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Earthquake photos; complete collapse in Haji-Abad; (a) reported by Nikzad et al. (1997b), and (b) from photo courtesy of IIEES library. Complete collapse in Ardekul; (c) reported by Nikzad et al. (1997b), and (d) from photo courtesy of IIEES library. (e and f) Complete collapse in Abiz from photo courtesy of IIEES library. Destruction of (g) Ahangaran and (h) Zirkuh reported by Nikzad et al. (1997a)
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The Ardekul (Zirkuh) earthquake (May 10, 1997) is the largest recent earthquake that occurred in the Ardekul-Ghaen region of Eastern Iran. The greatest destruction was concentrated around Ardekul, Haji-Abad, Esfargh, Pishbar, Bashiran, Abiz-Qadim, and Fakhr-Abad (completely destroyed). The total surface fault rupture was about 125 km with the longe...
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Citations
... Therefore, both scales can be consistent to each other, as if there is description only in one scale, it can be applied for the final intensity value. Moreover, in this area, the conversion relationships introduced by Amini and Zare (2016) andAmini et al. (2017a) also applied to convert the intensity values of different scales to be sure about the final assessed intensity values, as was done for example for Ardekul-Ghaen earthquake(Amini et al. 2018), Sarpol-e-Zahab earthquake (2017)(Amini et al. 2019), and several ...
Estimating the macroseismic parameters of earthquakes such as location, magnitude, and fault orientation can be helpful to complete the earthquake catalogs, especially on historical ones or the ones whose parameters were estimated with low accuracy. This study aims to estimate the macroseismic parameters of Tabas earthquake (1978.09.16) using its reported descriptions, Macroseismic Data Points (MDPs). MDPs include any descriptions of earthquake effects on building damages and environmental effects of each location affected by the earthquake. Macroseismic dataset of Tabas earthquake is collected from different documents. Thus, this dataset is used to estimate the macroseismic parameters of this earthquake: macroseismic location, magnitude, intensity, and source parameters. Results estimate the macroseismic epicenter of this earthquake at 33.49°N–56.94°E with the moment magnitude, Mw, 7.1 and the maximum macroseismic intensity value XI in both EMS and ESI intensity scales. Its estimated source orientation is consistent to Tabas fault system in the direction NNW-SSE with the strike, length, and width value of the source in 166.8°, 55.8 ± 7.5 km, and 18.2 ± 1.4 km, respectively. Moreover, for future studies, the locations near Khosro Abad, close to the macroseismic epicenter of this earthquake, are suggested for the next field studies, sampling the sediments related to the past evidences and dating them.
The Abiz fault is the longest surface rupture in Iran, which constructed the northeastern boundary of the Lut block in Eastern Iran. The relationship between geometrical complexities and the stress heterogeneities along the segmented and curved Abiz fault has been examined to get insight into the cause of deflection of the fault segments and also the degree of fault maturity. The northern half of the Abiz fault rupture, based on the position of the splay fault, the surface and the depth slip variations, the width of step overs, the ground motion and damages and the aftershock concentration, has more maturity than the southern half. The Abiz fault has nine step overs along the length (i.e. four releasing step-overs and five restraining step-overs) in which from the north of Ardekul toward the south, with decreasing the degree of maturity, the width of the step overs and the size of overlaps are larger than those in the northern segments. The Abiz fault has been divided into seven segments based on the step overs, bends, the previous earthquake ruptures, the slip deficits and the dip direction deviation. These segments have become favorably oriented with respect to the stress field. The stress heterogeneities along the fault segments represent the local stress pattern around the curved slip surfaces. It is expected that this pattern would be compatible with the stress orientations due to the aftershock focal mechanism inversion.
