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Diversity of endophytic bacteria composition of cultivable endophytes (a -Percent of cultivable endophytes on Genus level on the whole; b -Comparison of Genus level distributions for the 6 samples).
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Dendrobium is known for its pharmacological actions including anti-cancer effect, anti-fatigue effect, gastric ulcer protective effect, and so on. At present, only studies on endophytic fungi of Dendrobium affecting the metabolites of host plants have been reported, very little research has been done on endophytic bacteria. In this study, we have d...
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... 20 genera were dominated by Curtobacterium (44%) and Bacillus (18%). Except the predominant genera mentioned above, rare reported endophytic genera such as Rouxiella, Rummeliibacillus, Kytococcus were also appeared (Fig. 4a). Predominant endophytic bacteria for Dendrobium stems showed a slightly different result: the results showed that Bacillus (40.00%) and Lysinibacillus (40.00%) were predominant in YTong, while Bacillus (50.00%) was predominant in HTong. Curtobacterium (56.70%) was predominant in YTie, while Bacillus (50.00%) was predominant in HTie, ...
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... (50.00%) was predominant in HTong. Curtobacterium (56.70%) was predominant in YTie, while Bacillus (50.00%) was predominant in HTie, which harbored very low-abundant endophytes compared to YTie. Interestingly, Curtobacterium (44.44%) was dominated in YM, while Bacillus (31.25%) was common in HM, this phenomenon is similar to YTie and HTie (Fig. ...
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... the assay of ethyl acetate extracts of the supernatant, only NA-HTong-7 showed antimicrobial activity against all three phytopathogens, and its inhibitory activity was better than the 70% Mancozeb (750 fold dilution) ( Supplementary Fig. S4). While other strains showed inhibition activity against at least one of the pathogenic fungi, except YIM-YTie-17 and RH-YTie-25 which showed no activity to any of the phytopathogens. ...
Citations
... Most of endophytes are in "viable but non-culturable" for undiscovered growth requirement, which could not be separated and studied by the culturable method, while, possessed potential environmental functions, such as degradation, flocculation, etc. (Su et al. 2013). For example, Wang et al. (2019) isolated 20 genera of endophytic bacteria using culture-dependent method and Curtobacterium displayed the most relative abundance, but identified 373 bacterial genera by culture-independent method and Rhodococcus was the most dominant taxon. It suggested that to understand the endophytic community comprehensively, combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods is necessary. ...
Seed endophytes played a crucial role on host plants stress tolerance and heavy metal (HM) accumulation. Dysphania ambrosioides is a hyperaccumulator and showed strong tolerance and extraordinary accumulation capacities of multiple HMs. However, little is known about its seed endophytes response to field HM-contamination, and its role on host plants HM tolerance and accumulation. In this study, the seed endophytic community of D. ambrosioides from HM-contaminated area (H) and non-contaminated area (N) were investigated by both culture-dependent and independent methods. Moreover, Cd tolerance and the plant growth promoting (PGP) traits of dominant endophytes from site H and N were evaluated. The results showed that in both studies, HM-contamination reduced the diversity and richness of endophytic community and changed the most dominant endophyte, but increased resistant species abundance. By functional trait assessments, a great number of dominant endophytes displayed multiple PGP traits and Cd tolerance. Interestingly, soil HM-contamination significantly increased the percentage of Cd tolerance isolates of Agrobacterium and Epicoccum, but significantly decreased the ration of Agrobacterium with the siderophore production ability. However, the other PGP traits of isolates from site H and N showed no significant difference. Therefore, it was suggested that D. ambrosioides might improve its HM tolerance and accumulation through harboring more HM-resistant endophytes rather than PGP endophytes, but to prove this, more work need to be conducted in the future.
