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![Drip pipe irrigation system in pots in Dianthus caryophyllus Factors used in drip irrigation system (listed in order from water source) which includes: • Water filter(s) or filtration systems: sand separator, Fertigation systems (Venturi injector) and chemigation equipment (optional) • Pump or pressure water sources • Backwash controller (Backflow prevention device) • Smaller diameter polyethylene tube • Pressure Control Valve (pressure regulator) • Distribution lines (main larger diameter pipe, maybe secondary smaller, pipe fittings) • Hand-operated, electronic, or hydraulic control valves and safety valves • Poly fittings and accessories (to make connections) • Emitting devices at plants (emitter or dripper, micro spray head, inline dripper or inline drip tube) In the drip irrigation systems, valves and pumps may be automatically or manually managed by a restrainer. The main large drip irrigation system applies some type of filter to forestall clogging of the small emitter flow path by small waterborne exercises. Modern technologies are now being proffers that minimize congest. Yet such models cannot reconcile stakeholders' different understandings of irrigation efficiency: farmers seek to maximize their economic benefits, while, water experts or seek to conserve Water [35]. Whereas the some residential systems are installed without additional filters since drinking water is already filtered at the water plant. Virtually all drip irrigation tools manufacturers](profile/Naimatullah-Mangi/publication/340777951/figure/fig3/AS:958317279080449@1605492052342/Drip-pipe-irrigation-system-in-pots-in-Dianthus-caryophyllus-Factors-used-in-drip.png)
Drip pipe irrigation system in pots in Dianthus caryophyllus Factors used in drip irrigation system (listed in order from water source) which includes: • Water filter(s) or filtration systems: sand separator, Fertigation systems (Venturi injector) and chemigation equipment (optional) • Pump or pressure water sources • Backwash controller (Backflow prevention device) • Smaller diameter polyethylene tube • Pressure Control Valve (pressure regulator) • Distribution lines (main larger diameter pipe, maybe secondary smaller, pipe fittings) • Hand-operated, electronic, or hydraulic control valves and safety valves • Poly fittings and accessories (to make connections) • Emitting devices at plants (emitter or dripper, micro spray head, inline dripper or inline drip tube) In the drip irrigation systems, valves and pumps may be automatically or manually managed by a restrainer. The main large drip irrigation system applies some type of filter to forestall clogging of the small emitter flow path by small waterborne exercises. Modern technologies are now being proffers that minimize congest. Yet such models cannot reconcile stakeholders' different understandings of irrigation efficiency: farmers seek to maximize their economic benefits, while, water experts or seek to conserve Water [35]. Whereas the some residential systems are installed without additional filters since drinking water is already filtered at the water plant. Virtually all drip irrigation tools manufacturers
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... modern drip irrigation system has arguably become the worldest most important innovation in the field of agriculture since the conception in the 1930s of the impact sprinkler, which proffered the first experiment alternative to surface irrigation system. Drip irrigation system in small pots is also an ideal for Dianthus caryophyllus flowers, see (Figure 3). Drip irrigation system may also useful devices called micro-spray heads, which spray water in a small area, instead of dripping emitters system. ...
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... With drip irrigation, water is directly applied to the soil (close to the roots of the plants) in the form of droplets over time. The most significant advantage of drip irrigation systems compared to other systems is the amount of water saved [6,7]. ...
Agriculture, or farming, is the science of cultivating the soil, growing crops, and raising livestock. Ever since the days of the first plow from sticks over ten thousand years ago, agriculture has always depended on technology. As technology and science improved, so did the scale at which farming was possible. With the popularity and growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years, there are even more avenues for technology to make agriculture more efficient and help farmers in every nation. In this paper, we designed a smart IoT-enabled drip irrigation system using ESP32 to automate the irrigation process, and we tested it. The ESP32 communicates with the Blynk app, which is used to collect irrigation data, manually water the plants, switch off the automatic watering function, and plot graphs based on the readings of the sensors. We connected the ESP32 to a soil moisture sensor, temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, and water flow sensor. The ESP32 regularly checks if the soil is dry. If the soil is dry and the soil temperature is appropriate for watering, the ESP32 opens a solenoid valve and waters the plants. The amount of time to run the drip irrigation system is determined based on the flow rate measured by the water flow sensor. The ESP32 reads the humidity sensor values and notifies the user when the humidity is too high or too low. The user can switch off the automatic watering system according to the humidity value. In both primary and field tests, we found that the system ran well and was able to grow green onions.
... For the use of drip irrigation, 27% of irrigation water consumption was reduced as compared to conventional flooded irrigation in aerobic rice production systems [43]. In the current condition, population growth with their demand day by day has increased whereas the availability of water becomes reduced [44]. In this case, it is important to use such types of alternative methods to save irrigation water. ...
The pressure on water resources is due to different factors that affect agricultural development for food security. Large agricultural lands are not irrigated because of limited water resources and poor irrigation water management. This results in poor crop water productivity. Therefore, this paper focused on finding alternative techniques of irrigation water management to solve the problems of poor irrigation water management for crop water productivity for diverse crop species. Although there are different options for saving and managing irrigation water to improve crop water productivity, deficit irrigation in different mechanisms, drip irrigation, pitcher irrigation and surface mulch were some of the innovative techniques of irrigation water management. Accordingly, stage-wise deficit irrigation was better than deficit irrigation throughout the growing season for improving yield productivity. Considering the furrow irrigation system, alternate furrow irrigation is better to save water and improve crop water productivity than fixed furrow irrigation. On the other hand, drip irrigation is better performed to improve crop water productivity than conventional irrigation systems. Furthermore, pitcher irrigation system and deficit irrigation with mulch had better performance than conventional furrow irrigation to save irrigation water and improve crop water productivity. Therefore, the alternative techniques of irrigation water management to improve crop water productivity are the best option for food security in areas of water scarcity. Particularly, deficit irrigation, alternate irrigation, drip irrigation with mulching and pitcher irrigation are alternatively recommended for implementation in the areas of water scarcity for sustainable development.
