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Effect of rm KIRREL treatment on basal and FSH-or IGF1-stimulated secretion of progesterone (A and B) and estradiol (C and D) by bovine granulosa cells. Granulosa cells from small bovine follicles were cultured for 48 h in a medium with serum and then in serum-free medium in the presence or in the absence of various doses of rm KIRREL (A and C) for 48 h, or in presence or absence of 10 ng/mL rm KIRREL, with or without 10 −8 M FSH, or 10 −8 M IGF1 (B and D) as described in 'Materials and methods' section. The culture medium was then collected and analyzed for progesterone (A and B) and estradiol (C and D) content by RIA. The results are expressed as the amount of steroid secreted relative to the basal state. The results are means ± s.e.m. of six independent experiments. Bars with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05).
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We have previously shown that dairy cows carrying the "fertil-" haplotype for one quantitative trait locus affecting female fertility located on the bovine chromosome three (QTL-F-Fert-BTA3) have a significantly lower conception rate and body weight after calving than cows carrying the "fertil+" haplotype. Here, we compared by tiling array the expr...
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... (rm KIRREL) that shares more than 98% identity with bovine KIRREL. Primary bovine granulosa cells were cultured for 48 h in serum-free medium supplemented with either different concentrations of rm KIRREL (1, 5, 10 or 100 ng/mL) or with or without rm KIRREL (10 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of IGF1 (10 −8 M) or FSH (10 −8 M). As shown in Fig. 5A and B, rm KIRREL reduced in a dose-dependent manner (1-100 ng/mL) the basal progesterone and oestradiol secretion in the culture medium (P < 0.05) as determined by RIA. As expected, the progesterone and oestradiol secretion was significantly increased by IGF1 and FSH (Fig. 5C and D) compared to the basal state (P < 0.01). However, no ...
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... the presence or absence of IGF1 (10 −8 M) or FSH (10 −8 M). As shown in Fig. 5A and B, rm KIRREL reduced in a dose-dependent manner (1-100 ng/mL) the basal progesterone and oestradiol secretion in the culture medium (P < 0.05) as determined by RIA. As expected, the progesterone and oestradiol secretion was significantly increased by IGF1 and FSH (Fig. 5C and D) compared to the basal state (P < 0.01). However, no significant effect of rm KIRREL at the 10 and 100 ng/mL (data not shown) concentrations was observed on IGF1-or FSH-induced progesterone or oestradiol secretion by primary bovine granulosa cells (Fig. 5C and D). We also investigated whether rm KIRREL affected the basal proliferation ...
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... the progesterone and oestradiol secretion was significantly increased by IGF1 and FSH (Fig. 5C and D) compared to the basal state (P < 0.01). However, no significant effect of rm KIRREL at the 10 and 100 ng/mL (data not shown) concentrations was observed on IGF1-or FSH-induced progesterone or oestradiol secretion by primary bovine granulosa cells (Fig. 5C and D). We also investigated whether rm KIRREL affected the basal proliferation of primary bovine granulosa cells. We measured the [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation into cells after 24 h of culture in the presence or absence of different concentrations of rm KIRREL (1, 5, 10 and 100 ng/mL). We observed that rm KIRREL significantly decreased ...
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Purpose: To develop and validate a computer tool for automatic and simultaneous segmentation of body composition depicted on computed tomography (CT) scans for the following tissues: visceral adipose (VAT), subcutaneous adipose (SAT), intermuscular adipose (IMAT), skeletal muscle (SM), and bone. Approach: A cohort of 100 CT scans acquired from The...
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... 18 Mb window) genes have been previously studied in bovine. The KIRREL3 gene was found to be highly expressed in granulosa cells and may act as a metabolic messenger linking metabolism, body composition and fertility 56 . The ACAT2 gene was associated with both daughter pregnancy rate and cow conception rate 57 , and MAS1 gene has been suggested to play a role in the regulation of www.nature.com/scientificreports/ ...
Abstract Fertility plays a key role in the success of calf production, but there is evidence that reproductive efficiency in beef cattle has decreased during the past half-century worldwide. Therefore, identifying animals with superior fertility could significantly impact cow-calf production efficiency. The objective of this research was to identify candidate regions affecting bull fertility in beef cattle and positional candidate genes annotated within these regions. A GWAS using a weighted single-step genomic BLUP approach was performed on 265 crossbred beef bulls to identify markers associated with scrotal circumference (SC) and sperm motility (SM). Eight windows containing 32 positional candidate genes and five windows containing 28 positional candidate genes explained more than 1% of the genetic variance for SC and SM, respectively. These windows were selected to perform gene annotation, QTL enrichment, and functional analyses. Functional candidate gene prioritization analysis revealed 14 prioritized candidate genes for SC of which MAP3K1 and VIP were previously found to play roles in male fertility. A different set of 14 prioritized genes were identified for SM and five were previously identified as regulators of male fertility (SOD2, TCP1, PACRG, SPEF2, PRLR). Significant enrichment results were identified for fertility and body conformation QTLs within the candidate windows. Gene ontology enrichment analysis including biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components revealed significant GO terms associated with male fertility. The identification of these regions contributes to a better understanding of fertility associated traits and facilitates the discovery of positional candidate genes for future investigation of causal mutations and their implications.
