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Education by immigration status. Panel (a) Migrants with more than one year in the country Panel (b) New immigrants Panel (c) Costa Ricans. Source: Own calculations using ECE.

Education by immigration status. Panel (a) Migrants with more than one year in the country Panel (b) New immigrants Panel (c) Costa Ricans. Source: Own calculations using ECE.

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In recent years, Costa Rica has experienced greater international migration from neighboring countries due to political, economic, and social reasons, raising discussions on the impact of migration on wages of native Costa Rican workers. This article is the first that disentangles the impact of migration on wages for native Costa Ricans from the im...

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Context 1
... the skill gap between natives and immigrants decreased in the period of our analysis. Figure 2 depicts these education differences using ECE data. Overall, the educational attainment of both immigrants and natives has increased over time, with more workers completing secondary and tertiary education. ...
Context 2
... depicts these education differences using ECE data. Overall, the educational attainment of both immigrants and natives has increased over time, with more workers completing secondary and tertiary education. In 2019, only 12 per cent of immigrants had tertiary education, compared to 33 per cent among Costa Ricans. As shown in Panels (a) and (b) of Fig. 2, the educational distribution of new immigrants is very similar to that of settled immigrants, supporting the assumption that they are closer substitutes and compete for the same positions in the labor market. The ECE shows that immigrants are mostly employed in trade (16 per cent), agriculture (15 per cent), domestic services (14 per ...