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Dorsal view of nuchal plate elements of: A, Glyptothorax zanaensis and Glyptothorax longinema; B, Glyptothorax fucatus sp. nov.; and C, Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov.
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This study re-examined the taxonomic status of the sisorid catfishes usually identified as Glyptothorax zanaensis using a combination of morphometric and molecular data. Our results resurrect Glyptothorax longinema from the synonymy of G. zanaensis, and we describe two previously unnamed species as Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov. and Glyptothorax fu...
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... from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becoming paler immediately below lateral line), having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with straight (vs. concave) anterolateral edges that lack (vs. with) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), more slender body and caudal peduncle (depth at anus 11.4-15.8% SL vs. 15.5-21.1; depth of caudal peduncle 5.5-7.9% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), smaller eye (diameter 6.0-9.2% HL vs. 8.6-11.7), and longer nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9-52.9% HL vs. 25.9-34.5; length of maxillary barbel: 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 77.2-109.0); ...
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... eye (diameter 6.0-9.2% HL vs. 8.6-11.7), and longer nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9-52.9% HL vs. 25.9-34.5; length of maxillary barbel: 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 77.2-109.0); and from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), shorter post-adipose distance (12.0-16.4% SL vs. 15.7-21.6), caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 18.2-23.7%), and thoracic adhesive apparatus (11.3-15.2% SL vs. 14.4-18.0), and longer barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9-52.9% HL vs. 22.8-34.0; length of maxillary barbel 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 76.8-98.5; length of inner mandibular barbel ...
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... serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (ten to 12 vs. five to eight); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. becoming paler ventrally immediately under lateral line) and a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6); and from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 7), a deeper caudal peduncle (7.1-10.6% SL vs. 5.7-7.6), and a wider head (19.3 apparatus and having a deeper body (depth at anus 14.6-20.4% SL vs. 11.4-15.8) and caudal peduncle ...
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... 37.2-57.4; outer mandibular barbel: 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 59.2-85.7); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becoming paler immediately under lateral line), a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), a more slender body (depth at anus 12.9-16.5% SL vs. 15.5-21.1) and caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), and smaller interorbital distance (20.4-28.8% HL vs. 28.1-34.0); and from G. longicauda in having fewer vertebrae (37-39 vs. 39-42). It differs from G. longinema in having a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. ...
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... vs. 28.1-34.0); and from G. longicauda in having fewer vertebrae (37-39 vs. 39-42). It differs from G. longinema in having a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 7.1-10.6), narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.3-22.9), and a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, from G. macromaculatus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores, distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural ...
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... of nasal barbel 22.8-34.0% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 76.8-98.5% HL vs. 103.8-161.0; length of inner mandibular barbel 25.7-32.7% HL vs. 34.5-57.7; length of outer mandibular barbel 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 58.8-87.9), a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), and without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus (Fig. ...
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... more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 12 vs. five to eight) and a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 13.5-15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.7-8.5); from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddleshaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 12.9-16.5) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.7-7.6) and a larger interorbital distance (28.1-34.0% SL vs. 20.4-28.8); and from G. longicauda in having a shorter postadipose distance (13.5-18.7% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.0-16.9) and ...
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... (13.5-18.7% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.0-16.9) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.7-8.4). It differs from G. longinema in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, and deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.9-8.8), from G. macromaculatus in having distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running ...
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... in lacking (vs. with) a distinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 10.1-16.2), and from G. zanaensis in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.4-15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.5-7.9), larger eye (diameter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 6.0-9.2), and shorter nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 25.9-34.5% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 77.2-109.0% HL vs. ...
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... Known from upper reaches of the Salween River (Nujiang) drainage (Fig. 7). Figure 7. Distributions of the four species studied; , Glyptothorax zanaensis; , Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov.; , Glyptothorax longinema; , Glyptothorax fucatus sp. nov. Diagnosis: Glyptothorax longinema can be distin- guished from other congeners in the upper Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Salween River drainages with a uni- formly dark-coloured body in having a thoracic adhe- sive apparatus consisting of striae arranged in a broad oval field (in a somewhat cardiform shape vs. a more elongate, ovoid field in other congeners; Fig. 5). It further differs from G. burmanicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre) and a shorter head (22.7-27.7% SL vs. 27.6-30.8); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (ten to 12 vs. five to eight); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. becoming paler ventrally immediately under lateral line) and a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6); and from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) extensive contact with the poste- rior nuchal plate element (Fig. 7), a deeper caudal peduncle (7.1-10.6% SL vs. 5.7-7.6), and a wider head (19.3 apparatus and having a deeper body (depth at anus 14.6-20.4% SL vs. 11.4-15.8) and caudal peduncle (7.1-10.6% SL vs. ...
