant quantitative and qualitative losses and require effective solutions to protect grain stocks 6 . The darkling beetle blaps nefrauensis nefrauensis (Coleopera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the seventeen Blaps species present in Tunisia. ...
... high repellency (5) PR˂80.1-100%: very high repellency (6). ...
The aim of this report was to investigate the possible lethal effect of Thymus and Teucrium essential oils against insects. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion assay. Relative repellency, fumigation and plant lethality on certain pest species were tested. A higher concentration of thyme (9.95 µL/ cm 2) essential oil showed the greatest repellent effect against Tribolium confusum and Supella longipalpa. Exposure of pests to 2 µL thyme essential oil (EO) /l air resulted in 100 % mortality in 24 h. Thyme and Teucrium EO induced dose-response mortality of T. confusum larvae with LC 50 values of 45.22 and 38.10 µL/l air, respectively. Maximum lethality was recorded after 24 h and 48 h of exposure to the essence of T. algeriensis. Moreover, a total repellency effect was detected within 1 h of experiment at a concentration of 9.95 µL/cm 2. Furthermore, complete lethality (100 %) of the nymph and adult of S. longipalpa (1˂ LT 50 ˂6 h), T. confusum (LT 50 ˂7 h) and the larvae of Blaps nefrauensis (1˂ LT 50 ˂3 h) were observed. Additionally, thymol (0.3% w/w) was shown to induce moderate repellency and fumigant effect against studied insects. Overall, thyme and teucrium essential oils can be alternative botanical pesticides for these insects. But further experiments are needed to justify the insecticidal effect of essential oils used directly on T. confusum in cereal stores. As well, the experimental procedure using low doses of essential oil used for insecticidal potency should be repeated with high doses.
... Ajai et al. (2014) hypothesized that fumigation with low concentrations of the essential oil components will affect the nervous system of C. maculatus and thus prevent egg laying on stored seeds. Geranium oil tested as a fumigant against R. dominica, mortality was 100%, toxicity bioassays showed that R. dominica is more sensitive towards these EO than T. castaneum, T. castaneum was more tolerant, [42]. ...
The study was carried out to evaluate the fumigant and repellent effect of Ocimum basilicum and Jasminum grandiflorum essential oils against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. Both tested essential oils had fumigant and repellent effect. For T. castaneum the highest concentration 0.24 mg/cm 2 basil absolute had the lowest repellency with 65% while by basil oil was 82.5%, repellency. Jasmine absolute achieved the highest repellency at concentration of 0.12 mg/cm 2 with 95% repellency. R. domenica was considerably more susceptible than T. castaneum in fumigant experiment. For R. dominica after 3 h basil oil had the strongest fumigant effect, with LC50 value 0.11 mg/cm 3 while after 6 h basil oil had the strongest fumigant effect with LC50 value 0.07 mg/cm 3. Based on LT50 Jasmine absolute seemed to be the most toxic material compared with the other materials used at the concentration of 0.4 mg/cm 3 , While against R. dominica calculated at four different concentration using fumigation method at the highest concentration (2.0 g/cm 3) basil absolute had the strongest effect with LT50 of 2.15 h. The study also studied the chemical composition of tested essential oils and decleared that, acetic acid had the highest concentration with 15.951% for jasmine absolute and linalool is the main component in basil absolute with 46.345%, while Linalool was the main component in basil oil with 54.8%. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.
... [28] found that geranium oil can be used as fumigant and cause 88% mortality against C. maculatus. P. graveolens exhibited significant fumigant toxicity and repellent effect against T. castaneum and R. dominica, toxicity bioassays showed that R. dominica is more sensitive towards these EO than T. castaneum, T. castaneum was more tolerant, [29]. ...
Pelargonium graveolens is an important economic plant, so many farmers work in producing geranium essential oil, to increase their income and also increasing the national income. Distillation of geranium herb produces floral water and factories throw it as a waste water. Using stripping column Hashem Brothers for Essential oils and Aromatic Products Company produced essential oil from waste water. The waste water contains from 0.06 to 0.2 kg/ton essential oil. Citronellol is the main component is geranium stripping oil with 31.88% followed by geraniol and linalool with 22.45% and 10.10%, respectively. Geranium stripping oil and its main components (citronellol, geraniol and linalool) were evaluated as insecticides. Triboleum castaneum is more tolerant than Rhizopirtha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae in contact and fumigant experiments. All tested components had no effect on T. castaneum as contact while geranium stripping oil had the strongest effect on R. dominica and S. ory-zae. All tested components had a fumigant effect against the three tested insects. After 24 h of exposure for R. dominica, linalool had the strongest effect with LC50 of (410.3 mg/L) while, citronellol had the strongest effect on T. castaneum and S. oryzae with LC50 of (628.2 and 898.9 mg/L), respectively. Cit-ronellol also had the strongest toxicity against S. ory-zae at the same time of exposure.
... It is revealed by comparing the types of experiments (no-choice and choice test), that the repellent effectiveness of EOs does not seem to be influenced when larvae did not get a chance to make a choice between treated and untreated leaves. The positive effects of repellency by Spanish oregano and laurel EOs against tomato pinworm observed in our work are in accordance with studies that tested these plant extracts against stored product pests (Papachristos and Stamopoulos 2002;Cosimi et al. 2009;Jemâa et al. 2011;Ncibi et al. 2019). EOs of basil, cypress and eucalyptus were weak repellent against T. absoluta and the lower efficacy detected in our study could due to the concentration used. ...
