Table 2 - uploaded by Drago Perko
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The article describes characteristics of several relief indicators (surface height, surface slope, surface aspect, height coefficient of surface roughness, slope coefficient of surface roughness, and aspect coefficient of surface roughness) relative to various types of land use in Slovenia and establishes the connection between surface roughness an...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Tables 2 through 7, the distributions of individual types of land use are presented according to class- es of relief indicators, although the majority of analytical calculations are based on the individual, uncombined values of the relief indicators. ...
Context 2
... distribution of individual types of land use relative to 100-meter altitudinal zones indicates the rel- atively even variability of their proportions and density (Table 2). Hop plantations have the largest concentration coefficient because almost three quarters of all Slovene hop plantations lie in the altitudi- nal zone between 200 and 300 meters. ...
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Citations
... The mean height above sea level of the terrain in Slovenia is estimated to 556.75 m; the mean height for the built-up areas is 355.36 m and for the fields 265.57 m (Hrvatin and Perko 2003). The mean geoid height of 46.45 m (Kuhar et al. 2011) is added to these heights to obtain the corresponding mean ellipsoidal heights of ~603 m (whole country), ~402 m (built-up areas), and ~312 m (fields). ...
This paper discusses methodological problems of accurate area determination in the cadaster. The paper contrasts the ambiguous legal definition of the parcel boundary and parcel area in relation to the theoretically well-defined geodetic parcel boundary and the geodetic parcel area on the reference ellipsoid. To align with the real world, parcel area must account for terrain elevation. Various approximate methods for area determination which can be used in the cadaster are tested. A highly accurate method for parcel area computation is proposed, based on an equal-area projection. Considering the geodetic parcel area as a reference, the achievable accuracy of different methods is evaluated. For this analysis, the coordinates of the parcel boundary points are treated as error-free. Finally, the relevance of various systematic errors is discussed in relation to the statistical uncertainty of the parcel area, which could be gained by a real-time kinematic GNSS survey. A case study is presented for the territory of Slovenia, its georeferencing rules, land demarcation pattern, and characteristics of its topography. Based on the results of this study, some general recommendations for the parcel area determination are given.
... Z ugotavljanjem geomorfometričnih lastnosti in njihovim prostorskim spreminjanjem lahko izoblikovanost površja tudi kvantitativno opredelimo (Hrvatin in Perko, 2003; Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger s sod., 2009). Kvantitativno merjenje oblik površja omogoča objektivno primerjavo reliefnih oblik (Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger s sod., 2009) in se pogosto uporablja pri prepoznavanju in opredeljevanju zemeljskega površja (Scott in Pinter, 2003; Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger s sod., 2009), modeliranju površinskih procesov in tektonski geomorfologiji (na primer Jordan s sod., 2005). ...
... Tudi v nasprotnem primeru, kadar je hrapavost površja nizka oziroma je ni, to območje poimenujemo »zglajeno«. Nekateri hrapavost površja poimenujejo tudi »razgibanost« površja (Hrvatin in Perko, 2003;Perko, 2007), ki pa je lahko v nekaterih primerih (merilih) zavajajoča. Območje je namreč lahko zelo razgibano v obliki hribov in dolin, njegovo površje pa izredno gladko, zato menimo, da je uporaba izraza »hrapavost« površja za obravnavani primer bolj primerna. ...
A method which gives the clearest individual geomorphometric elements for the requirements of spatial analysis was selected to define the spatial variability of landforms on primary bedrocks and their slope deposit on the northern edge of the Vipava Valley. We tested the most frequently used morphometric indicators of surface roughness, other than the curvature of the surface, and reviewed them based on their performance with lidar data. We analysed in detail five methods that can be used for surface roughness evaluation and have a potential for studying the bedrock and slope deposits. Height variability was identified as the most appropriate method. We have also found that maps of properly displayed height variability can be an indispensable tool for geological and geomorphological mapping.
