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This study aims to assess the relationship of body mass index (BMI) status with respiratory conditions, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a state population.
Self-reported data from 11,868 adults aged ≥18 years in the 2012 South Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey were analyzed using multiv...
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Background:
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of smoking duration with respiratory symptoms and history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the South Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey in 2012.
Methods:
Data from 4,135 adults aged ≥45 years with a smoking history were analyzed using m...
Citations
... [2] Moreover, previous studies have demonstrated a significant decrease in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) in obese individuals compared with non-obese individuals, indicating a potential decline in pulmonary function due to obesity. [4] Body mass index (BMI) is a commonly used indicator of obesity; however, its critical drawback is the inability to discern the distribution of adipose tissue. It is crucial to assess not only the total amount of adipose tissue but also its distribution, as the latter exerts a more significant impact on the development of obesity-related complications. ...
Neck circumference (NC) is associated with various diseases. However, its association with pulmonary diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between NC and pulmonary function in Korean adults. Data from the 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC). A total of 3818 adults aged 40 to 79 years were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with low pulmonary function (<80% of the predicted value) and calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for decreased lung function per 1-cm increase in NC. A negative correlation was observed between the NC and pulmonary function in both sexes. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, in contrast to men, women exhibited a notable relationship between increased NC and impaired pulmonary function, with a more pronounced effect observed in FVC (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.24). Central obesity may play a role in pulmonary function decline. Understanding this relationship can inform preventive strategies and interventions to improve the respiratory health of individuals with central obesity.
... Patients with a higher BMI (>35 kg/m 2 ) were categorized as obese patients and presented higher asthma prevalence as compared to non-obese patients. [19] In contrast to the present study, research evaluating 200 adults with age >20 years from the clinic of asthma "Paulista State University"-Botucatu, Brazil, presented that study subjects with BMI >35 kg/m 2 (obese patients) indicated a reduction in FEV1-(forced expiratory volume in the first second) along with a reduction in FVC. Moreover, obese patients presented a higher prevalence of wheezing despite a remarkable variance in the FEV1/FVC ratio, in contrast to the asthmatics having normal BMI. ...
... [16] Similar results were observed from the study conducted at Hospital "du-Sacre-Coeur-de-Montreal," Canada, where the majority of the female asthmatic patients recruited into the study were obese. [19] In conformity to the present study, an observational study conducted on adult asthmatic patients of the Malabar region of Kerala, India, depicts that most of the obese asthmatics, that is, 63% of the total sample were female patients. [17] Moreover, a prospective study conducted by the Clinic of Lung Diseases in Zagreb, Croatia, recruited 92 women and 52 men with 18-88 years of age. ...
A BSTRACT
Objective
The current research study aimed to access the relationship between obesity and asthma exacerbations and severity among adult patients at the outpatient section of a federal hospital (PIMS) in Islamabad, Pakistan.
Methods
A cross-sectional research study was carried out on 207 asthma adult patients belonging to different areas and ethnic groups from the country. The study setting was the PIMS hospital, which attracts patients from all over the country due to its facilities and cost-effective treatments. The body mass index (BMI) of asthma patients was calculated using the heights and weights of the study subjects. However, the pulmonary functions were calculated using a computerized spirometer i-e Spirolab III S/N 303681 in line with Winspiro PRO 7.1.version software. It presents the patient’s forced vital capacity that expires in the first second of expiration to full (FEV1) in comparison to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio, that is, Tiffeneau–Pinelli index was also recorded to determine the asthma severity.
Results
According to recent surveys, the overall prevalence of patients with overweight and obesity was 29.0% and 23.7%, respectively. A Chi-square test was used, and a statistically significant relationship was observed between BMI and asthma severity ( P < 0.001). The adult obese female patients presented poor pulmonary functions. The average FEV1/FVC ratio presented significant variance among four different categories of BMI with P < 0.05. This difference was due to the normal BMI category as the Tiffeneau–Pinelli index, that is, FEV1/FVC in the normal BMI group was significantly lower as compared to that in underweight and obese patients.
Conclusion
The study subjects presented raised asthma severity in accordance with the raised BMI. Obese patients presented comparatively raised asthma exacerbations. Moreover, a statistically significant association of gender difference was observed between obesity and asthma severity. It was concluded that adult asthmatic women with obesity presented raised asthma severity as compared to adult asthmatic males.