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... were very similar amongst MP, ML, and BI trees. As all clades utilized in BEAST followed the results of the BI analysis, only the Bayesian chrono- gram estimated in BEAST is presented here (Fig. 3). Phylogenetic trees showed that the four species studied here formed a monophyletic subclade (from node C7) with the inclusion of G. minimaculatus. Eleven nodes reflecting the divergence times of major groups were identified (Fig. 3). The upper and lower 95% confidence intervals and ESS scores are pre- sented in Table 3. From node C7 the speciation of G. zanaensis and its closely related species occurred, which happened from the late Pliocene to early Pleis- tocene (about 2.34-1.21 Mya). Diagnosis: Glyptothorax zanaensis can be distin- guished from other congeners in the upper Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Salween River drainages with a uni- formly dark-coloured body in having a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus (vs. such striae absent; Fig. 5). It further differs from G. burmanicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre) and a shorter head (23.3-26.7% SL vs. 27.6-30.8); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the pos- terior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 13 vs. five to eight); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becoming paler immediately below lateral line), having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with straight (vs. concave) anterolat- eral edges that lack (vs. with) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), more slender body and caudal peduncle (depth at anus 11.4-15.8% SL vs. 15.5-21.1; depth of caudal peduncle 5.5-7.9% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), smaller eye (diameter 6.0-9.2% HL vs. 8.6-11.7), and longer nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9- 52.9% HL vs. 25.9-34.5; length of maxillary barbel: 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 77.2-109.0); and from G. grano- sus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), shorter post-adipose distance (12.0-16.4% SL vs. 15.7-21.6), caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 18.2-23.7%), and thoracic adhesive apparatus (11.3-15.2% SL vs. 14.4- 18.0), and longer barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9- 52.9% HL vs. 22.8-34.0; length of maxillary barbel 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 76.8-98.5; length of inner man- dibular barbel 34.5-57.7% HL vs. 25.7-32.7; length of outer mandibular barbel 58.8-87.9% HL vs. 39.8- 51.4). Glyptothorax zanaensis is further distinguished from G. longicauda in having a shorter caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 17.9-24.9) and post- adipose distance (12.0-16.4% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and fewer vertebrae (38-39 vs. 39-42), from G. longinema in having a more slender body and caudal peduncle (depth at anus 11.4-15.8% SL vs. 14.6-20.4; depth of caudal peduncle 5.5-7.9% SL vs. 7.1-10.6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, a shorter caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 19.1-23.0), and longer nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9-52.9% HL vs. 18.1-33.9; length of maxillary barbel: 103.8- 161.0% HL vs. 65.8-102.8), and from G. macromacu- latus in having distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines and a shorter head (23.3-26.7% SL vs. 27.4- 34.4). It further differs from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) dark spots on the body and a smaller eye (diameter 6.0-9.2% HL vs. 10.2-12.4), Description: Biometric data in Table 4. Head depressed, body subcylindrical. Dorsal profile rising evenly from tip of snout to origin of dorsal fin, and then sloping gently ventrally from origin of dorsal fin to end of caudal peduncle. Ventral profile flat to anal-fin base, then sloping gently dorsally from anal- fin base to end of caudal peduncle. Anus and urogeni- tal openings located at vertical through middle of adpressed pelvic fin. Skin tuberculate, with tubercles uniformly arranged on sides of body; tubercles par- ticularly distinct on dorsal surface of neurocranium. Head depressed and broad, triangular when viewed laterally. Snout gently convex when viewed from above. Anterior and posterior nares separated only by base of nasal barbel. Eyes small and ovoid, horizontal axis longest, located on dorsal half of head. Gill open- ings broad, extending from directly beneath post- temporal to isthmus. Barbels in four pairs. Maxillary barbel thick, extending beyond base of last pectoral-fin ray. Nasal barbel slender, extending beyond posterior orbital margin. Inner mandibular barbel extending to middle of thoracic adhesive apparatus. Outer mandibular barbel originating posterolateral of inner mandibular barbel, extending to middle of pectoral-fin ...