Pri opredelitvi prostorske spremenljivosti oblik površja na primarnih kamninah in njihovih pobočnih gruščih na severnem robu Vipavske doline, smo za potrebe prostorskih analiz izbrali metodo, ki najizraziteje podaja posamezne geomorfometrične elemente. Pri pregledu in izbiri geomorfometričnih metod na osnovi laserskega skeniranja površja smo preizkusili morfometrične kazalnike hrapavosti površja, ki so poleg ukrivljenosti površja najbolj v rabi. Detajlno smo preučili pet metod, ki jih lahko uporabimo za analizo hrapavosti površja in so potencialno uporabne za proučevanje kamninske podlage in predvsem njihovih gruščnatih pobočnih sedimentov. Kot najprimernejša se je izkazala metoda variabilnosti višin, ki je uporabno dopolnilo tradicionalnemu terenskemu evidentiranju, izdelani zemljevidi variabilnosti višin pa so lahko nepogrešljiv pripomoček pri geološkemu in geomorfološkem kartiranju.
... they occur less often in the foreground (most often in the Alpine area), while it is a prevailing category in all landscapes. It is apparent that the forest is understood as a frame, a constant that does not need to be expressly emphasized because it covers more than 60 % of the Slovenian surface (Hrvatin in Perko 2003). ...
The central part of the article focuses on the geographical imagination of landscapes, depicted in the photographs. The research stems from the assumption that photographs play an important role in shaping and preserving individual and collective imagination of a landscape and that geography as a science is closely connected to visual representations of the world. The empirical part of the research entails selecting and defining/coding the photographs from the book Slovenian Landscapes by Dušan Ogrin and their analysis through statistical methods. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate what kind of image of the landscape this book creates. The goal is to design/formulate a methodology for photograph interpretation, especially to select the indicators and their categories as well as the criteria for a quantitative photograph evaluation. Using these methods, the appearance of the landscapes is analysed according to the individual indicators, placing special emphasis on surface form as the most important landscape element.
... Relationships between land use and relief characteristics have been studied e. g. by Štych (2011) and Havlíček et al., (2012a) in the Czech Republic and by authors as Falťan et al. (2011), Hrvatin & Perko (2003), Olah et al., (2006), Szilassi et al., (2006Szilassi et al., ( , 2010, Yu et al., (2008) and Zgłobicki & Baran-Zgłobicka (2012), abroad. ...
... That corresponds to higher average slope of forests in Hodonín District, although lowland forest complex Bzenecká doubrava was renewed in the flat fluvial terrace of the Morava River. Hrvatin & Perko (2003) examined current relationship between relief and land use in Slovenia. Their findings relating to altitude and steep gradient with respect to some land use categories (which were defined in a rather different manner) have some differences from those in our study. ...
This study examined the relationship between long-term land use changes and selected relief
characteristics in the area of Hodonín District, Czech Republic, since the mid-19th century to the
beginning of the 21th century. The analysis was based on five sets of old maps from 1836-1841, 1876,
1953-1955, 1991 and 2002-2006. Map layers of land use were applied to evaluate the number of changes
in land use and its overall intensity. Altitude and slope were chosen as basic relief characteristics. Steady
and significant increase in average altitude of permanent grasslands and steady and gradual decrease in
average altitude of built-up areas, arable land and forests were the most important trends connected with
altitude. Similar major trends in land use changes in relationship with steep gradient as those related to
altitude were identified: significant increase in average slope of permanent grasslands and steady and
gradual decrease in steepness of built-up areas, arable land and at first forests as well. These findings
confirm gradual development of land use intensification primarily in low-lying flat terrain of floodplains
in the Dolnomoravský úval Graben.
... 25.2 Land use by landscape types in 2000 (%)(Hrvatin and Perko, 2003) ...
... With a population of 270,000 and 160,000 jobs, Ljubljana is Slovenia's most attractive employment center and has excellent transport accessibility (Bole 2004;Ravbar 2009;Kozina 2010), and is the country's most important urban center. Ljubljana lies in a basin and is influenced by the Sava and Ljubljanica rivers and the surrounding Ljubljana Plain and Ljubljana Marsh with substantial groundwater resources that make up the city's main water source (Hrvatin and Perko 2003;Smrekar 2006). The frequently deficient environmental awareness of the public is proved by numerous illegal waste dumps (), gravel pits filled with waste (Urbanc and Breg 2005), and unenclosed manure piles (Kladnik et al. 2003) practically at houses' doorsteps, which compromise drinking-water sources. ...