... 55 Furthermore, obesity, depending on its severity, causes moderate or severe respiratory restrictive disorder. In addition, obesity is often observed to form a risk factor for some of the most common respiratory diseases, such as the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, 56 the obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, 57 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 58 and bronchial asthma 59 . ...
Obesity is defined as a chronic disease characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body. Obesity has taken on epidemic proportions, as the prevalence of overweight individuals globally is almost 30%. The causality of obesity is multifactorial; positive energy balance, genetic factors, endocrine diseases, medications, and food intake disorders are involved in the pathogenesis. Hippocrates wrote that “obesity is a disease itself and the harbinger of others”, recognizing that obesity is a disease that leads to many other diseases. Many scientific societies and the World Health Organization recognized obesity as a chronic disease. Obesity adversely affects many tissues and organs of the human body and is considered a multisystem disease. Obesity is closely related to increased mortality, development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerotic and thrombotic events, malignancies, respiratory, renal, neurological, musculoskeletal, and gastrointestinal disorders, and it affects immune system and fertility. Obesity is related to high health costs and affects quality of life. Primary prevention is of major importance and may lead to significant savings on resources. Upon establishment, it should be treated as a severe disease, the management of which reduce mortality and may prevent the development of severe and life-threatening complications. As a disease, it should stop being so underestimated and take the important part that it should be occupying in the public health and, once its importance has been recognised, it should be given the opportunity of being correctly treated in a scientifically way for the benefit of the people with obesity and the healthcare system.
... es asthma can be due to the influence of obesity on lung mechanisms. Obesity induces breathing at lower lung volumes that reduce changes in airway caliber during efforts, increasing small airway closure rendering a loss of the bronchoprotective effect of deep inspiration, causing asthma (Beuther & Sutherland, 2007;Boulet, 2013;Jones & Nzekwu, 2006;Y. Liu et al., 2015). Etiologies for higher rates of asthma among those who have obesity include altered respiratory mechanics leading to an increased work to breathe, no physical activity, and increased inflammation in the airways (Y. Liu et al., 2015). The weight status of underweight is also related to having asthma; however, the specific causal mechanis ...
... Etiologies for higher rates of asthma among those who have obesity include altered respiratory mechanics leading to an increased work to breathe, no physical activity, and increased inflammation in the airways (Y. Liu et al., 2015). The weight status of underweight is also related to having asthma; however, the specific causal mechanism is not entirely understood. ...
... Liu et al (Y. Liu et al., 2015) found that persons with BMI lower than 18.5 reported shortness of breath which affected the frequency of physical activities more than those with a BMI in the range of normal weight ( BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m 2 ). Those who are underweight have more airflow limitation and lower lung capacity which induces asthma. ...
Background: In the United States (US), cigarette smoking and weight status have been considered the main public health concerns in recent years due to a higher incidence of all-cause
mortality and respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD among those with past 30 day smoking or have an underweight or obesity weight status than those who do not smoke cigarettes or have a weight status of normal weight or overweight. The health burden associated with cigarette smoking and weight status in the US adult population has not been consistent across sociodemographic factors such as sex/gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and race/ethnicity. The association among cigarette smoking, weight status and all-cause mortality; cigarette smoking, weight status and asthma; and cigarette smoking, weight status and COPD are not entirely understood, or how disparities may contribute to these associations. Each of this dissertation’s three aims addresses a specific research question about the associations among cigarette smoking and weight status with all-cause mortality, asthma, and COPD as well as which factors may contribute to health disparities of these associations. The first aim sought to determine whether weight status was a mediator between cigarette smoking and all-cause mortality among adults with past 30 days smoking in the US. The second aim sought to determine whether weight status is a mediator between cigarette smoking and asthma, and cigarette smoking and COPD. The third aim sought to determine which factors were a source of health disparities in the associations among cigarette smoking and weight status with all-cause mortality, asthma, or COPD.
Methods: The study population included adults in the US with past 30 day smoking, with nationally representative samples for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). For all three aims, cigarette smoking, asthma, and COPD were self-reported, while weight status was measured on-sites and all-cause mortality was collected through death records.
