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![Distribution of SIE at REI in priority areas of science, technology and engineering in Russia, % [48]](publication/334177727/figure/fig3/AS:894168448638978@1590197779569/Distribution-of-SIE-at-REI-in-priority-areas-of-science-technology-and-engineering-in.png)
Distribution of SIE at REI in priority areas of science, technology and engineering in Russia, % [48]
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![Figure 1. Innovative activity of Russian industrial enterprises [29]](publication/334177727/figure/fig1/AS:894168448630784@1590197779508/Innovative-activity-of-Russian-industrial-enterprises-29_Q320.jpg)
The successful functioning of the system of transformation of scientific and technical knowledge into a market product largely depends on the level of development of small innovative business. The organization paradigm of small innovative enterprises (SIE) in Russia does not yet correspond to the content of the modern world economy. At the same tim...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... work by SRI FRCEC experts [47] presents the structure of distribution of SIE at REI by priority directions of science, technology and engineering in Russia (Fig. 6). Figure 6 demonstrates that the largest number of enterprises carry out activities in energy efficiency, energy saving, nuclear energy (13.6% of SIE at REI), environmental management (12.5%), bio-sciences (15.2%), nano-systems (13.55%), a third of enterprises did not specify their ...
Context 2
... work by SRI FRCEC experts [47] presents the structure of distribution of SIE at REI by priority directions of science, technology and engineering in Russia (Fig. 6). Figure 6 demonstrates that the largest number of enterprises carry out activities in energy efficiency, energy saving, nuclear energy (13.6% of SIE at REI), environmental management (12.5%), bio-sciences (15.2%), nano-systems (13.55%), a third of enterprises did not specify their profile. ...
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Citations
... При этом на сегодняшний день для отечественных малых предприятий характерен низкий уровень инновационной активности [1][2][3][4][5]. В 2019 г. удельный вес малых промышленных предприятий, осуществлявших технологические инновации, составил 5,9% от общего числа обследованных малых предприятий промышленного производства [31]. ...
... This assumption can be confirmed, for example, by the relatively low share of organizations working on implementing various innovations, compared to the total number of existing organizations (Gokhberg et al., 2020). This comparison includes small innovative enterprises, and especially low when compared to similar indicators in the EU countries (Terebova & Borisov, 2019). ...
... По данным статистики, лишь 5% результатов российских НИОКР находят применение в промышленности, тогда как в США и Великобритании -около 70%. Из 500 запатентованных в РФ изобретений только одно внедряется в реальное производство, что свидетельствует о крайне низкой практический степени применения инновационных разработок [5]. ...
The complexity of innovation processes is associated with a high level of uncertainty in the results of bringing innovations to the market and their commercialization. The key task in the innovative development of business entities is the preventive assessment of innovations and the selection of the most promising for the implementation of innovative developments. This circumstance requires research and detailed elaboration of the methodological apparatus for assessing innovative developments. Purpose of the work: to carry out a criterion assessment of promising for the implementation of innovative developments, the transfer of which will provide a high level of return on investment, and will lead to an increase in the innovative activity of business entities. Research object: innovative developments (creation of our own, acquisition, copying). The proposed assessment of innovative development is based on the calculation of two criteria: payback period and versatility. The choice of the "payback period" criterion is based on two aspects. First of all, it determines the period for which the invested funds will be returned to the investor and determines the "profitability" of investments in innovative developments, since its calculation is directly related to cost and profit indicators. Evaluation of the quality indicators of the criterion "universality": novelty, inventive step, applicability, compliance with standards, the presence of competitors in the market is carried out by a point method with the help of experts. The results of the assessment reflect the recommendations on the effectiveness of the implementation of innovative developments, complement the overall assessment of innovative activities, in terms of including in the cost of new products the costs of creating an innovative development from a model within the framework of R&D, for the development of production and other possible costs associated with bringing the innovative development to use in production and commercialization.
... Currently, energy as the main resource of any activity is becoming the focus of attention of both practitioners and representatives of the scientific community. And in world science, large financial and material resources are spent on finding ways to obtain and store energy in various forms [1][2][3]. An announcement at the RFBR of a competition for the best scientific projects of interdisciplinary basic research on the topic "Fundamentals of nature-like technologies for energy generation and consumption" indicates the relevance of a comprehensive study of the principles of energy generation and consumption even by living systems [4]. ...
