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![Distribution of poor mental health indicators and explana- tory variables of migrant and non-migrant groups [expressed as fre- quency (%)]](profile/Yu-Tao-Xiang/publication/268792166/figure/tbl1/AS:601582563520533@1520439868605/Distribution-of-poor-mental-health-indicators-and-explana-tory-variables-of-migrant-and.png)
Distribution of poor mental health indicators and explana- tory variables of migrant and non-migrant groups [expressed as fre- quency (%)]
Source publication
There is a dearth of data on the association of internal migration with mental health in young rural Chinese. This study aims to explore the associations between migrant status, mental health, and suicidal behaviors in young rural Chinese.
We recruited 1,646 rural subjects aged 16-34 years, of whom 756 were migrant workers and 890 non-migrants, fro...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... to the definition of migrant status, this sample included 756 migrant workers and 890 non- migrant rural residents. Basic socio-demographic features, clinical characteristics, and SSRS scores of both groups are displayed in Table 1. ...
Context 2
... rates of poor mental health indicators and comparability of migrant and non-migrant groups As shown in Table 1, compared to non-migrant residents, migrant workers reported a lower prevalence of depression, poor psycho-QOL, and one-year serious suicide ideation (P B 0.042). Both residents and MWs had comparably low levels for one-year suicidal plans and attempts (P C 0.24). ...
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Aims
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Methods
This mixed-methods study incorporated a quantitative component consisting of a two arm cluster randomised controlled...
Citations
... Conversely, some studies find that migration is beneficial to one's health. Compared to non-migrants, migrants have higher SRH (Zhang et al., 2015), lower depression risks (Dai et al., 2015;Zhang et al., 2022), and greater life satisfaction (Baykara-Krumme & Platt, 2018). When self-selection is controlled, studies still indicate that migration contributes to better health for individuals Lu, 2010;Nauman et al., 2015). ...
Rural‒urban migration is accompanied by urbanization in China, and its effect on individual well-being has received much scholarly attention. However, research on whether and how rural‒urban migration affects rural migrants’ health is still lacking. Using nationally representative data from three waves of the China Labor Force Dynamic Survey, this research investigates the impact of rural‒urban migration on the health of rural migrants and its potential mechanisms. We find that controlling for the endogeneity issue, rural‒urban migration has a negative impact on rural migrants’ health, lowering their self-rated health (SRH) and increasing their probability of illness. Analyses of potential mechanisms show that subjective social status is crucial in explaining the negative effects of rural‒urban migration on SRH and illness. To better understand the health deterioration of rural‒urban migrants, the local social and cultural contexts in China should be considered so that targeted measures can be implemented to promote migrants’ health more effectively.
... 41 There are concerns of increased mental health burden and suicide rates among rural-to-urban migrant workers. 42,43 The concept of the "heathy migrant effect" should be considered, particularly given the large migrant population in China. 42,44 There remain challenges in access to mental health care, particularly in rural areas, and integration and acceptance of mental health services. ...
... 42,43 The concept of the "heathy migrant effect" should be considered, particularly given the large migrant population in China. 42,44 There remain challenges in access to mental health care, particularly in rural areas, and integration and acceptance of mental health services. 45 Improved access to mental health and other healthcare services may arise from increased urbanisation, although higher rates of mental illness may coexist with increased availability of effective treatments. 2 In addition, mental health education to improve uptake and reduce stigma as well as financial support for mental health prevention strategies are crucial. ...
Background:
Worldwide suicide rates have declined since 2000s, with China being the primary contributor. This study aimed to investigate whether urbanisation is associated with decreasing suicide rates in China.
Methods:
Suicide rates and economic indicators of 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions of China between 2005 and 2017 were analysed. Poisson random intercept models were used to determine associations between suicide rates, urbanicity, sexes, and gross regional product (GRP).
Results:
Between 2005 and 2017, suicide rates in 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions of China continued to decrease. Urbanicity and GRP were associated with decreased suicide rates among Chinese males and females. An increase in urbanicity by 1% was associated with a 2.2% decrease in suicide rates (p < 0.001). The most urbanised and populous cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin) had the lowest suicide rates. Urbanicity was associated with a greater decline in suicide rates among females, compared with males. Association between increased urbanicity and reduced suicide rates was independent of GRP.
Conclusion:
Urbanisation was associated with declining suicide rates in China; this association was stronger among females than males.
... For instance, a previous study by Switek [21] among young adults in Sweden found that internal migration is accompanied by increased life satisfaction due to increased income levels. A related study in China [22] found that migrant workers reported a lower prevalence of depression than non-migrant workers. In another study in Indonesia, by contrast, the results show that migrants tended to have mental health challenges such as depression [23]. ...