... EOs of basil, cypress and eucalyptus were weak repellent against T. absoluta and the lower efficacy detected in our study could due to the concentration used. Indeed, in contrast with our results, these EOs are reported as good repellents against many harmful pests such as stored product insects, moths, mosquitoes, flies and aphids (Landolt et al. 1999;Harrewijn et al. 2001;Papachristos and Stamopoulos 2002;Yang and Ma 2005;Prajapati et al. 2005;Tapondjou et al. 2005;Erler et al. 2006;Hori 2003;Mishra et al. 2012;Hasaballah et al. 2018;Madreseh-Ghahfarokhi et al. 2018;Chandel et al. 2019;Ncibi et al. 2019;Abdelkader et al. 2020). However, the low repellent activity of eucalyptus was found also against moths and mosquitoes (Landolt et al. 1999;Trongtokit et al. 2005). ...
Tuta absoluta , an invasive pinworm characterized by high reproductive potential and adaptation to different agroecological conditions, cause serious damage to tomato crops. Chemical control with synthetic insecticides is widely used to control this pest, although pesticides exhibit side effects on non-target organisms and negatively impact the environment, with the occurrence of resistance to some active substances in the target pest. The use of essential oils (EOs) from aromatic or officinal plants could represent an environmentally safe control method, alternative to synthetic insecticide application. In this work we investigated the effect of EOs from Spanish oregano, laurel, basil, garlic, peppermint, cypress, and eucalyptus EOs on T. absoluta oviposition deterrence and larval repellency. Results showed a remarkable oviposition deterrence using laurel, Spanish oregano, basil, and garlic EOs in both laboratory and greenhouse experiments. In no-choice repellence tests carried 1, 2, 6, and 22 h after treatment application, peppermint and Spanish oregano EOs showed the most lasting effects while cypress and eucalyptus EOs were not effective after 6 and 22 h, respectively. In choice tests, at either 5 or 22 h after treatment application, low preference for the test over control by larvae was observed in all treatments, except for basil EO. The most promising effects were observed in Spanish oregano and laurel treatments where no larvae were detected. Repellent effectiveness of EOs does not seem to be influenced when larvae did not get a chance to do a choice between treated and untreated leaves. This study highlights the effectiveness of EOs of aromatic or officinal plants as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for the control of T. absoluta .
... Dimetry et al. (2018) found that geranium oil can be used as fumigant and cause 88% mortality against C. maculatus. P. graveolens exhibited significant fumigant toxicity and repellent effect against T. castaneum and R. dominica, toxicity bioassays showed that R. dominica is more sensitive towards these EO than T. castaneum, T. castaneum was more tolerant, Ncibi et al. (2019). Geranium oil had the highest repellent activity against S. oryzae followed by fennel and basil oils Seada et al. (2016). ...
Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economic plant in Egypt that can resist insect infections, which may be related to its oils. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with three different methods (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation respectively). The three types of crude essential oils, three natural components (linalool, citronellol, and geraniol), and synthetic counterparts of two of these components (linalool and citronellol) were evaluated against Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica adults using two bioassays evaluating their repellency and fumigation effects. The tree types of crude geranium essential oils were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70, 31.80 and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Geranium absolute had the highest repellent activity against T. castaneum. In contrast, geranium stripping oil had the greatest repellency against R. dominica. Furthermore, natural linalool had the strongest fumigant effect on T. castaneum among the oil components, while citronellol had the strongest effect on R. dominica, and the oil components had stronger fumigant effects than the crude geranium oils. The fumigation activity showed the same trend as repellency against the two tested insects. Based on the LC50, the oil components having a stronger effect than the crude geranium oils. Finally, T. castaneum was more tolerant than R. dominica to all tested materials. The method of extraction effects on the chemical composition of essential oils produced from the same plant, all tested crude essential oils and its components (natural and synthetic) can be used as safe pesticide alternatives for stored product insects, geranium stripping oil is a new crude oil can increase the national income instead of losing it in waste water.
The concern with food security, aiming at food production without or with low use of pesticides, has been increasing in recent years. The use of pesticides requires necessary care during their application since they can generate several negative consequences for producers and consumers. Also, the incorrect use of these chemicals has caused problems, such as the emergence of resistance to pests and diseases, making it difficult to manage crops. It may even make production unfeasible, in addition to soil and water contamination. Several studies aiming at the alternative control of agricultural pests and diseases have found potential in plant sources, mainly through their essential oils and extracts. Salvia (Salvia officinalis L.) is a perennial shrub of the Lamiaceae family, widely used for medicinal and gastronomic purposes, however, due to the presence of (chemical) compounds in the essential oil and extracts of the species, with proven biological action (antibacterial, antifungal, insecticide and allelopathic), makes it an alternative for the control of agricultural pests and diseases. In this scenario, aiming to use natural options for chemical control, products extracted from species such as sage can help search for sustainable and ecologically correct agriculture. Through a bibliographic review, this chapter will aim to present an overview of the use and potential of essential oil and extracts of Salvia officinalis for the control of different pests and diseases in agriculture.