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... were very similar amongst MP, ML, and BI trees. As all clades utilized in BEAST followed the results of the BI analysis, only the Bayesian chrono- gram estimated in BEAST is presented here (Fig. 3). Phylogenetic trees showed that the four species studied here formed a monophyletic subclade (from node C7) with the inclusion of G. minimaculatus. Eleven nodes reflecting the divergence times of major groups were identified (Fig. 3). The upper and lower 95% confidence intervals and ESS scores are pre- sented in Table 3. From node C7 the speciation of G. zanaensis and its closely related species occurred, which happened from the late Pliocene to early Pleis- tocene (about 2.34-1.21 Mya). Diagnosis: Glyptothorax zanaensis can be distin- guished from other congeners in the upper Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Salween River drainages with a uni- formly dark-coloured body in having a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus (vs. such striae absent; Fig. 5). It further differs from G. burmanicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre) and a shorter head (23.3-26.7% SL vs. 27.6-30.8); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the pos- terior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 13 vs. five to eight); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becoming paler immediately below lateral line), having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with straight (vs. concave) anterolat- eral edges that lack (vs. with) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), more slender body and caudal peduncle (depth at anus 11.4-15.8% SL vs. 15.5-21.1; depth of caudal peduncle 5.5-7.9% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), smaller eye (diameter 6.0-9.2% HL vs. 8.6-11.7), and longer nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9- 52.9% HL vs. 25.9-34.5; length of maxillary barbel: 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 77.2-109.0); and from G. grano- sus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), shorter post-adipose distance (12.0-16.4% SL vs. 15.7-21.6), caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 18.2-23.7%), and thoracic adhesive apparatus (11.3-15.2% SL vs. 14.4- 18.0), and longer barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9- 52.9% HL vs. 22.8-34.0; length of maxillary barbel 103.8-161.0% HL vs. 76.8-98.5; length of inner man- dibular barbel 34.5-57.7% HL vs. 25.7-32.7; length of outer mandibular barbel 58.8-87.9% HL vs. 39.8- 51.4). Glyptothorax zanaensis is further distinguished from G. longicauda in having a shorter caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 17.9-24.9) and post- adipose distance (12.0-16.4% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and fewer vertebrae (38-39 vs. 39-42), from G. longinema in having a more slender body and caudal peduncle (depth at anus 11.4-15.8% SL vs. 14.6-20.4; depth of caudal peduncle 5.5-7.9% SL vs. 7.1-10.6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, a shorter caudal peduncle (14.8-18.9% SL vs. 19.1-23.0), and longer nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 33.9-52.9% HL vs. 18.1-33.9; length of maxillary barbel: 103.8- 161.0% HL vs. 65.8-102.8), and from G. macromacu- latus in having distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines and a shorter head (23.3-26.7% SL vs. 27.4- 34.4). It further differs from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) dark spots on the body and a smaller eye (diameter 6.0-9.2% HL vs. 10.2-12.4), Description: Biometric data in Table 4. Head depressed, body subcylindrical. Dorsal profile rising evenly from tip of snout to origin of dorsal fin, and then sloping gently ventrally from origin of dorsal fin to end of caudal peduncle. Ventral profile flat to anal-fin base, then sloping gently dorsally from anal- fin base to end of caudal peduncle. Anus and urogeni- tal openings located at vertical through middle of adpressed pelvic fin. Skin tuberculate, with tubercles uniformly arranged on sides of body; tubercles par- ticularly distinct on dorsal surface of neurocranium. Head depressed and broad, triangular when viewed laterally. Snout gently convex when viewed from above. Anterior and posterior nares separated only by base of nasal barbel. Eyes small and ovoid, horizontal axis longest, located on dorsal half of head. Gill open- ings broad, extending from directly beneath post- temporal to isthmus. Barbels in four pairs. Maxillary barbel thick, extending beyond base of last pectoral-fin ray. Nasal barbel slender, extending beyond posterior orbital margin. Inner mandibular barbel extending to middle of thoracic adhesive apparatus. Outer mandibular barbel originating posterolateral of inner mandibular barbel, extending to middle of pectoral-fin ...
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... Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov. can be dis- tinguished from G. burmanicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre), a longer caudal peduncle (18.2- 23.7% SL vs. 14.8-18.7), and a shorter (23.1-26.0% SL vs. 27.6-30.8) and narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 20.0-25.7); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 13 vs. five to eight), narrower head (16.6-19.5 % SL vs. 19.5-21.7), and shorter inner and outer mandibular barbels (inner mandibular barbel: 25.7- 32.7% HL vs. 37.2-57.4; outer mandibular barbel: 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 59.2-85.7); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becom- ing paler immediately under lateral line), a triangu- lar anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygio- phores (Fig. 6), a more slender body (depth at anus 12.9-16.5% SL vs. 15.5-21.1) and caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), and smaller interorbital distance (20.4-28.8% HL vs. 28.1-34.0); and from G. longicauda in having fewer vertebrae (37-39 vs. 39-42). It differs from G. longinema in having a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 7.1-10.6), narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.3-22.9), and a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, from G. macromaculatus in having a trian- gular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygio- phores, distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus, and a shorter (23.1- 26.0% SL vs.27.4-34.4) and narrower head (16.6- 19.5% SL vs. 20.6-25.4), and from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. with) dark spots on the body and having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores. Glyptothorax granosus is distinguished from G. ngapang in having longer nasal barbel (22.8-34.0% HL vs. 14.1-23.5), from G. obliquimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) both the ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus extending onto the gular region and irregular dark blotches on the flanks and having a longer adipose-fin base (12.8-15.9% SL vs. 8.6-12.9), a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.6-9.8), and a narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.1-24.0), from G. trilinea- tus in lacking (vs. having) a distinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and from G. zanaensis in having a longer thoracic adhesive apparatus (14.4-18.0% SL vs. 11.3-15.2), post-adipose distance (15.7-21.6% SL vs. 12.0-16.4), and caudal peduncle (18.2-23.7% SL vs. 14.8-18.9), shorter barbels (length of nasal barbel 22.8-34.0% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 76.8-98.5% HL vs. 103.8-161.0; length of inner mandibular barbel 25.7-32.7% HL vs. 34.5-57.7; length of outer mandibular barbel 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 58.8-87.9), a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), and without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus (Fig. ...