... Series: Materials Science and Engineering 791 (2020) 012040 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/791/1/012040 3 The process of energy consumption is based on certain principles. Under the principles understand the basic theoretical principles and rules that guide the company in its activities. ...
Currently, the development of nanotechnology and the digital economy requires a deeper study of the basic foundations of the functioning of society and the economy, among which the production, distribution and consumption of energy of various types and forms are of particular importance. The emphasis of theoreticians and practitioners on a comprehensive review of the role of energy should be reflected in the methodology for calculating energy conservation in the production process and the provision of services. This article draws attention to the need to revise the methodology for calculating the energy saving and energy efficiency indicators of a company based on the consideration of all types of energy (energy, heat, mechanical, light, human, etc.) in the company’s activities. According to the author, a complete accounting of the energy used will optimize the costs of the company, maximize profits, and accordingly determine the development strategy of the company in the new business environment. In addition, the financial and economic performance of the company should also be updated and improved, taking into account the consumption of various forms and types of energy.
The authors of the article studied the specifics of innovative behavior of enterprises depending on their size. This specificity was determined in accordance with the following areas of the company’s activities: personnel policy, search for sources of financing, search for market niches, production of innovative products (determined by the nature of the innovations produced and the level of innovative mobility), search for partners and contractors, placement of financial responsibility centers. In preparing the article, a system analysis methodology was used, based on a set of theoretical and empirical research methods, the key of which is the case-study method, based on the results of content analysis, as well as expert interviews and a questionnaire survey. The analysis showed that the qualitative results of the activities of small and medium-sized innovative businesses often have a greater impact on the economic development of the region than large ones. The results obtained during the study have both scientific and practical significance. At the level of regional authorities, understanding the specifics of the innovative behavior of entrepreneurial firms is important from the point of view of determining measures of state support for innovatively active enterprises.
The development of the regional economy in the innovative aspect is a necessary factor in increasing its competitiveness and technological sovereignty, which is of particular relevance in an unstable geopolitical situation. The transition of the economy of each constituent entity of the Russian Federation to an innovative development path is a priority task, which is reflected in the framework of legal acts regulating the conditions for socio-economic development both at the regional and federal levels (strategies, programs, etc.). One of the stages of its solution is to take into account the economic specifics, which largely determines the conditions for the implementation of innovative activities in a particular territory. The study is aimed at developing directions for the development of innovative activity in regions with a single-industry structure of the economy. Its relevance is justified by the fact that the single-industry structure, which is typical for many Russian regions, especially the northern ones, acts as a factor that «slows down» the development of innovative activity. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the problems associated with identifying approaches to the essence of the single-industry structure of the economy, as well as disclosing the features of its impact on innovation activity in the region. The research methodology is based on the use of system analysis, documentary and sociological methods. As part of the discussion, the results of in-depth interviews with experts on innovative development in the region are presented. As a result, directions for the development of innovative activity were developed, among which is particularly noteworthy the diversification in monopolized sectors of the economy, where innovation plays a special role, through the development of small and medium-sized innovative businesses, as well as the development of qualitatively new sectors of the regional economy.
The role of universities in modern socio-economic systems of states is undergoing significant changes and involves the actualization of approaches to defining the functions of educational organizations. At the same time, university startups are viewed as the most dynamic elements of regional economies, capable of creating export-oriented science-intensive products and new high-tech jobs. Transformation and development of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems using as a trigger for academic entrepreneurship of universities to stimulate the powers of the subjects of the federation of the process of formation of start-ups by universities in cooperation with local or global enterprises of the real sector of the economy.The study aimed to analyze the factors that stimulate and hinder technological entrepreneurship in regional universities in Russia. A review of the approaches used in the world’s leading universities, creating successful entrepreneurial ecosystems, is carried out, the key factors that determine the productivity of such ecosystems are highlighted. It is noted that in most constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it is not possible to implement a set of basic factors that contribute to the involvement of RIA in the regional economy, including in local universities, as well as in horizontal network interaction of startups founded by graduates or employees of regional universities.The functions for the university’s management of the transformation of regional ecosystems in entrepreneurial universities and the formation of university ecosystems are proposed.
