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-Distribution of Carex depressa subsp. transsilvanica (2 occupied quadrants) and C. strigosa (24 occupied quadrants) in the Czech Republic. Prepared by Vít Grulich & Radomír Řepka.
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The ninth part of the series on the distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 83 taxa in the genera Aphanes, Buglossoides, Calamagrostis, Carex, Cerastium, Chenopodium, Corynephorus, Crypsis, Dorycnium, Equisetum, Marrubium, Montia, Oxalis, Pilosella, Pteris and Spergula. These maps were produced by taxonomic expe...
Citations
... Blickt man auf das angrenzende Südböhmen (vgl. Kaplan & al. 2020, PLADIAS 2022, so sieht man nur relativ wenige Fundorte, wobei es sich fast ausschließlich um Ruderalstellen als Sekundärhabitate han-delt. Dies dürfte damit zu tun haben, dass dort Grünlandwirtschaft mit großen Kuhweiden vorherrscht und Äcker weitgehend fehlen. ...
Occurrences of rare vascular plant species are reported from Lower Austria and Vienna north and north-east of the Danube, which complement the current status of floristic mapping. Juncus capitatus is a rediscovery of an Austria-wide RE? classified species. Nymphaea candida is a rediscovery for Lower Austria. New localities of an Austria-wide CR classified species are named for Ceratophyllum submersum. New localities of Austria-wide EN classified species are reported for Alchemilla australis (= Aphanes australis), Arnoseris minima, Bidens radiata, Bolboschoenus yagara, Campanula cervicaria, Cytisus procumbens, Elatine hexandra, E. triandra, Eleocharis palustris subsp. waltersii, Erysimum repandum, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Lathyrus nissolia, Lysimachia minima (= Centunculus minimus), Misopates orontium, Myosotis discolor, Neslia paniculata, Ophrys apifera, Orobanche centaurina (= O. kochii), Oxytropis pilosa, Phlomoides tuberosa (= Phlomis tuberosa), Sagittaria sagittifolia, Scirpus radicans and Silphiodaucus prutenicus (= Laserpitium prutenicum). New localities of an Austria-wide G classified species are named for Bolboschoenus laticarpus. A new locality of a species classified as CR in the Bohemian Massif in Austria is mentioned for Carex viridula (= C. oederi). New localities of species classified as CR in the Pannonian region in Austria are named for Asplenium septentrionale, Carex hostiana (status questionable) and Stachys alpina. New for the (central) Weinviertel are Agrimonia procera (status questionable), Gagea minima and Orobanche teucrii. A new locality of Blysmus compressus, a species that is very rare in Vienna, is reported. A second rediscovery for Austria (adventitious) is mentioned for Medicago arabica.
... Hydrocharis morsus-ranae usually occurs in standing or low-flowing waters (the current velocity is no more than 0.2 m/s) (Fig. 2b): small water bodies protected from wind and wave (bays of lakes, oxbow lakes (often), backwaters of slow-flowing rivers and streams, freshwater estuaries, intramire lakes, drainage and irrigation canals (often), ditches, flooded peat holes, quarries, ponds, and ephemeral water pools (Cook and Lüönd, 1982;Makrofity …, 1993;Catling et al., 2003;Yamalov et al., 2014;Kaplan et al., 2018;Kipriyanova, 2019;AD). It occurs on plains at an altitude of 0-1600 m above sea level (average 0-500 m) (Cook and Lüönd, 1982;Efremov et al., 2020). ...
... The content of basic ions is higher in biotopes of H. morsus-ranae than in H. dubia biotopes; the dominant ions are sodium and calcium ions (statistically significant at p ≥ 0.95) and magnesium ions (statistically significant at p ≥ 0.95) (Figs. 3c, 3d) (Cook and Lüönd, 1982;Toivonen, 1985;Krivokharchenko et al., 1995;Sviridenko, 2000;Catling et al., 2003;Kaplan et al., 2018;Zhu et al., 2018;Schweingruber et al., 2020;AD). The specific electrical conductivity is usually less than 0.30 mS/cm; the values of 0.47 and 0.55 mS/cm limit the development of this species (Pindel and Wozniak, 1998). ...