Background
The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Eight (8) advocates for decent work and improved economic outcomes for all. However, internal migrant workers in Ghana, especially female head porters, commonly known as “Kayayei”, work in exploitative and hazardous conditions exposing them to physical and mental health risks. Yet, mental health among this vulnerable group of migrants has not been given the needed attention it deserves in the country. We, therefore, examined the factors associated with mental health challenges among internal migrants (Kayayei) in Ghana.
Methods
A cross-sectional study among a systematic random sample of 352 Kayayei was conducted in Agbogbloshie-Accra, Ghana. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the factors impacting the mental health of Kayayei. The study used binary logistic regression in predicting factors impacting mental health distress at a 0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence interval.
Results
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were, 305 (86.6%), 332 (94.4), and 149 (42.4), respectively, with 147(41.1%) of respondents having all three mental health issues. The difficult nature of work significantly predicted depression, anxiety, and stress. Respondents who perceived their work as very difficult were 4.3 times, (aOR = 4.36, 95% CI = 2.17, 8.76, p = < 0.001), 3.66 times (aOR = 3.66, 95% CI = 1.37, 9.76, p = 0.009), and 1.73 times (aOR, = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.85, p = < 0.009) more likely to be depressed, anxious, and stressed respectfully as compared to those who rate their work as just difficult.
Conclusion
The majority of the Kayayei suffered from mental health distress (depression, anxiety, and Stress) due to their work circumstances. This study suggests that the Ghana Labour Commission must extend the Labour Act 2003(Act 651) to cover the informal sector and create awareness among the Kayayei community to know their rights and report any abuse to law enforcement agencies. It is also suggested that the government, NGOs, and other benevolent organisations train the Kayayei to attain alternative and sustained livelihoods that will not negatively impact their mental health as has been found in the current study. Finally, the government should fully implement the 2012 Mental Health Act to increase awareness and access to quality mental health care.
... 14 Here, recall bias was greatly decreased by only inquiring about recent suicide ideation rather than lifetime suicidal ideation. 16 ...
Purpose:
Patients with schizophrenia not only experience more stigma than those with other mental illnesses, but they also have a higher risk of committing suicide. There are, however, few research on the connection between rural individuals with clinically stable schizophrenia and suicidality when they feel stigmatized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to look at the suicidality in clinically stable patients with schizophrenia in rural China, including the prevalence, clinical correlates, and its relationships with stigma.
Patients and methods:
From September 2022 to October 2022, we conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study in rural Chaohu, Anhui Province, China, and A total of 821 patients with schizophrenia completed the assessment. Three standardized questions were used to assess suicidality (including suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt), Patient Health Questionnaire with 9 items (PHQ-9) for determining depressive state, the first two items of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (QOL), which measures quality of life, the Social Impact Scale (SIS) to assess stigma, and some other important variables (eg employment, psychiatric medication, etc.) were measured using a homemade scale.
Results:
Of the 821 participants who completed the questionnaire, 19.2% of the patients were found to have suicidality, of which 19.2% (158/821) were suicidal ideation, 5.6% (46/821) were suicide plans and 4.5% (37/821) were suicide attempts. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that job status (OR=0.520, p=0.047), psychiatric medication (OR=2.353, p=0.020), number of hospitalizations (OR=1.047, p=0.042), quality of life (OR=0.829, p=0.027), PHQ-9 (OR=0.209, p<0.001) stigma (OR=1.060, p<0.001) and social isolation in stigma (OR=1.134, p=0.001) were associated independently with suicidality.
Conclusion:
Among clinically stable schizophrenia patients in rural China, suicidality is frequent and associated with stigma. Since stigma and some risk factors have a negative impact on suicidality, we should conduct routine screening and take suicide prevention measures to clinically stable schizophrenia patients in rural areas of China.
... Another common theme of studies on internal migrant is mental health issues. The studies have shown that although there are some benefits for the workers, the mental health of internal migrant workers is significantly worse than for other workers (Dai et al., 2015;Lau et al., 2012;. A study among 1,595 male rural-urban migrant in China showed the prevalence of mental disorders was around 25%, higher than among the general population (Yang et al., 2012). ...
