Figure 3 - uploaded by Danielle Treadwell
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Drip tapes can be distinguished and recognized by their features. Note the emitter (on the four tapes on the right) and the turbulent flow channels (on the two tapes on the left). Credits: Eric Simonne.
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HS-1144, a 28-page illustrated fact sheet by Eric Simonne, Robert Hochmuth, Jacque Breman, William Lamont, Danielle Treadwell, and Aparna Gazula, presents the principles behind drip irrigation and some practical guidelines for successful and profitable use of drip irrigation for vegetable production in Florida. Includes references. Published by the...
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The purpose of this study was to determine the problems perceived by the farmers in vegetable cultivation and to explore the relationship of the selected characteristics of the vegetable growers with their problems. Data were collected from 109 vegetable growers of six villages of Belgachi Union of Alamdanga Upazila under Chuadanga district by usin...
Citations
... The highest water productivity of 12.82 kg/m 3 was recorded at 55%ETc and the lowest was recorded at 100%ETc. Cutting irrigation from 4500 m 3 /ha to 4185 m 3 /ha increased the amount of marketable tomato fruit produced by a significant amount, as reported by a study Simonne et al. [18]. ...
Ethiopia produces far fewer tomatoes than the world average due to poor management techniques. It was found that the soil moisture and agroclimatic conditions affected how tomatoes reacted to water management during irrigation. In order to assess the impacts of irrigation level and mulch types on the yield, yield components, water productivity, and economic return of drip irrigated tomato production, a field experiment was carried out at the Ambo Agricultural Research Center Farm Site in 2021–2023. The experiment was a two-factor factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design. The two factors were the four irrigation levels (55%ETc, 85%Etc, 70%ETc and 100%ETc) and three mulch types (no mulch, wheat straw mulch, and white plastic mulch). The two-year data on fruit yield, yield components, and water productivity were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS 9.4 software with a significance level (p≤ 0.05). least significant difference test was applied for statistically significant parameters to compare means among the treatments. The best soil moisture depletion levels, as determined by statistical analysis, are 100% ETc, 85% ETc, and 70% ETc, with marketable fruit yields of 56,405 kg/ha, 45,331 kg/ha, and 41,769 kg/ha, respectively. As for mulch types, the best practices are wheat straw mulch and white plastic mulch, with marketable fruit yields of 45,721 kg/ha and 44,514 kg/ha, respectively, for the study area. However, the results of the partial budget analysis results showed that, with net incomes for onion production in the research region of 1,350,930 ETB/ha and 1,367,071 ETB/ha, respectively, 85% ETc and wheat straw mulch are the economically optimal methods.
... However, organic production systems do not permit the use of inorganic acid to reduce pH. One alternative is to use organic acids (such as acetic acid or citric acid) to lower pH; however, these acids are weaker than inorganic acids, and larger volumes are required to reach the desired pH level (Simonne et al. 2008). Moreover, organic matter in fertigation solutions for organic production might raise the alkalinity during mineralization (Rukshana et al. 2012), thus changing the demand for acid over time. ...
... Drip irrigation is an irrigation method that allows precisely controlled application of water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly near the plant roots through a network of valves, pipes, tubing and emitters (Simonne et al., 2009). According to Michael (1978), drip irrigation is one of the latest of the systems and is becoming increasingly popular in areas with water scarcity and salt problems. ...
Article Info Water has been identified as one of the scarcest inputs, which can severely restrict agricultural production and productivity unless it is carefully conserved and managed. This study has investigated the effects of Mulching and Amount of Water on yield and yield components of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under Drip irrigation at Adola rede District, Southern Ethiopia. The treatments of the study comprised different combinations of three drip irrigation levels (100, 75, and 50% of crop water requirement, ETc) and three mulches (No mulch, white polyethylene sheet, and wheat straw). The yield and yield components in the mulched treatments with high levels of irrigation were significantly higher compared to those in the unmulched treatments. The yield of tomatoes increased with the increasing amount of irrigation water in mulched treatments. The highest marketable fruit yield for each mulch (35478kg ha-1 for white mulch and 28831kgha-1 for straw mulch) was obtained when 75% of the crop water requirement was applied. With 100% water application, the white plastic mulched treatment produced a lower marketable fruit yield than the straw-mulched treatment. The highest water productivity of (12.915kg m-3) was obtained with 75% water application under white plastic mulch, But statistically non-significant with straw mulch under 75% crop water requirement application. The highest net benefit of 563475.7ETB ha-1 was recorded from white plastic mulch with 75% ETc and followed by 484454.7ETB ha-1 with Straw mulch with 75% ETc. The lowest net benefit 285477.3ETB ha-1 was obtained from no mulch with 50% ETc. The highest benefit to cost ratio was obtained under treatment straw mulch with 75% ETc (15.04) and followed by no mulch with 100% ETc (14.32). This result revealed that wheat straw mulch with 75% ETc is economically feasible for tomato production in the Adola area of the Guji zone.