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... Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov. can be dis- tinguished from G. burmanicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre), a longer caudal peduncle (18.2- 23.7% SL vs. 14.8-18.7), and a shorter (23.1-26.0% SL vs. 27.6-30.8) and narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 20.0-25.7); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 13 vs. five to eight), narrower head (16.6-19.5 % SL vs. 19.5-21.7), and shorter inner and outer mandibular barbels (inner mandibular barbel: 25.7- 32.7% HL vs. 37.2-57.4; outer mandibular barbel: 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 59.2-85.7); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becom- ing paler immediately under lateral line), a triangu- lar anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygio- phores (Fig. 6), a more slender body (depth at anus 12.9-16.5% SL vs. 15.5-21.1) and caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), and smaller interorbital distance (20.4-28.8% HL vs. 28.1-34.0); and from G. longicauda in having fewer vertebrae (37-39 vs. 39-42). It differs from G. longinema in having a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 7.1-10.6), narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.3-22.9), and a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, from G. macromaculatus in having a trian- gular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygio- phores, distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus, and a shorter (23.1- 26.0% SL vs.27.4-34.4) and narrower head (16.6- 19.5% SL vs. 20.6-25.4), and from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. with) dark spots on the body and having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores. Glyptothorax granosus is distinguished from G. ngapang in having longer nasal barbel (22.8-34.0% HL vs. 14.1-23.5), from G. obliquimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) both the ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus extending onto the gular region and irregular dark blotches on the flanks and having a longer adipose-fin base (12.8-15.9% SL vs. 8.6-12.9), a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.6-9.8), and a narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.1-24.0), from G. trilinea- tus in lacking (vs. having) a distinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and from G. zanaensis in having a longer thoracic adhesive apparatus (14.4-18.0% SL vs. 11.3-15.2), post-adipose distance (15.7-21.6% SL vs. 12.0-16.4), and caudal peduncle (18.2-23.7% SL vs. 14.8-18.9), shorter barbels (length of nasal barbel 22.8-34.0% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 76.8-98.5% HL vs. 103.8-161.0; length of inner mandibular barbel 25.7-32.7% HL vs. 34.5-57.7; length of outer mandibular barbel 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 58.8-87.9), a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), and without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus (Fig. ...
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... Glyptothorax granosus sp. nov. can be dis- tinguished from G. burmanicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre), a longer caudal peduncle (18.2- 23.7% SL vs. 14.8-18.7), and a shorter (23.1-26.0% SL vs. 27.6-30.8) and narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 20.0-25.7); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 13 vs. five to eight), narrower head (16.6-19.5 % SL vs. 19.5-21.7), and shorter inner and outer mandibular barbels (inner mandibular barbel: 25.7- 32.7% HL vs. 37.2-57.4; outer mandibular barbel: 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 59.2-85.7); from G. fucatus in having a uniformly coloured lateral surface of the body (vs. lateral surface of the body ventrally becom- ing paler immediately under lateral line), a triangu- lar anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygio- phores (Fig. 6), a more slender body (depth at anus 12.9-16.5% SL vs. 15.5-21.1) and caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.2-11.1), and smaller interorbital distance (20.4-28.8% HL vs. 28.1-34.0); and from G. longicauda in having fewer vertebrae (37-39 vs. 39-42). It differs from G. longinema in having a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 7.1-10.6), narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.3-22.9), and a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, from G. macromaculatus in having a trian- gular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygio- phores, distally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus, and a shorter (23.1- 26.0% SL vs.27.4-34.4) and narrower head (16.6- 19.5% SL vs. 20.6-25.4), and from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. with) dark spots on the body and having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores. Glyptothorax granosus is distinguished from G. ngapang in having longer nasal barbel (22.8-34.0% HL vs. 14.1-23.5), from G. obliquimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) both the ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus extending onto the gular region and irregular dark blotches on the flanks and having a longer adipose-fin base (12.8-15.9% SL vs. 8.6-12.9), a more slender caudal peduncle (5.7-7.6% SL vs. 8.6-9.8), and a narrower head (16.6-19.5% SL vs. 19.1-24.0), from G. trilinea- tus in lacking (vs. having) a distinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and from G. zanaensis in having a longer thoracic adhesive apparatus (14.4-18.0% SL vs. 11.3-15.2), post-adipose distance (15.7-21.6% SL vs. 12.0-16.4), and caudal peduncle (18.2-23.7% SL vs. 14.8-18.9), shorter barbels (length of nasal barbel 22.8-34.0% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 76.8-98.5% HL vs. 103.8-161.0; length of inner mandibular barbel 25.7-32.7% HL vs. 34.5-57.7; length of outer mandibular barbel 39.8-51.4% HL vs. 58.8-87.9), a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with (vs. without) saddle-shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), and without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus (Fig. ...