Globalization and the changing nature of work have brought many new health and safety challenges to the workplace, especially for developing countries. Low occupational health and safety services, combined with the occupational health and safety hazards and psychological risks, put workers in low and middle-income countries at high risk from the health problems at the workplace. This is particularly the case for migrant workers who often face the double burden of health and safety issues from both their workplaces and their social circumstances. Using Vietnam’s garment industry as a setting, this research investigated the health and safety issues experienced by internal migrant workers and suggest potential strategies to promote their health, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, guided by the comprehensive Community Needs Assessment framework. The study’s findings show that migrant workers in Vietnam’s garment industry face a double burden from both occupational health and safety issues and their social circumstances. These workplace and social issues are often interrelated and work in combination to influence migrants’ health and wellbeing. The study also demonstrates the utility of the comprehensive Community Needs Assessment framework to support the integrative workplace health promotion approach to design tailored, effective strategies to address internal migrant health needs by recommending practical measures to address worker needs in accordance with the five action strategies of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.
... Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to quantify associations between factors and anxiety symptoms. Nagelkerke R Square (R 2 ) was calculated as the indicator for goodness-of-fit of the logistic regression model and its robustness was tested by using Hosmer-Lemeshow's goodness-of-fit test (H-L test) (49). A non-statistically significant result on H-L test indicates that the model is well calibrated, so the fit is good. ...
Background
Integrating mental health services into primary care is a potentially cost-effective way to decrease the treatment gap for anxiety in older adults but data on the epidemiology of anxiety symptoms in older Chinese adults in primary care settings have been very limited. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of anxiety symptoms in Chinese older primary care patients.
Methods
A total of 753 older primary care patients (≥65 years) were consecutively recruited from 13 primary care clinics in Wuhan, China, and interviewed with the validated Chinese version of the short form of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-SF).
Results
The prevalence of anxiety symptoms (GAI-SF ≥ 3) in older primary care patients was 21.1%. Statistically significant correlates of anxiety symptoms were female sex (vs. male, OR = 1.85, P = 0.002), poor economic status (vs. good, OR = 2.31, P = 0.013), fair and poor family relationship (vs. good, OR = 1.85, P = 0.006), hypertension (OR = 2.01, P < 0.001), chronic gastric ulcer (OR = 6.82, P < 0.001), and Parkinson's disease (OR = 7.83, P = 0.031).
Conclusions
Anxiety symptoms are prevalent among older adults attending primary care clinics. Efforts for preventing or reducing anxiety symptoms in older primary care patients may be more useful to target those who are women, have poor financial status, don't have a good family relationship, suffer from hypertension, have chronic gastric ulcer, and suffer from Parkinson's disease.
... Suicidal behaviours and poor quality of life were also associated with poor mental health (Dai et al., 2015;Hoi et al., 2015;Zhong et al., 2013;Mou et al., 2011;Li et al., 2007). ...
Internal migration has been a long tradition in Nigeria. Culture is a significant aspect of
internal migration in Nigeria as internal migrants move from one state to another. They,
therefore, must adapt to a new culture, language, beliefs, and social identity. In addition,
existing evidence showed that social, cultural, and economic factors were linked to a
migrant’s status thereby impacting their mental health. Studies conducted in Nigeria
identified the causation of mental disorders to supernatural causes and drug misuse with
stigma towards people with mental disorders.
This study identified and explored factors impacting the mental health of voluntary
internal migrants in Nigeria. In addition, the study examined the perceptions, knowledge,
and attitudes of Nigerian participants towards mental disorders.
After a thorough search of existing literature on mental health in Nigeria, there were no
studies exploring experiences of mental health among voluntary internal migrants in
Nigeria. Therefore, a qualitative phenomenological study was conducted with nineteen
voluntary internal migrant participants from Kaduna state, Federal Capital Territory
(Abuja), and Lagos states in Nigeria. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken using
the video conferencing platform Zoom©. The ‘silences’ theoretical framework was used
as a guide in this study which explored the experiences of a marginalised and underresearched group of voluntary internal migrants in Nigeria.
Five themes emerged from this study: ‘purpose of migration, ’ ‘experience of migration, ’
‘coping strategies, ’ ‘knowledge of mental health, ’ and ‘impact of internal migration on
mental health.’ The participants described the reasons for migrating as work, marriage,
and wanting a better life. They described having accommodation issues, difficulties
finding a job, language and cultural barriers, transportation problems, infrastructural
challenges, and experienced challenges of lack of social support. In addition, they
explained that insecurity challenges in the nation negatively affected them. These
challenges resulted in significant stress, ultimately leading to poor mental health. Religion
and perseverance helped them cope after relocating. Finally, there was an improvement
in knowledge of mental health, but there were still high levels of stigma towards persons
with mental disorders.
This study contributes to existing knowledge by exploring the gaps in the body of
knowledge regarding the experiences of voluntary internal migrants concerning mental
health in Nigeria. In the long-term, this study will assist in creating further research to
assist relevant stakeholders in providing more access and delivery of mental health
services in Nigeria.