... However, the impact of VTM mining on local plants and microorganisms has not been determined. Endophytic bacteria, which are present in healthy plant tissues, are essential microbial-plant symbionts and valuable microbial resources that do not pose a significant threat to the host [20][21][22][23]. Multiple studies have proven that a high quantity of endophytic bacteria can live within plant tissues, developing a variety of mutually beneficial symbiotic partnerships [24][25][26]. ...
This study utilized 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the community structure and function of endophytic bacteria within the roots of three plant species in the vanadium–titanium–magnetite (VTM) mining area. The findings indicated that mining activities of VTM led to a notable decrease in both the biodiversity and abundance of endophytic bacteria within the root systems of Eleusine indica and Carex (p < 0.05). Significant reductions were observed in the populations of Nocardioides, concurrently with substantial increments in the populations of Pseudomonas (p < 0.05), indicating that Pseudomonas has a strong adaptability to this environmental stress. In addition, β diversity analysis revealed divergence in the endophytic bacterial communities within the roots of E. indica and Carex from the VTM mining area, which had diverged to adapt to the environmental stress caused by mining activity. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that VTM mining led to an increase in polymyxin resistance, nicotinate degradation I, and glucose degradation (oxidative) (p < 0.05). Interestingly, we found that VTM mining did not notably alter the endophytic bacterial communities or functions in the root systems of Dodonaea viscosa, indicating that this plant can adapt well to environmental stress. This study represents the primary investigation into the influence of VTM mining activities on endophytic bacterial communities and the functions of nearby plant roots, providing further insight into the impact of VTM mining activities on the ecological environment.
... JC-J7 obtained from D. nobile [16]. Additionally, 165 endophytic bacteria were isolated from sterilized Dendrobium stems, out of which 14 exhibited antibacterial activity against plant pathogens [17]. The long-term co-evolution between endophytes and their hosts plays a pivotal role in the growth and reproduction of D. nobile, and recent focus has been directed toward specific metabolites as researchers endeavor to explore novel natural bioactive products. ...
... As an important member of the Dendrobium genus, D. nobile has been listed in the Chinese pharmacopoeia, and its endophyte species are providing more strain resources to study the interaction between endophytes and plants and the function of endophyte metabolites. At present, the mining of endophyte resources from D. nobile is primarily focused on endophytic fungi, while research on endophytic bacteria is scarce [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. ...
... Dendrobine, an important medicinal component extracted from Dendrobium, exhibits various pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antifatigue, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, as well as nervous system protection effects [23,24]. Studies have demonstrated that Dendrobium plants are inseparable from the role of endophytes during the growth process [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Beneficial endophytes have been found in D. nobile, D. officinale and D. moniliforme. ...
Dendrobium is a rich source of high-value natural components. Endophytic fungi are well studied, yet bacteria research is limited. In this study, endophytic bacteria from Dendrobium nobile were isolated using an improved method, showing inhibition of pathogens and growth promotion. JC-3jx, identified as Paenibacillus peoriae, exhibited significant inhibitory activity against tested fungi and bacteria, including Escherichia coli. JC-3jx also promoted corn seed rooting and Dendrobium growth, highlighting its excellent biocontrol and growth-promoting potential.
... Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) dates back thousands of years, and D. catenatum is regarded as the first of the nine great immortal herbs for its high medicinal value [20,21]. Many Dendrobium species, including D. nobile, D. fimbriatum, D. loddigesii, and D. catenatum, have long been used as a TCM to treat chronic diseases, making a significant contribution to public health and promoting TCM development, as it has antibacterial and antiaging properties [22][23][24]. As of 2022, the industrial cultivation of D. catenatum in China surpassed 30,000 hectares, contributing to a comprehensive output value exceeding CNY 50 billion [21]. ...
