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Dyscophus antongilii (Tomato frog), a potentially vulnerable species to the advance of Asian toads into remnant native ecosystems. Photo: C.J. Raxworthy.
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Laurentthomasite, ideally Mg2K(Be2Al)Si12O30, is a new milarite-group member found within quartz-syenite pegmatites from the Ihorombe region, Fianarantsoa Province, Madagascar. It occurs as euhedral {0001} hexagonal crystals, maximum 15mm large and 5mm thick. The crystals show a very strong dichroism with cobalt blue and green-yellow colours when o...
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Seasonality exerts strong pressures on biodiversity patterns. Yet, temporal beta-diversity is poorly studied in tropical systems, and the drivers of variability in amphibian activity and seasonality remain largely unknown. We quantified intra- and interannual variation in temporal beta-diversity relying on a nine-year, year-round survey (51 species, n > 23 000) performed in a protected area (Betampona, Madagascar). We assessed the dependence on climate of beta-diversity and abundance using a distance-based redundancy analysis and generalised linear mixed models, respectively. Despite the majority of species being preferentially active during one specific period, beta-diversity and abundance were more variable between years than within years. Temporal variation in beta-diversity was best explained by temperature (but climate accounted for only 2% of variation). Species abundance was best explained by temperature (for 32% of the tested species), monthly humidity (30%) and monthly rainfall (24%). We found no climatic dependence for 24% of the species. Our results suggest that studies focusing on species phenology can be misleading when based on single-year surveys even in seasonal systems. The high interannual variability in diversity may be due to an adaptive responses to an important regime of stochastic events. Given the direction of the relationships between weather and abundances, we predict that a large proportion of amphibians would suffer from climate change in Madagascar. We emphasise the need to account for multiple temporal scales in studies of tropical species composition and abundance to better understand species phenology and their response to climate change, and make targeted conservation actions more effective.
Herpetofauna communities are formed due to the suitability of the habitat or adaptation process that forces a species to survive. The opening of the land mines result in missing or changing the habitat of herpetofauna. This research was conducted to know the preferences of the herpetofauna of habitat based on spatial distribution of herpetofauna in the vicinity of mining area of PT Singlurus Pratama. The survey was conducted in the area of revegetasi, forest fragmentation, the district adjacent to the mining area, rivers and water spots or natural and man-made on two mining blocks i.e. block Pearl and block independence. The method of election of purposive sampling location with direct search survey methods (Visual Encounter Surveys). The main species found 4 that its spread most widely with populations high. The most frequent species of herpetofauna and many found among others: Eutropis multifasciata, Enhydris enhydris, Fejervarya cancrivora, Polypedates leucomystax and Duttaphrynus melanostictus. Based on the value of the index indicates that the diversity of herpetofauna communities distress with low. Types of herpetofauna more land cover found in the undergrowth, secondary forest and agricultural areas that there are sources of water in it.
Komunitas herpetofauna terbentuk karena adanya kesesuaian habitat atau proses adaptasi yang memaksa suatu spesies untuk bertahan hidup. Pembukaan lahan pertambangan berakibat hilang atau berubahnya habitat herpetofauna. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui preferensi habitat herpetofauna berdasarkan distribusi spasial herpetofauna di sekitar kawasan pertambangan PT Singlurus Pratama. Survei dilakukan di areal revegetasi, hutan fragmentasi, kawasan yang berdekatan dengan areal pertambangan, sungai dan atau spot air alami dan buatan pada dua blok pertambangan yaitu blok Mutiara dan blok Merdeka. Metode pemilihan lokasi secara purposive sampling dengan metode survei pencarian langsung (Visual Encounter Survey). Ditemukan 4 spesies utama yang penyebarannya paling luas dengan populasi yang tinggi. Jenis herpetofauna yang paling sering dan banyak ditemukan antara lain: Eutropis multifasciata, Enhydris enhydris, Polypedates leucomystax, Fejervarya cancrivora dan Duttaphrynus melanostictus. Berdasarkan nilai indeks menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman herpetofauna rendah dengan komunitas yang tertekan. Jenis herpetofauna lebih banyak ditemukan pada tutupan lahan semak belukar, hutan sekunder dan areal pertanian yang terdapat sumber air didalamnya.