... Although demand for VSS-compliant cane sugar is still limited to meeting niche markets, rising bioethanol demand provides expansion opportunities for VSS-compliant sugarcane operators to support transitions toward lowcarbon economies (Gates, 2020;Johnson & Nyambane, 2017). 35 Investments are particularly needed in infrastructure such as drip irrigation equipment, as well as to improve existing mills and build new ones, which typically have 4-to 7-year payback periods (Islam et al., 2016;Simonne et al., 2018). Furthermore, there is considerable potential to scale up the production of sustainable bioenergy from sugarcane in some southern African countries, which have sugarcane industries that can be a source 34 VSSs operating in the sugarcane sector have some measures to address potential perverse effects from using sugarcane as a feedstock for producing bioethanol, such as exceeding GHG neutrality and indirect land-use change. ...
... However, NFT requires gentle slopes along the channels for excess nutrients drainage by gravity (Bray, 2018). Drip irrigation (also known as a trickle or micro-irrigation) is an irrigation method that facilitates the precisely controlled application of water and fertiliser through slow water drips near plant roots using a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters (Simonne et al., 2008). ...
Recently, there has been a surge of interest in sustainable agriculture to address the impact of urban paradigm shifts on food demand and supply. Vertical Farming (VF) has attracted considerable attention, both scholarly and economically, as a way forward to improve food security in urban areas. Previous studies have documented and reviewed the benefits of VF against traditional agriculture. However, most research papers have only focused on case studies from temperate climate regions. There is a surprising paucity of empirical research in urban farming specifically related to VF in tropical countries. This study set out to examine the new emerging agricultural innovation—VF—in various building typologies the growing system and explores the feasibility in Malaysian high-rise buildings. The findings also revealed several successful outcomes of ongoing urban farming projects in Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, which can significantly contribute to the planning and development of VF in a tropical climate. As a result, critical assessment criteria were identified for the successful development of the VF system in urban areas. This study implies significant opportunities for Malaysia to implement VF in local high-rise buildings.
... Risks of contamination from the open agricultural farms could be diminished [12]. Groundwater or domestic water, which is cleaner than surface water or irrigation channels, can be made use for irrigation and more efficient if managed properly for smallscaled vegetable farming [13]. Because next to the housing the organic growers can utilize the state electricity to power the business rather than using self-generating electricity which is generally more expensive. ...
Small-scale urban farming business of organic vegetables was emerging in some locations of Indonesia. The study aimed to observe the effect of medium size and organic compost dosage on the growth and yield of red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var red rapids). A pot experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3 x 4 factorial treatment using 3 replicates. Treatment consists of two factors namely medium size and organic compost dosage. The media size consisted of three levels: 1kg (S1), 3kg (S2), and 5kg (S3). The dosage of organic compost consisted of 4 levels: 0% (D0), 10% (D1), 30% (D2), and 50% (D3). The study was conducted in a plastic house, using a clay texture of subsoil and organic compost made from a mixture of cattle manure, chicken manure, MSG industrial waste sludge, coconut husk dust, oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). Some growth and yield parameters including water consumption and water productivity were considered. Results showed that red rapid lettuce growth was depressed at 1kg and 3kg medium sizes and growing more freely at 5kg medium size. Three best yields of 75.3g, 65.7g, and 90.0g per plant were performed by the treatment combinations of 3kg medium size-10% compost dose, 3kg medium size-30% compost dose, and 5kg medium size-50% compost dose. The treatment combination of 3kg medium size-10% compost dose, however, could be considered as the most optimum treatment combination since it used the least amount of medium and compost although the plant experienced in restricted growth.
... There is a sizable body of literature on the adoption and effects of advanced irrigation technologies in the U.S. West and High Plains (Moore and Negri, 1992;Peterson and Ding, 2005;Simonne et al., 2008;Vories et al., 2009;Pfeiffer and Lin, 2014). Our work extends the model of Moore, Gollehon, and Carey (1994) and Moore and Negri (1992), who investigated farm irrigation decisions, focusing on the effects of water price and water allocation policies. ...
... For sprinkler systems, total annual costs for capital, operating and ownership can range from $468 (Amosson et al., 2011) to $1,273 per acre (Scherer, 2010). For drip irrigation systems, the annual costs for installation and operation are $1,009 (Amosson et al., 2011) to $1,200 per acre (Simonne et al., 2008). Costs of moisture-sensing devices include installation, manual measurement, data logging, data transmitting, and data interpretation. ...
Water scarcity is becoming more acute, necessitating better understanding of farmer adoption of
improved irrigation technologies. Using data from the national 2013 Farm and Ranch Irrigation
Survey, this study employs a multilevel modeling approach to analyze irrigation decisions. The
variation in pressure irrigation adoption is mainly accounted for by state-level factors, while
adoption of scientific scheduling practices is more associated with farm-level factors. Adoption
increases with larger acreage, groundwater use, information sources other than neighbors, and
recent higher temperatures. Adoption is negatively associated with on-farm surface water and
barriers related to increased costs, management time, and time horizon.