Many Dendrobium species, which hold a high status and value in traditional Chinese medicine, grow on barks and rocks in the wild, often encountering harsh environments and facing droughts. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the shift in the photosynthetic pathway induced by drought remain unclear. To address this issue, three Dendrobium species with different photosynthetic pathways were selected for sequencing and transcriptome data analysis after drought treatment. The findings included 134.43 GB of sequencing data, with numerous Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) exhibiting different response mechanisms under drought stress. Gene Ontology (GO)–KEGG-based enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that metabolic pathways contributed to drought tolerance and alterations in photosynthetic pathways. Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC) was subjected to phylogenetic tree construction, sequence alignment, and domain analysis. Under drought stress, variations were observed in the PEPC gene structure and expression among different Dendrobium species; the upregulation of Dc_gene2609 expression may be caused by dof-miR-384, which resulted in the shift from C3 photosynthesis to CAM, thereby improving drought tolerance in Dendrobium. This study revealed the expression patterns and roles of PEPC genes in enhancing plant drought tolerance and will provide an important basis for in-depth research on Dendrobium’s adaptation mechanisms in arid environments.
... In addition, there are also many microbial resources in dendrobium. Wang et al. [19] isolated and cultured endophytic bacteria from Dendrobium officinale samples of six different sources and cultivars. A total of 165 cultivable endophytic bacteria were isolated from sterilized Dendrobium officinale stems and classified into 43 species based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, of which 14 strains had anti-plant-pathogenic activity. ...
With the increasing demand for medicinal plants and the increasing shortage of resources, improving the quality and yield of medicinal plants and making more effective use of medicinal plants has become an urgent problem to be solved. During the growth of medicinal plants, various adversities can lead to nutrient loss and yield decline. Using traditional chemical pesticides to control the stress resistance of plants will cause serious pollution to the environment and even endanger human health. Therefore, it is necessary to find suitable pesticide substitutes from natural ingredients. As an important part of the microecology of medicinal plants, endophytes can promote the growth of medicinal plants, improve the stress tolerance of hosts, and promote the accumulation of active components of hosts. Endophytes have a more positive and direct impact on the host and can metabolize rich medicinal ingredients, so researchers pay attention to them. This paper reviews the research in the past five years, aiming to provide ideas for improving the quality of medicinal plants, developing more microbial resources, exploring more medicinal natural products, and providing help for the development of research on medicinal plants and endophytes.
... The present study demonstrated that the tea chrysanthemum microbiome differed across cultivars, consistent with previous reports in soybeans, ginseng (Panax ginseng), and Dendrobium [27,28,29]. Meanwhile, both bacterial and fungal community compositions shifted more across cultivars than across organs among the tested tea chrysanthemum samples, indicating that cultivar specificity is a strong selective force for microbial communities. ...
... The present study demonstrated that the tea chrysanthemum microbiome differed across cultivars, consistent with previous reports in soybeans, ginseng (Panax ginseng), and Dendrobium [27][28][29]. Meanwhile, both bacterial and fungal community compositions shifted more across cultivars than across organs among the tested tea chrysanthemum samples, indicating that cultivar specificity is a strong selective force for microbial commu-nities. ...
The endophytic microbiomes significantly differed across tea chrysanthemum cultivars and organs (stems and leaves). The most abundant endophytic bacterial genera were Pseudomonas, Masillia, and Enterobacter in the leaves and Sphingomonas and Curtobacterium in the stems of the five cultivars. Meanwhile, the most abundant endophytic fungal genera in the leaves and stems of the five tea chrysanthemums were Alternaria, Cladosporium, and Sporobolomyces. Specifically, Rhodotorula was dominant in the leaves of ‘Jinsi huangjv’ and Paraphoma was dominant in the stems of ‘Jinsi huangjv’. In all cultivars, the diversity and richness of endophytic bacteria were higher in leaves than in stems (p < 0.05). The highest diversity and richness of endophytic bacteria were recorded in ‘Chujv’, followed by ‘Jinsi huangjv’, ‘Fubai jv’, ‘Nannong jinjv’, and ‘Hangbai jv’. Meanwhile, endophytic fungi were less pronounced. Twenty-seven and 15 cultivable endophytic bacteria and fungi were isolated, four isolated endophytic bacteria, namely, CJY1 (Bacillus oryzaecorticis), CY2 (Pseudomonas psychrotolerans), JSJ7, and JSJ17 (Enterobacter cloacae) showed higher indole acetic acid production ability. Further field studies indicated that inoculation of these four endophytic bacteria not only promoted plant growth and yield but also increased total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, and 3,5-dicoffeylquinic acid levels in the dry flowers of tea chrysanthemums.