Context 16
... Known from the upper Salween River (Nujiang) drainage (Fig. 7) Etymology: The specific epithet granosus is Latin, meaning 'full of grain', in allusion to the appearance suggested by the prominent tubercles in the juveniles of this species. Used as an adjective. Diagnosis: Glyptothorax fucatus sp. nov. can be dis- tinguished from other congeners in the upper Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Salween River drainages with the lateral surface of the body ventrally becom- ing paler immediately below lateral line (vs. lateral surface uniformly coloured, with vertical maculates, or with dark spots). It further differs from G. bur- manicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre), a deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.5-8.7), shorter head (21.7-25.6% SL vs. 27.6-30.8), and larger eye (diam- eter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 5.5-9.1); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 12 vs. five to eight) and a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 13.5- 15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.7-8.5); from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddle- shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 12.9-16.5) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.7-7.6) and a larger interorbital distance (28.1- 34.0% SL vs. 20.4-28.8); and from G. longicauda in having a shorter postadipose distance (13.5-18.7% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and deeper body (depth at anus 15.5- 21.1% SL vs. 11.0-16.9) and caudal peduncle (8.2- 11.1% SL vs. 5.7-8.4). It differs from G. longinema in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, and deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.9-8.8), from G. macromaculatus in having dis- tally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus, and shorter head (21.7-25.6% SL vs. 27.4-34.4), and from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) dark spots on the body, having a trian- gular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) exten- sive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element, and a deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 7.4- 7.9). Glyptothorax fucatus is distinguished from G. ngapang in having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.2-16.4) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.3-7.4), from G. obliquimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) both the ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus extending onto the gular region and irregular dark blotches on the flanks and having a longer adipose-fin base (12.8-16.7% SL vs. 8.6- 12.9), from G. trilineatus in lacking (vs. with) a dis- tinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 10.1- 16.2), and from G. zanaensis in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) exten- sive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.4-15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.5-7.9), larger eye (diameter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 6.0- 9.2), and shorter nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 25.9-34.5% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 77.2-109.0% HL vs. ...
Context 17
... Known from the upper Salween River (Nujiang) drainage (Fig. 7) Etymology: The specific epithet granosus is Latin, meaning 'full of grain', in allusion to the appearance suggested by the prominent tubercles in the juveniles of this species. Used as an adjective. Diagnosis: Glyptothorax fucatus sp. nov. can be dis- tinguished from other congeners in the upper Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Salween River drainages with the lateral surface of the body ventrally becom- ing paler immediately below lateral line (vs. lateral surface uniformly coloured, with vertical maculates, or with dark spots). It further differs from G. bur- manicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre), a deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.5-8.7), shorter head (21.7-25.6% SL vs. 27.6-30.8), and larger eye (diam- eter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 5.5-9.1); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 12 vs. five to eight) and a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 13.5- 15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.7-8.5); from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddle- shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 12.9-16.5) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.7-7.6) and a larger interorbital distance (28.1- 34.0% SL vs. 20.4-28.8); and from G. longicauda in having a shorter postadipose distance (13.5-18.7% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and deeper body (depth at anus 15.5- 21.1% SL vs. 11.0-16.9) and caudal peduncle (8.2- 11.1% SL vs. 5.7-8.4). It differs from G. longinema in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, and deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.9-8.8), from G. macromaculatus in having dis- tally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus, and shorter head (21.7-25.6% SL vs. 27.4-34.4), and from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) dark spots on the body, having a trian- gular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) exten- sive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element, and a deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 7.4- 7.9). Glyptothorax fucatus is distinguished from G. ngapang in having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.2-16.4) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.3-7.4), from G. obliquimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) both the ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus extending onto the gular region and irregular dark blotches on the flanks and having a longer adipose-fin base (12.8-16.7% SL vs. 8.6- 12.9), from G. trilineatus in lacking (vs. with) a dis- tinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 10.1- 16.2), and from G. zanaensis in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) exten- sive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.4-15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.5-7.9), larger eye (diameter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 6.0- 9.2), and shorter nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 25.9-34.5% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 77.2-109.0% HL vs. ...