... Mental disorders also extend to family members left behind due family separation and the added burden associated with losing a productive member of the family. However, one study reported that migrant status showed a significant protective effect for depression among internal migrant workers in China [36]. These contradictory findings could be due to geographic heterogeneities in labour exporting regions, or study design and operational definition of mental disorders. ...
This paper describes the burden of mental disorders among sub-Saharan African and Chinese populations. Data on mental disorders in these populations provide contrasting patterns, and at some time conflicting results. Many factors could explain variations in data reported in this paper including the mental health-migration interface, differences in the operational definition and measurement of mental disorders within and between countries. Nonetheless, well-known risk factors that could explain the observed differential pattern in mental disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa and China are similar, but manifest multi-dimensionally due to differences in socio-political and economic environments.
... 33 A standardized question adapted from the National Comorbidity Survey was used to assess the presence of suicidal ideation: "During the past two weeks, have you ever seriously thought about committing suicide?". 35 Respondents who reported suicidal ideation were further asked about their perceived need for mental health care and mental health help-seeking behaviors for suicidal ideation: "In the past two weeks, did you recognize that you need help from mental health workers for your suicidal problems? These workers include psychiatrists, psychotherapists, and psychological counselors" and "In the past two weeks, did you seek help from mental health workers for your suicidal problems?". ...
... Second, the time frame of "the past two weeks" in the current study is less subject to recall bias than time frames of "the past month" and "the past year" in the majority of prior studies. 35 Perhaps for these reasons, the 4.1% estimated prevalence of suicidal ideation in older adults falls into the lower range of prevalence rates of suicidal ideation reported in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. 17,19,20 However, compared to the 2.6% one-year prevalence of suicidal ideation in urban older Chinese adults, the 5.7% one-year prevalence of suicidal ideation in rural older Chinese adults, and the .8% ...
Objective
To examine prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation in older Chinese adults (OCAs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as mental health help-seeking behaviors of suicidal OCAs.
Background
Few data on suicidal behaviors of older adults during the pandemic are available.
Methods
In this cross-sectional survey, 1159 OCAs completed an online self-administered questionnaire between 23 February and 25 March 2020. A standardized single question and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire were used to assess the presence of suicidal ideation and common mental health problems (CMHPs), respectively. Suicidal ideators were further asked about their perceived need for mental health care and help-seeking from mental health workers.
Results
4.1% of the OCAs experienced suicidal ideation during the past 2 weeks. Among the suicidal OCAs, 31.9% perceived a need for mental health care but only 10.6% had sought help from mental health workers. Factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation were a marital status of “others” (OR=2.39, P = .021), disagreement regarding the successful containment of the pandemic (OR=2.43, P = .022), physical health problems (OR=2.23, P = .012), and CMHPs (OR=4.99, P < .001).
Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, OCAs constitute a subpopulation that needs mental health services for suicidal problems but tends not to seek mental health help. Mental health services for OCAs may include mental health education, periodic evaluation of risk of suicide, expanded psychosocial support, and, when necessary, psychological crisis intervention and psychiatric treatment.
... Similarly, another study in Shenzhen reported the prevalence of anxiety was 19.26% among migrant workers 9 . Evidence from China also showed that migrant workers were more likely to commit suicides compared to nonmigratory rural residents 10 . Previous research has reported that negative mental such as depression, loneliness and anxiety are significant predictors of suicidal behaviors in adolescents [11][12][13] . ...
... Negative mental is directly related to suicide risk among migrant workers. This finding supported previous research that negative mental health was associated with a greater risk of suicide among migrant workers 10,14,15,39 . ...
Suicide is increasingly recognized as a major public health concern among migrant workers in China. Despite negative mental and negative coping styles being core themes found in suicide notes, there is scarce research addressing the theoretical framework of underlying mechanisms between these variables. The study was designed to examine the relationships of negative mental, negative coping styles, and suicide risk among migrant workers. It hypothesized that negative mental would exert a positive effect on suicide risk via increased negative coping. Using a cross-sectional design, the study was conducted using a sample of 3095 migrant workers from Shenzhen, China. Self-made Suicide Risk Scale (SRS), Short-form of the ULCA Loneliness Scale (USL-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used to collect data. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to quantitatively explore the path effects between negative mental, negative coping styles and suicide risk. Results showed that negative coping style had a positive association with suicide risk (β = 0.029, P < 0.001). Negative mental had both direct and indirect positive effects on suicide risk through negative coping styles (β = 0.109, β = 0.013, P < 0.001). Therefore, to prevent suicidal behaviors among migrant workers, targeted interventions focusing on improving their mental health and coping strategies are needed.