... In addition, there are also many microbial resources in Dendrobium. Wang et al. [19] isolated and cultured endophytic bacteria from Dendrobium officinale samples of six different sources and cultivars. A total of 165 cultivable endophytic bacteria were isolated from sterilized Dendrobium officinale stems and classified into 43 species based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. ...
With the increasing demand for medicinal plants and the increasing shortage of resources, improving the quality and yield of medicinal plants and making more effective use of medicinal plants has become an urgent problem to be solved. In the process of growth and development of medicinal plants, due to the threat of various adversity, there are problems such as nutrient loss and yield decline. Using traditional chemical pesticides to control the stress resistance of plants will cause serious pollution to the environment and even endanger human health. Therefore, it is necessary to find suitable pesticide substitutes from natural ingredients. As an important part of the microecology of medicinal plants, endophytes can promote the growth of medicinal plants, improve the stress resistance of hosts, and promote the accumulation of active components of hosts. Because it has a more positive and direct impact on the host, and can metabolize rich medicinal ingredients, so researchers pay attention to it. This paper reviews the research in recent five years, aiming to provide ideas for improving the quality of medicinal plants, developing more microbial resources, exploring more medicinal natural products, and providing help for the development of the research on medicinal plants and endophytes.
... Furthermore, an increase in CO 2 concentration in wheat resulted in an elevation of Pseudomonas proportion from 82% to 90.32% [46]. Proteobacteria endophytes have demonstrated remarkable effects in respect of plant stress resistance, growth promotion, soil modification, etc. [11,47,48]. These findings present a reference for the potential screening of growth-promoting endophytes in the latter stage of this study. ...
Taxus spp. are ancient tree species that have survived from the Quaternary glacier period, and their metabolites, such as taxol, have been used as anticancer drugs globally. Plant–endophytic microbial interaction plays a crucial role in exerting a profound impact on host growth and secondary metabolite synthesis. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was employed to explore endophytic microbial diversity in the roots, stems, and leaves of the Taxus yunnanensis (T. yunnanensis). The analysis revealed some dominant genera of endophytic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Neorhizobium, Acidovorax, and Flavobacterium, with Cladosporium, Phyllosticta, Fusarium, and Codinaeopsis as prominent endophytic fungi genera. We isolated 108 endophytic bacteria and 27 endophytic fungi from roots, stems, and leaves. In vitro assays were utilized to screen for endophytic bacteria with growth-promoting capabilities, including IAA production, cellulase, siderophore production, protease and ACC deaminase activity, inorganic phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Three promising strains, Kocuria sp. TRI2-1, Micromonospora sp. TSI4-1, and Sphingomonas sp. MG-2, were selected based on their superior growth-promotion characteristics. These strains exhibited preferable plant growth promotion when applied to Arabidopsis thaliana growth. Fermentation broths of these three strains were also found to significantly promote the accumulation of taxanes in T. yunnanensis stem cells, among which strain TSI4-1 demonstrated outstanding increase potentials, with an effective induction of taxol, baccatin III, and 10-DAB contents. After six days of treatment, the contents of these metabolites were 3.28 times, 2.23 times, and 2.17 times the initial amounts, reaching 8720, 331, and 371 ng/g of dry weight of stem cells, respectively. These findings present new insight into the industrialization of taxol production through Taxus stem cell fermentation, thereby promoting the conservation of wild Taxus resources by maximizing their potential economic benefits.