Context 18
... Known from the upper Salween River (Nujiang) drainage (Fig. 7) Etymology: The specific epithet granosus is Latin, meaning 'full of grain', in allusion to the appearance suggested by the prominent tubercles in the juveniles of this species. Used as an adjective. Diagnosis: Glyptothorax fucatus sp. nov. can be dis- tinguished from other congeners in the upper Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Salween River drainages with the lateral surface of the body ventrally becom- ing paler immediately below lateral line (vs. lateral surface uniformly coloured, with vertical maculates, or with dark spots). It further differs from G. bur- manicus in having the depressed area in the thoracic adhesive apparatus not wholly enclosed by ridges (vs. ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus enclosing an ovoid depressed region in the centre), a deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.5-8.7), shorter head (21.7-25.6% SL vs. 27.6-30.8), and larger eye (diam- eter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 5.5-9.1); from G. deqinensis in having more serrations on the posterior edge of the pectoral spine (nine to 12 vs. five to eight) and a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 13.5- 15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.7-8.5); from G. granosus in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element without (vs. with) saddle- shaped lateral expansions of the pterygiophores (Fig. 6), a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 12.9-16.5) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.7-7.6) and a larger interorbital distance (28.1- 34.0% SL vs. 20.4-28.8); and from G. longicauda in having a shorter postadipose distance (13.5-18.7% SL vs. 18.2-23.0), and deeper body (depth at anus 15.5- 21.1% SL vs. 11.0-16.9) and caudal peduncle (8.2- 11.1% SL vs. 5.7-8.4). It differs from G. longinema in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) extensive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), from G. longjiangensis in having small, conical tubercles (vs. large plaques bearing unculiferous ridges) on the dorsal surface of the head, and deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 6.9-8.8), from G. macromaculatus in having dis- tally expanded (vs. pointed) neural spines, without (vs. with) a diverging pattern of striae running along the edges of the median depression in the thoracic adhesive apparatus, and shorter head (21.7-25.6% SL vs. 27.4-34.4), and from G. minimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) dark spots on the body, having a trian- gular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) exten- sive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element, and a deeper caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 7.4- 7.9). Glyptothorax fucatus is distinguished from G. ngapang in having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.2-16.4) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.3-7.4), from G. obliquimaculatus in lacking (vs. having) both the ridges of the thoracic adhesive apparatus extending onto the gular region and irregular dark blotches on the flanks and having a longer adipose-fin base (12.8-16.7% SL vs. 8.6- 12.9), from G. trilineatus in lacking (vs. with) a dis- tinct pale midlateral line on the flank, and having a deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 10.1- 16.2), and from G. zanaensis in having a triangular anterior nuchal plate element with concave (vs. straight) anterolateral edges with (vs. without) exten- sive contact with the posterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 6), deeper body (depth at anus 15.5-21.1% SL vs. 11.4-15.8) and caudal peduncle (8.2-11.1% SL vs. 5.5-7.9), larger eye (diameter 8.6-11.7% HL vs. 6.0- 9.2), and shorter nasal and maxillary barbels (length of nasal barbel 25.9-34.5% HL vs. 33.9-52.9; length of maxillary barbel 77.2-109.0% HL vs. ...
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Citations
... Data for comparisons were taken from Ganguly et al. (1972) for G. nelsoni; Jiang et al. (2012) and Ng and Kullander (2013) for G. longicauda, G. longjiangensis and G. minimaculatus;Ng et al. (2012) for G. dorsalis; Ng and Kottelat (2008) for G. rugimentum;and Ng and Kullander (2013) Diagnosis. Glyptothorax primusplicae can be distinguished from all congeners in the Chindwin-Irrawaddy drainage by the presence (vs absence) of plicae on the ventral surface of the pectoral-fin spine and on the first pelvic-fin ray. ...
Glyptothorax primusplicae, sp. n., is described from the Pamtujang
River, a tributary of the Chakpi River, Chindwin basin in Manipur,
India. It is diagnosable by the following combination of characteristics: the presence of plicae on the ventral surface of the pectoral fin spine and on the first pelvic-fin ray; the dorsal fin located nearer to the tip of the snout than to the adipose fin origin; a nasal barbel reaching the anterior margin of the orbit and the presence of three stripes on the body. This species is the first possessing plicae on the paired fins in the Chindwin-Irrawaddy River drainage.
... Remarks.-For a comprehensive morphological comparison of G. longinema to the uniformly dark-bodied congeners in the upper Salween and Mekong Rivers, see Jiang et al. (2012). ...
... trilineatus on the phylogeny, the apparently undescribed Salween species was previously reported as G. trilineatus (Ng and Kottelat, 2008: fig. 5d;Jiang et al., 2012) but is shown to be genetically distinct from G. trilineatus topotype sequences from the Sittang River. ...
... Glyptothorax longinema was recovered as sister to G. granosus in the Salween River, as reported by Jiang et al. (2012). Sequence data were generated for G. dorsalis from the Salween River and included for the first time in a phylogeny alongside the ten other Salween congeners, adding molecular support to the high number of species of Glyptothorax reported from that drainage . ...
Five species of Glyptothorax are identified from the Mae Klong River basin in western Thailand, only one of which, G. buchanani, was previously reported from the basin; others are G. lampris, G. longinema, G. platypogonides, and G. schmidti. The morphological differences delineating species of Glyptothorax in the Mae Klong were visualized using principal component analysis of data taken from 105 specimens, and the latitudinal range and number of river basins over which all occur were found to be greater than previously recognized. Glyptothorax platypogonides, recently thought to range only as far north as peninsular Thailand, occurs in the Mae Klong and Chao Phraya basins in western and northern Thailand. Glyptothorax schmidti, thought to occur only as far north as the Tanintharyi River, Myanmar, was found to be much more wide-ranging, with the inclusion of populations in the Mae Klong, Chao Phraya, and Mekong River basins. Glyptothorax longinema was found to occur outside of China in lower portions of the Salween River basin and in the Mae Klong basin. The presence of G. lampris in the Chao Phraya is questioned and its southern distributional limit was extended to the Tapi River basin. Phylogenetic reconstruction of COI sequence data for 127 individuals from across Southeast Asia revealed strong BI and ML support for recognition of 14 species in Thailand and suggested deep-rooted clades that are discussed as corresponding broadly to body coloration. Glyptothorax callopterus was found to be genetically distinct from G. fuscus and is resurrected from synonymy. A key to all species of Glyptothorax in Thailand is provided.