The first and second studies included causal mediation analyses with weight status as the mediator of the associations between cigarette smoking and all-cause mortality, cigarette smoking and asthma and cigarette smoking and COPD using the NHANES dataset from 2003- 2018 and 2013-2018, respectively. For the third study Structural Equation Models (SEM) were
implemented to determine which factors related to health disparities may contribute to the associations among cigarette smoking, weight status, all-cause mortality, asthma, or COPD using the NHANES 2003-2018 dataset (for all-cause mortality) and the NHANES 2013-2018 (for asthma and COPD).
Results: In the mediation analysis between cigarette smoking and all-cause mortality with weight status as a mediator, the total effect (TE) for the model with only physiological factors was -1.94
(95% CI=-2.67, -0.04; p<0.001), with an average direct effect (DE) of -1.82 (95% CI=-2.51, - 0.56; p<0.001) and an average indirect effect (IE) of -0.118 (95% CI= -0.19, -0.03; p =0.004).
The TE for the model adjusted for physiological and sociodemographic factors was -1.54 (95% CI = -2.20, 0.01; p = 0.048), an average DE of -1.49 (95% CI -2.18, -0.01; p = 0.048) and an average IE of -0.049 (95% CI = -0.052, 0.02; p = 0.518). For the mediation analysis between cigarette smoking and asthma and cigarette smoking and COPD having as mediator weight status, it was obtained that for asthma, the TE was 0.0009; p=0.016, with an average DE 0.0009; p=0.016 and an average IE of 0.00003; p=0.232. For COPD, the TE was 0.00166; p<0.001. The average DE was 0.00174; p<0.001; the average IE was -0.00008; p=0.46. The Prevalence Ratio (PR) of having asthma and COPD was 1.03 (95% CI=1.00, 1.06; p<0.1032) and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.05; p<0.001), respectively. For the third aim, sex/gender was a significant factor in the associations among cigarette smoking, weight status and all-cause mortality; cigarette smoking, weight status and asthma and cigarette smoking, weight status, and COPD. Race/ethnicity was only significant in the association of cigarette smoking, weight status, and all-cause mortality, and cigarette smoking, weight status, and COPD among Hispanic Mexican and Non-Hispanic White individuals.
Conclusions: Findings from this dissertation showed that weight status was not a mediator between cigarette smoking and all-cause mortality; cigarette smoking and asthma, or cigarette
smoking and COPD when considering physiological and sociodemographic factors. The findings also indicated that sex/gender contribute to health disparities of these associations. Smoking cessation and harm reduction interventions to reduce the incidence of all-cause mortality, asthma, and COPD due to cigarette smoking should be tailored by sex/gender.
... es asthma can be due to the influence of obesity on lung mechanisms. Obesity induces breathing at lower lung volumes that reduce changes in airway caliber during efforts, increasing small airway closure rendering a loss of the bronchoprotective effect of deep inspiration, causing asthma (Beuther & Sutherland, 2007;Boulet, 2013;Jones & Nzekwu, 2006;Y. Liu et al., 2015). Etiologies for higher rates of asthma among those who have obesity include altered respiratory mechanics leading to an increased work to breathe, no physical activity, and increased inflammation in the airways (Y. Liu et al., 2015). The weight status of underweight is also related to having asthma; however, the specific causal mechanis ...
... Etiologies for higher rates of asthma among those who have obesity include altered respiratory mechanics leading to an increased work to breathe, no physical activity, and increased inflammation in the airways (Y. Liu et al., 2015). The weight status of underweight is also related to having asthma; however, the specific causal mechanism is not entirely understood. ...
... Liu et al (Y. Liu et al., 2015) found that persons with BMI lower than 18.5 reported shortness of breath which affected the frequency of physical activities more than those with a BMI in the range of normal weight ( BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m 2 ). Those who are underweight have more airflow limitation and lower lung capacity which induces asthma. ...
Purpose:
The strength of the association between obesity and mortality rate (MR) varies by body mass index (BMI) and sociodemographic groups. We test the hypothesis that the association between obesity and MR varies, in part, due to the moderating effect of parental BMI and birth weight.
Methods:
Data come from the 1958 National Child Development Study, an ongoing longitudinal dataset initiated in 1958 with baseline measures of birth weight from 18,059 infants born in Great Britain over one week. We tested whether the association between BMI and MR was moderated by parental BMI and birth weight using generalized additive proportional hazards models.