... These endophytes are also capable of establishing symbiotic relationship with the plant thus making them efficient to survive and protect them from biotic and abiotic stress (Asha et al., 2023, Kumar et al., 2023, Mrugesh et al., 2022. Research reports have demonstrated the activity of bacterial endophytes against various pathogens (Atiphasaworn et al., 2017, Wang et al., 2019. Use of endophytes for production of bioactive compounds has advantage of faster production of uniform quality compounds on a large scale and the possibility of obtaining new bioactive components under different culture conditions (Numan et al., 2022, Sarjono et al., 2019. ...
The experiment was conducted in the year, April–December, 2020 at the Department of Microbiology, C. P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India to isolate and characterize promising antioxidant producing endophytic bacteria from periwinkle plant. Twenty four endophytic bacterial cultures derived from various parts of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don were tested for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total phenolics content (TPC). The isolate R1 showed highest TAC (615.46 µg AAE mg-1 extract) followed by the isolate R2 (308.59 µg AAE mg-1 extract). Correlation coefficient observed between TAC and TPC was 0.7591, which shows that phenolic compounds were greatly responsible for antioxidant capacity of the bacterial isolates. 15 isolates showing higher TAC were studied for morphological and molecular characteristics. All the 15 isolates were rod shaped and were monobacillus. Nine isolates were Gram positive whereas 6 were Gram negative. 16S rDNA amplification using universal primers 27F and 27R produced a band of 1.5 kb. Restriction digestion of PCR products of all the isolates with tetracutter restriction enzymes AluI, TaqI, Hae III produced polymorphic diagnostic fingerprints. The dendrogram based on ARDRA profiling grouped the 15 bacteria into two groups (cluster A and cluster B) at a Jaccard’s similarity co-efficient of 0.83. Cluster A contained eleven bacterial isolates whereas cluster B had only four. The isolates R1 and R2 may serve as an excellent source of antioxidants and may be exploited for commercial production of antioxidants.
... 16S rDNA molecular identification and phylogenetic tree analysis. Two endophytic strains of P-NA14 and D-HT207 were isolated from potato and dendrobium samples according to the method of our previous studies, respectively 29,30 . Extraction of endophytic bacteria DNA and sequencing was according to the method described by Wang et al. and Zhou et al. 29,31 . ...
... The Fermentation conditions of P. megaterium P-NA14 and P. megaterium D-HT207 were exactly the same. Single colonies of those two strains were injected into 50 mL liquid YIM38 medium 29 and cultured at 200 rpm at 28 °C until bacteria reached 10 7 mL −1 CFU (colony-forming unit), respectively. Then 20μL seed liquid was injected into 150 mL liquid YIM38 medium and cultured at the same conditions for 48 h, respectively. ...
The growth of endophytic bacteria is influenced by the host plants and their secondary metabolites and activities. In this study, P. megaterium P-NA14 and P. megaterium D-HT207 were isolated from potato tuber and dendrobium stem respectively. They were both identified as Priestia megaterium. The antimicrobial activities and metabolites of both strains were explored. For antimicrobial activities, results showed that P. megaterium P-NA14 exhibited a stronger inhibition effect on the pathogen of dendrobium, while P. megaterium D-HT207 exhibited a stronger inhibition effect on the pathogen of potato. The supernatant of P. megaterium P-NA14 showed an inhibition effect only on Staphylococcus aureus, while the sediment of P. megaterium D-HT207 showed an inhibition effect only on Escherichia coli. For metabolomic analysis, the content of L-phenylalanine in P. megaterium P-NA14 was higher than that of P. megaterium D-HT207, and several key downstream metabolites of L-phenylalanine were associated with inhibition of S. aureus including tyrosine, capsaicin, etc. Therefore, we speculated that the different antimicrobial activities between P. megaterium P-NA14 and P. megaterium D-HT207 were possibly related to the content of L-phenylalanine and its metabolites. This study preliminarily explored why the same strains isolated from different hosts exhibit different activities from the perspective of metabolomics.