... Glyptothorax zanaensis was described from the Salween (Nujiang) River drainage in China (Wu et al. 1981), and the similarity in colour pattern between it and G. irroratus is one reason, among others, why the two were previously thought to be conspecific (see chresonymy). However, the specimens we examined and the redescription of G. zanaensis by Jiang et al. (2012) indicates that this species does not possess tubercles of unequal sizes on the flanks as seen in G. irroratus. Furthermore, G. zanaensis possesses anteromedial striae in the TAA (vs absent in G. irroratus). ...
Glyptothorax irroratus, a new species of sisorid catfish from the Mekong River drainage in Laos and China, is described. It differs from its Indochinese congeners in having both large and small tubercles arranged irregularly on the lateral surfaces of the body and by combinations of colour pattern, morphometry (with particular regards to the eye, body depth, adipose fin and caudal peduncle) and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology.
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1031A8CE-F51D-4954-A812-14EE132371BA
... Type specimens are deposited in the Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata (ZSI). Data for comparisons were taken from Arunkumar & Moyon (2017) for G. chavomensis;Jiang et al. (2012) and for G. longicauda G. longjiangensis & G. minimaculatus; Ng & Lalramliana (2012) for G. maceriatus; Darshan et al. (2015) for G. mibangi; Hora (1921) Diagnosis. Glyptothorax yuensis can be distinguished from all congeners in the Chindwin drainage in having the posterior insertion of the adipose fin is at a point two-thirds (vs. ...
Glyptothorax yuensis, new species, is described from the Yu River, Sagaing division, Myanmar. It is characteristic in having a shallow adipose fin acutely incised at the posterior extremity of its base with an elongated pointed tip, adipose-fin base length 7.6-10.0 % SL; short nasal barbel, not extending to anterior margin of orbit; thoracic adhesive apparatus present with a conical-shaped median depression opening caudally, its length 11.7-13.0% SL and width 8.2-10.1% SL, anteromedial striae present; deep caudal peduncle, its depth 9.4-11.0 % SL; and two thin yellowish stripes on the body. A key to the species of the genus of Chindwin drainage is provided.
... A literature search on the taxonomy of fish species in the upper and middle portions of the Mekong River, included papers from the 1980s to 2021. The main representative references include Rainboth (1991Rainboth ( , 1996, Kottelat (2000), Rainboth et al. (2012), Li et al. (2007, Jiang et al. (2012), Li and Zhou (2018), and Kottelat (2020). A total of 214 studies were retrieved from a literature search (Supplementary references); therefore, all studies cannot be listed here in full due to the space limitation. ...
Studies on fish fauna should not only focus on fish composition and the comparison of fish composition among the study region and adjacent regions, but should also explore the origin and uniqueness of different taxa as well as the substitution of genera and species. In this study, the value of floristic presence method was modified and renamed the Value of Fish Fauna Presence (VFFP) method. The specific steps of the VFFP method and the Traditional Fish Fauna Analysis (TFFA) method were refined and standardized. Then, the VFFP and TFFA methods were applied to study the fish fauna of the upper and middle portions of the Mekong River basin. The results indicate that the TFFA method reflects the families (subfamilies) and genera that constitute the main body of fish in the studied river basin. The results of the VFFP method show which families (subfamilies) and genera are representative for the basin. Therefore, combining the TFFA and VFFP methods to analyze the composition of fish fauna can reflect the characteristics of fish fauna from different perspectives. The case study shows that the fish fauna of the Mekong River is a part of the fish fauna of Southeast Asia. Although it shows some similarities to the composition of South Asian fish fauna, it does not belong to the South Asian fish fauna as a whole, and is essentially different from the East Asian fish fauna. This study provides an objective, quantitative, and verifiable method for studying fish fauna. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
... Principal component analysis is a dimension reduction technique that used to describe the relations between several response variables and explain the total variation in the data (Abbas and Wasin., 2019). To date, PCA has been widely used in aquatic area, such as aquatic ecosystem (Uddameri et al., 2014), aquatic nutrition (Casu et al., 2017;Gammanpila et al., 2017), morphological analysis (Jiang et al., 2012;Li et al., 2015). It is useful when the variables under study are highly correlated. ...
... (2012), Ng (2002Ng ( , 2004Ng ( , 2009), Ng và Freyhof (2001, Ng và Kottelat. (2000, Ng và Tan (2007) [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]; Lươn và các loài họ cá Lóc Các mẫu cá chưa xác định được loài bằng hình thái thì phân tích DNA (gen COI) để xác định. ...