Results:
The association between adult BMI and MR was moderated by birth weight and maternal BMI, such that the association between BMI and MR was weaker among individuals with a higher birth weight (p =.0148) and stronger among individuals born to mothers with a higher BMI (p =.032). At any given level of BMI approximately greater than 25, individuals with low birth weight or born to mothers with a higher BMI, had a higher MR. Paternal BMI did not significantly modify the relationship between BMI and MR (p =.5168).
Conclusion:
Results suggest that the relationship between obesity and MR is modified by birth weight and maternal BMI.
... Terdapat data yang menunjukkan bahwa orang dengan IMT ekstrem (kurus, obesitas, obesitas tidak wajar) memiliki prevalensi asma dan/atau PPOK yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan orang dengan IMT kategori normal. 13 Penyakit PPOK mengakibatkan beberapa efek salah satunya adalah penurunan berat badan. Ini terjadi karena terdapat ketidakseimbangan antara energi yang digunakan dan energi yang masuk ke dalam tubuh. ...
Pendahuluan: Pemain alat musik tiup merupakan orang-orang yang secara terus-menerus dalam periode waktu yang lama melakukan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan pernapasan. Oleh karena itu, pemain alat musik tiup berisiko mengalami perubahan mekanisme pada paru yang bisa menyebabkan terkena penyakit paru obstruktif. Pemain alat musik tiup banyak ditemukan di dalam tim marching band. Di Indonesia skrining awal risiko terjadinya Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) bagi pemain alat musik tiup masih sangat jarang dilakukan sehingga kondisi fisik dari masing-masing pemain masih kurang diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran risiko terjadinya PPOK pada pemain brass instrument marching band SMA di Denpasar.Metode: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 orang. Skrining awal risiko terjadinya PPOK dilakukan dengan metode CAPTURE yang dapat mendeteksi secara dini adanya PPOK. Adapun faktor lain yang dicatat pada penelitian ini yaitu jenis kelamin, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), dan kebiasaan merokok.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran risiko terjadinya PPOK pada pemain brass instrument marching band SMA di Denpasar yaitu 66% tidak berisiko, 28% berisiko sedang, dan 6% beresiko tinggi mengalami PPOK.Simpulan: Responden dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki, IMT kategori kurus, dan yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok memiliki kecenderungan beresiko tinggi mengalami PPOK. Kata Kunci: pemain alat musik tiup, PPOK, CAPTURE
... Inflammatory mediators, such as IL-17 and anticitrullinated protein antibodies, which play a role in arthritis, are also involved in the pathogenesis of COPD [40]. COPD, arthritis, and coronary artery disease share many of the same risk factors, such as sex, age, tobacco use, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle [41]. The abovementioned mechanisms must be considered to explain the association between COPD, CAD, and arthritis. ...
Background
Previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the impact of traffic pollution on the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, using frequency matching and propensity scores, we explored the association between traffic pollution and COPD in a cohort of 8284 residents in a major agricultural county in Taiwan.
Methods
All subjects completed a structured questionnaire interview and health checkups. Subjects with COPD were identified using Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Databases. A hybrid kriging/LUR model was used to identify levels of traffic-related air pollutants (PM 2.5 and O 3 ). Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of COPD and evaluate the role played by traffic-related indices between air pollutants and COPD. The distributed lag nonlinear model was applied in the analysis; we excluded current or ever smokers to perform the sensitivity analysis.
Results
Increased PRs of COPD per SD increment of PM 2.5 were 1.10 (95% CI 1.05–1.15) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.13–1.40) in the population with age and sex matching as well as propensity-score matching, respectively. The results of the sensitivity analysis were similar between the single and two pollutant models. PM 2.5 concentrations were significantly associated with traffic flow including sedans, buses, and trucks (p < 0.01). The higher road area and the higher PM 2.5 concentrations near the subject’s residence correlated with a greater risk of developing COPD (p for interaction < 0.01).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution may be positively associated with the prevalence of COPD.
Graphical abstract
... This is in accordance with previous research, which suggests that early elderly groups suffer more from asthma. This could be because elderly individuals have lower levels of lung function (Liu et al., 2015). The largest percentage of individuals with asthma was noticed in the non-smoking group. ...