As the quality of life improves, there is an increasing demand for nutrition-rich marine organisms like fish, shellfish, and cephalopods. To address this, artificial cultivation of these organisms is being explored along with ongoing research on their growth and development. A case in point is Amphioctopus fangsiao, a highly valued cephalopod known for its tasty meat, nutrient richness, and rapid growth rate. Despite its significance, there is a dearth of studies on the A. fangsiao growth mechanism, particularly of its larvae. In this study, we collected A. fangsiao larvae at 0, 4, 12, and 24 h post-hatching and conducted transcriptome profiling. Our analysis identified 4467, 5099, and 4181 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at respective intervals, compared to the 0 h sample. We further analyzed the expression trends of these DEGs, noting a predominant trend of continuous upregulation. Functional exploration of this trend entailed GO and KEGG functional enrichment along with protein–protein interaction network analyses. We identified GLDC, DUSP14, DPF2, GNAI1, and ZNF271 as core genes, based on their high upregulation rate, implicated in larval growth and development. Similarly, CLTC, MEF2A, PPP1CB, PPP1R12A, and TJP1, marked by high protein interaction numbers, were identified as hub genes and the gene expression levels identified via RNA-seq analysis were validated through qRT-PCR. By analyzing the functions of key and core genes, we found that the ability of A. fangsiao larvae to metabolize carbohydrates, lipids, and other energy substances during early growth may significantly improve with the growth of the larvae. At the same time, muscle related cells in A. fangsiao larvae may develop rapidly, promoting the growth and development of larvae. Our findings provide preliminary insights into the growth and developmental mechanism of A. fangsiao, setting the stage for more comprehensive understanding and broader research into cephalopod growth and development mechanisms.
Murrah breed of buffalo is an excellent dairy germplasm known for its superior milk quality in terms of milk fat and solids-not-fat (SNF); however, it is often reported that Indian buffaloes had lower lactation and fertility potential compared to the non-native cattle of the country. Recent techniques, particularly the genome-wide association studies (GWAS), to identify genomic variations associated with lactation and fertility traits offer prospects for systematic improvement of buffalo. DNA samples were sequenced using the double-digestion restriction-associated DNA (RAD) tag genotyping-by-sequencing. The bioinformatics pipeline was standardized to call the variants, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) qualifying the stringent quality check measures were retained for GWAS. Over 38,000 SNPs were used to perform GWAS on the first two principal components of test-day records of milk yields, fat percentages, and SNF percentages, separately. GWAS was also performed on 305 days’ milk yield; lactation persistency was estimated through the rate of decline after attaining the peak yield method, along with three other standard methods; and breeding efficiency, post-partum breeding interval, and age at sexual maturity were considered fertility traits. Significant association of SNPs was observed for the first principal component, explaining the maximum proportion of variation in milk yield. Furthermore, some potential genomic regions were identified to have a potential role in regulating milk yield and fertility in Murrah. Identification of such genomic regions shall help in carrying out an early selection of high-yielding persistent Murrah buffaloes and, in the long run, would be helpful in shaping their future genetic improvement programs.
We have previously shown that dairy cows carrying the "fertil-" haplotype for one quantitative trait locus affecting female fertility located on the bovine chromosome three (QTL-F-Fert-BTA3) have a significantly lower conception rate and body weight after calving than cows carrying the "fertil+" haplotype. Here, we compared by tiling array the expression of genes included in the QTL-F-Fert-BTA3 in "fertil+" and "fertil-" adipose tissue one week after calving when plasma non esterified fatty acid concentrations were greater in "fertil-" animals. We observed that thirty-one genes were over-expressed whereas twelve were under-expressed in "fertil+" as compared to "fertil-" cows (P<0.05). By quantitative PCR and immunoblot we confirmed that adipose tissue KIRREL mRNA and protein were significantly greater expressed in "fertil+" than in "fertil-". KIRREL mRNA is abundant in bovine kidney, adipose tissue, pituitary, and ovary and detectable in hypothalamus and mammary gland. Its expression (mRNA and protein) is greater in kidney of "fertil+" than "fertil-" cows (P<0.05). KIRREL (mRNA and protein) is also present in the different ovarian cells with a greater expression in granulosa cells of "fertil+" than "fertil-" cows. In cultured granulosa cells, recombinant KIRREL halved steroid secretion in basal state (P<0.05). It also decreased cell proliferation (P<0.05) and in vitro oocyte maturation (P<0.05). These results were associated to a rapidly increase in MAPK1/3 and MAPK14 phosphorylation in granulosa cells and to a decrease in MAPK1/3 phosphorylation in oocyte. Thus, KIRREL could be a potential metabolic messenger linking body composition and fertility.