... Besides, in order to prevent clogging condition, the filtration system is applied to guarantee the water particles is smaller than the emitter size. Lastly, the controls system devices permit the user to monitor the performance of drip-irrigation system and help to guarantee the required water amount is applied to the crop is attained during the growing season [8]. ...
This paper presents the development of a wireless remote-controlled system with dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling transmitter using android application system for multi-station irrigation and fertilizer dispersion. Fertigation are combination of two words which are fertilizer and irrigation. To be more precise, fertigation is the process of applying fertilizer through an automatic irrigation system. Plants need enough both of nutrients and water supply in order to grow up and produce a high market value crop. Inaccurate amounts of water and fertilizer can lead to unhealthy plants growth and the worst is, the plants will be dead. Although there are the timer-based fertigation systems, the system cannot control the exact amount of fertilizer and water needed by the plants as they operate by supplying same amount of water and fertilizer in a specific time set without considering the weather and soil condition. The android application system allows users to send commands from their smart phones to control various type of appliances such as lighting, watering, timer or even fertilizer. The system is equipped with Arduino Uno and relay drivers circuit for controlling the system appliances. The system is suitable for long range control applications which mean can be control by any device that using dual-tone multi-frequency signaling transmitter from anywhere in the world.
... Both knowledge and adoption of micro-and drip irrigation were higher than those for subirrigation ( Figs. 1 and 2). Capital investment in drip irrigation was reported by Simonne et al. (2008) at $1235-$2964 per hectare for field production. By contrast, costs of subirrigation systems, including materials and installation labor for the irrigation facilities, plumbing, and storage tanks exceeded $95,000 for an 1858 m 2 greenhouse in 1998 (Uva et al., 2001). ...
Nursery and greenhouse growers have an important role to play in conserving water resources. Many technologies are available to help growers conserve water. Yet, within the industry, there may be varying levels of knowledge about a specific strategy, along with inconsistent adoption and continued use. An understanding of these factors can be incorporated into educational programming for this audience. This study evaluated the reported knowledge level of U.S. greenhouse and nursery growers about eight specific water conservation technologies and then explored the rate at which growers had adopted and continued or discontinued their use. Technologies were ranked from high to low adoption rate, beginning with drip irrigation, rainwater capture, water reuse, and microirrigation, followed by soil moisture sensors, climate-based irrigation, subirrigation, and finally an irrigation audit. Overall, greater levels of knowledge corresponded to both greater adoption and continued use of a technology. Other factors, such as economic cost and technical feasibility are undoubtedly important. Findings highlight an opportunity to focus educational programs on the systems-based strategies that are beneficial to growers, but growers are least knowledgeable about to increase adoption of effective water conservation methods that currently have low levels of grower implementation. © 2018, American Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.
... Tomatoes are typically grown on raised, polyethylene-mulched beds in sandy soils that have low water-holding capacity (OzoresHampton et al., 2015). Polyethylene mulch systems generally utilize drip irrigation to allow for controlled application of water, fertilizer, and pesticides ( Simonne et al., 2015). ...
After the phase-out of methyl bromide (MeBr) and the constant challenges of root-knot nematodes (RKNs, Meloidogyne spp.), the need to evaluate the efficacy of additional alternatives in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production is vital. Fluensulfone (Nimitz, ADAMA Agricultural Solutions Ltd., Raleigh, NC) is a true, contact nematicide developed to target RKNs. Among available chemical soil fumigants, Pic-Clor 60 [1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin (40:60, w/w)] has been identified as one of the main alternatives to MeBr; however, nematode management in sandy soils with drip irrigation has been unsatisfactory. During the fall of 2014 and the spring of 2016, two replicated field experiments were conducted in Myakka City, FL with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of pre-plant drip-injected fluensulfone at 1.96 and 2.80 kg a.i.·ha⁻¹ combined with pre-plant fumigated Pic-Clor 60 at 280 kg ha⁻¹ on plant vigor, RKN soil population density, root galling index, and fruit yield of fresh-market tomatoes. All treatments showed uniform plant growth during both seasons. In 2014 and 2016, at final harvest, Pic-Clor 60 combined with fluensulfone at 1.96 and 2.80 kg a.i.·ha⁻¹ decreased RKN densities compared to Pic-Clor 60 alone by 96 and 85% and 81 and 94%, respectively. Similarly, during 2014 and 2016, at mid-season and final harvest, less root galling was observed with Pic-Clor 60 combined with both fluensulfone rates than with Pic-Clor 60 alone. However, the effect of the combination of fluensulfone and Pic-Clor 60 on tomato yield was significant only at the third harvest in 2014 when RKN infestation was high. Fluensulfone combined with Pic-Clor 60 could be a viable alternative for managing RKNs in fresh-market tomato production in sandy soils using drip irrigation and in fields with high RKN infestation.