Investing in biodiversity conservation along river catchments is a cost-effective nature-based solution to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and the richness of biodiversity for all, with many co-benefits for the other sustainable development goals. The need for further exploration and conservation assessments of central coast inland fish fauna coincides with expanding threats to freshwater resources from flow alteration and water diversion, increased sediment load, introduced species, overfishing and habitat loss. Meanwhile, single discipline approach of former studies on inland fish fauna of Northern Annamite Range are ambiguous taxonomy and no information on phylogenetic relationships and geographic distribution. Therefore, our surveys were conducted to revise the fish fauna of central coast provided with their phylogenetic relationship and geographic distribution from 2013 to 2019. Evolutionary relationships and phylogenetic were analyzed for fish species by using several mitochondrial and nuclear genomes as COI, Cyto b, 16S rRNA, ATPase 6-8, RAG1, and delineated factors of fish distribution were inferred. Updating scientific names, phylogenetic, and endemism were integrated from this study and modified global fish phylogenetic data. Total 157 indigenous species, belonging to 118 genera, 61 families, 23 orders were identified from 859 specimens collected in 20 sampling sites. Scientific name of 11 species were corrected. Fish fauna was subgrouped into four units based on their zoogeography: 20 species sharing the Mekong River, 42 species sharing the Red River, and 65 species sharing the Indo-Western Pacific Sea. The Northern Annam freshwater ecoregion has 30 endemic species, so about 32% of all primary species occur. The Northern Annam rivers share part of its primary species about 46% with the Song Hong and about 20% with the Mekong river. The Northern Annam freshwater ecoregion extends to the south and reaches the An Lao - Lai Giang river, Binh Dinh province.
... While diagnosing Chinese Glyptothorax, Mo & Chu (1986) considered the nuchal-plate elements a significant systematic character. Recently, Jiang et al. (2012) distinguished among species usually misiden-tified as G. zanaensis using the shape of the nuchal-plate elements. The new species, G. gopii, exhibits prominent plicate ventral surfaces of the pectoral-fin spine and the first pelvic-fin ray, and a characteristic axe-shaped saddle demarcating the anterior nuchal plate element (Fig. 2a). ...
Glyptothorax gopii, a new sisorid catfish, is described from the Kaladan River drainage in Mizoram, northeast India. It is distinguished from its congeners in the Indian subcontinent by the combination of the following characters: an axe-shaped anterior nuchal plate element extensively in contact with the posterior nuchal plate, plicae present on the ventral surfaces of the pectoral-fin spine and outer rays of pelvic-fin rays, an elliptical thoracic adhesive apparatus, the nasal barbel not reaching the anterior margin of the eye, tuberculate skin, and two pale cream longitudinal stripes on the body. Glyptothorax alaknandi is considered a valid species.
... Glyptothorax species have restricted distributions, either being restricted to a single river drainage or found in only a few (usually two or three) adjacent river drainages (Jiang et al., 2012;Ng & Kottelat, 2016). Because of this, it is only necessary to compare the Glyptothorax from the Bolaven Plateau with species found in Indochina (in the zoogeographic sense, from the Salween River drainage eastwards to the Red River drainage). ...
... G. zanaensis: Data from Jiang et al. (2012). ...
Glyptothorax forabilis, new species, and G. porrectus, new species, are described from the Bolaven Plateau in southern Laos. Both species closely resemble G. laosensis, but can be distinguished from it and other Indochinese congeners by combinations of color pattern, morphometry (with particular regards to the eye, body depth, and caudal peduncle) and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology. Both species are endemic to the Bolaven Plateau, have a very limited distribution and are threatened by hydropower and agricultural activities.
... Despite the recent spate of studies on Glyptothorax taxonomy (e.g. Vishwanath & Linthoingambi, 2007;Rameshori & Vishwanath, 2012Jiang et al., 2012;Javed et al., 2013), little attention has been paid to the species of Sundaic Southeast Asia. Our study addresses this deficiency by revising the Glyptothorax of Sundaic Southeast Asia, based on the examinations of relevant type material and material collected for nearly three decades of extensive field surveys by the authors and associates. ...
... Rheophilic species such as many sisorid catfishes and loaches have been shown to have restricted distributions, usually within a single river drainage or across a few adjacent river drainages (e.g. Kottelat, 1990Kottelat, , 1998Kottelat, , 2000Kottelat, , 2001Jiang et al., 2012). It is therefore logical to restrict comparisons of the species treated here to a circumscribed geographic area (in this case Sundaic Southeast Asia). ...
The species of Glyptothorax of Sundaic Southeast Asia (Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Java) are revised in this study. A total of 17 species are recognized, of which six (G. amnestus, G. decussatus, G. famelicus, G. keluk, G. pictus and G. stibaros) are described as new here. A lectotype is designated for G. platypogon. The Sundaic Glyptothorax species are diagnosed by combinations of color pattern, morphometry (with particular regard to the eye, head, body depth, and caudal peduncle), dorsal-spine and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology.