Background: Asthma is ranked 16th among the leading causes of years lived with disability (YLD) and ranks 28th among the causes of global burden of disease (GBD). Various potential factors can cause asthma, which include body mass index (BMI) and gender. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the relationship between BMI and gender in people living with asthma in Indonesia. Methods: This research employed secondary data obtained from the Indonesian family life support (IFLS) 5th edition. This research used an observational analysis technique with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents in this research were 30,713. In this study, the BMI category was based on WHO’s classification for Asians. Data was analyzed using logistic regression tests and chi square. Statistical significance was set at a value of p<0.05. Results: As many as 17,175 respondents had a normal BMI range (56.92%), out of which the majority were women—16,001 respondents (52.10%). After controlling the other variables, statistical test results with logistic regression indicated that male respondents had 1.23 times the odds of experiencing asthma compared to females (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.44; p=0.02). Again, after controlling the other variables, underweight respondents had 1.31 times the odds of experiencing asthma compared to respondents who had a normal BMI (AOR=1.31; 95%CI=1.07–1.59; p=0.01). Conclusion: A relationship between gender and the category of people who were underweight after determining their BMI could be established. Health counseling can be provided to help improve the respiratory conditions of these individuals.
... In der klinischen Untersuchung sollte auch die Bestimmung des Body Condition Score nicht vergessen werden. In der Humanmedizin gibt es mehrere Studien, die zeigen, dass Adipositas ein Risikofaktor für humanes Asthma ist (Beuther und Sutherland 2007, Chen et al. 2013, Liu et al. 2015. In der Tiermedizin konnte Übergewicht ebenfalls als prädisponierender Faktor für FBD ermittelt werden (Teng et al. 2018). ...
Feline chronic inflammatory bronchial disease is a common problem in cats. It can be classified into feline asthma and feline chronic bronchitis, although mixed forms can occur. A type-l-hypersensitivity-reaction is thought to be involved in the aetiology of feline asthma. In chronic bronchitis the aetiology has not yet been clarified. Affected cats commonly show coughing and dyspnoea, caused by excessive mucous secretion in the airways, oedema of the mucous membranes and spasm of the bronchial wall muscles, resulting in a restricted airflow. Various diagnostic tests can be performed to establish a diagnosis of feline chronic inflammatory bronchial disease and to exclude differential diagnose, primarily infectious problems. This article presents an overview of established and new diagnostic methods in two parts.
... Third, the relationship between BMI and the incidence and severity of COPD is still under discussion, with no conclusion drawn for now. 19,20 However, in Northeast China, BMI was an important factor in both the screening and discriminate models of COPD. This importance may be related to the fact that people in the north are usually stronger than those in the south. ...
Objective:
The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is challenging, especially in the primary institution which lacks spirometer. To reduce the rate of COPD missed diagnoses in Northeast China, which has a higher prevalence of COPD, this study aimed to establish efficient primary screening and discriminant models of COPD in this region.
Patients and methods:
Subjects from Northeast China were enrolled from December 2017 to April 2019 from The First Hospital of China Medical University. Pulmonary function tests and questionnaire were given to all participants. Using illness or no illness as the goal for screening models and disease severity as the goal for discriminant models, multivariate linear regression, logical regression, linear discriminant analysis, K-nearest neighbor, decision tree and support vector machine were constructed through R language and Python software. After comparing effectiveness among them, the most optimal primary screening and discriminant models were established.
Results:
Enrolled were 232 COPD patients (124 GOLD I-II and 108 GOLD III-IV) and 218 normal controls. Eight primary screening models were established. The optimal model was Y = -1.2562-0.3891X4 (education level) + 1.7996X5 (dyspnea) + 0.5102X6 (cooking fuel grade) + 1.498X7 (smoking index) + 0.8077X9 (family history)-0.5552X11 (BMI) + 0.538X13 (cough with sputum) + 2.0328X14 (wheezing) + 1.3378X16 (farmers) + 0.8187X17 (mother's smoking exposure history during pregnancy)-0.389X18 (kitchen ventilation) + 0.6888X19 (childhood heating). Six discriminant models were established. The optimal model was decision tree (the optimal variables: dyspnea (x5), cooking fuel grade (x6), second-hand smoking index (x8), BMI (x11), cough (x12), cough with sputum (x13), wheezing (x14), farmer (x16), kitchen ventilation (x18), and childhood heating (x19)). The code was established to combine the discriminant model with computer technology.
Conclusion:
Many factors were related to COPD in Northeast China. Stepwise logistic regression and decision tree were the optimal screening and discriminant models for COPD in this region.