... With a population of 270,000 and 160,000 jobs, Ljubljana is Slovenia's most attractive employment center and has excellent transport accessibility (Bole 2004; Ravbar 2009; Kozina 2010), and is the country's most important urban center. Ljubljana lies in a basin and is influenced by the Sava and Ljubljanica rivers and the surrounding Ljubljana Plain and Ljubljana Marsh with substantial groundwater resources that make up the city's main water source (Hrvatin and Perko 2003; Smrekar 2006). The frequently deficient environmental awareness of the public is proved by numerous illegal waste dumps (), gravel pits filled with waste (Urbanc and Breg 2005), and unenclosed manure piles (Kladnik et al. 2003) practically at houses' doorsteps, which compromise drinking-water sources. ...
... Ra zi ska vo, ki nam odgo var ja na vpra {a nje, koli ko lju di in do kak {ne stop nje je oko lju pri jaz nih, smo izved li v Ljub lja ni, ki je z 270.000 pre bi val ci in 160.000 de lov ni mi mesti naj bolj pri vla~ no zapo sli tve no sre di{ ~e z od li~ no pro met no dostop nost jo (Bole 2004; Rav bar 2009; Kozi na 2010 ) in torej naj po memb nej {e urba no sre di{ ~e v Slo ve ni je. Kot lin sko lego Ljub lja ne izra zi to zaz na mu je jo vodo to ka Sava in Ljub lja ni ca ter okrog nji ju raz pro stra nje na Ljub ljan sko polje in Ljub ljan sko bar je z iz dat ni ma tele so ma pod zem ne vode, ki pred stav lja ta glav ni vod ni vir za mesto (Hrvatin in Perko 2003; Smre kar 2006 ). Mar sik daj pomanj klji vo okolj sko oza ve{ ~e nost pre bi val cev doka zu je jo na pri mer {te vil na div ja odla ga li{ ~a odpad kov (Breg in osta li 2007), nele gal ne, z od pad ki napol nje ne gra moz ni ce (Ur banc in Breg 2005) in neu re je ni gnoj ni objek ti (Klad nik in osta li 2003) sko raj na nji ho vem pra gu, ki ogròa jo vire pit ne vode. ...
Modern lifestyles demand the exploitation of natural resources, which results in a significantly deteriorated living environment. The goal of this study was to determine and evaluate people's relationship to the environment and their willingness to take action themselves to protect it. The majority of people (or more than half, in this case) support environmental protection in principle, especially in word only, because this is also socially desirable. However, when they must address limitations that would interfere with their lives by limiting activities or increasing costs, their enthusiasm abates quickly. Twenty percent of people can be defined as being in favor of environmental protection and regarding it as a value. Education level plays a very important role in people's behavior towards environmental issues. This study was carried out in Ljubljana by surveying 408 people.
... Among the principal elements of relief which define its structure we include altitude, slope level and exposition (Hrvatin, Perko, 2003). According to Perko (2001), the diversity of the relief is in closest correlation with the slope level. ...
The article deals with the transport accessibility of regional centres in Slovenia, which was determined with the analytical model of transport accessibility. In this case the accessibility was defined as the travel time which the inhabitants of Slovene settlements spend driving their cars to the nearest regional centre. The results show areas of various levels of accessibility and the regionalization process of Slovenia according to the criterion of transport accessibility. With the help of statistical correlation analysis we also determined the measure of correlation of the accessibility factor to regional centres with the laying out of major transport routes and the diversity of the surface.
... 25.2 Land use by landscape types in 2000 (%)(Hrvatin and Perko, 2003) ...
This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, Historical Evidence of Erosion, Current Erosion Processes, Erosion on Farmland, Soil Conservation, References.
... 25.2 Land use by landscape types in 2000 (%)(Hrvatin and Perko, 2003) ...
... In the framework of agrarian geography and the geography of the countryside, land use was studied intensively in the middle of the 20 th century by Ile{i~ (1950Ile{i~ ( , 1971 in connection with research into the distribution of cultivated fields and by Medved (1969Medved ( , 1974 and Klemen~i~ (1972) in connection with the transformation of agriculture and of the countryside in general. In the last few years, due to major social changes, land use is again under study in Slovene geography (Gabrovec andGabrovec, Kladnik, Petek 2001;Petek 2002;Kladnik and Ravbar 2003;Hrvatin and Perko 2003). ...