... Since H. morsus-ranae is a plant rooted in flooded soils or a facultatively free-floating plant (Efremov et al., 2021), bottom sediments indirectly influence the pattern of its distribution. Bottom sediments are usually organic and often have a thick layer of sapropels, organic silt, and peat; it occurs on clayey, sandy, silty, and silty-peaty sediments (Cook and Lüönd, 1982;Catling et al., 2003;Yamalov et al., 2014;Kaplan et al., 2018;Zhu et al., 2018;Schweingruber et al., 2020;AD) (Fig. 2a). Regarding alluvial accumulation conditions and the mechanical soil composition, H. morsusranae is a mesoalluvial (the alluvium thickness is 0.2-2.0 ...
... Five neophytes (taxa introduced to the Czech Republic after the year 1500; Pyšek et al., 2004 -Impatiens glandulifera; Lupinus polyphyllus; Telekia speciosa; Reynoutria ×bohemica and R. japonica; Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea) and five native species (Calamagrostis epigejos; Filipendula ulmaria; Phalaris arundinacea; Rubus idaeus; Urtica dioica) were selected for studying their impacts on soil characteristics. The species included annual herbs, rhizomatous herbs and grasses, and semi-shrubs (Table 1) and were representative of dominants commonly occurring in Central Europe (Pyšek et al., 2012a;Kaplan et al., 2020). In the paper, the species are referred by their genus names. ...
... The Pladias database, which currently contains~13.7 million plant records (as of 1 September 2022), serves as a tool for mapping the flora of the Czech Republic. Species distribution maps are published in a series, of which 11 instalments have appeared so far (Kaplan et al. 2015(Kaplan et al. , 2016a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2017a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2018a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2019(Kaplan et al. , 2020(Kaplan et al. , 2022, containing distribution maps of 903 taxa, of which 64 are archaeophytes and 141 are neophytes. For these taxa, comprehensive information is provided on their former and current distribution. ...
... It is now spreading in central Europe along motorways on road verges treated with deicing salt. In the Czech Republic, it was first recorded in 2017 on the motorway D5 near the village of Mlýnec in western Bohemia (Danihelka et al. in Kaplan et al. 2020). Since then, C. subtetrandrum has been found in further seven grid-cell quadrants. ...
... Note that in some taxa at the subspecies rank, the number of grid cells may be underestimated because some occurrence records are reported at the species level. For precise distributions, see Kaplan et al. 2015Kaplan et al. , 2016aKaplan et al. , b, 2017aKaplan et al. , b, 2018aKaplan et al. , b, 2019Kaplan et al. , 2020Kaplan et al. , 2021Kaplan et al. , 2022Kaplan et al. , 2023. Source: Literature first reporting the species or explicitly dealing with the given taxon; also included are selected comprehensive accounts and specialized case studies or recent updates. ...
We present the third edition of the complete catalogue of the alien flora of the Czech Republic, which follows the 2002 and 2012 editions. It has been updated by incorporating new data collected over the last decade and reassessing the current status of taxa based on improved taxonomic and ecological knowledge. All changes in the taxon listing from the 2012 version are documented and explained in an appendix. Based on comprehensive data sources, including the recently developed Pladias Database of the Czech Flora and Vegetation and the Archaeobotanical Database of the Czech Republic, we list 1576 taxa alien to this country, with information on their taxonomic position, life form, geographic origin, residence time category (archaeophyte or neophyte), invasion status (casual, naturalized or invasive), date of the first and last field record, grid-cell occupancy, pathway of introduction into the country, habitat affiliation and impact assessment. This edition includes 122 more taxa than the 2012 edition; 157 taxa were added and 35 were removed. Of the removed taxa, 17 were reclassified as native, eight were removed due to lack of evidence of the occurrence in the wild, records of six taxa were assessed as doubtful, and four are not taxonomically justified. The alien flora is recruited from 630 genera and 122 families, and comprises 385 archaeophytes and 1191 neophytes; most taxa are casual (1084, i.e. 68.8% of the total number), 417 taxa are naturalized (26.4%), and 75 are invasive (4.8%). The proportion of invasive taxa is almost equal for archaeophytes and neophytes (4.7% and 4.8%, respectively), casual taxa are over-represented among neophytes, and naturalized taxa among archaeophytes. The contribution of alien taxa to the Czech flora is 37.8% if all aliens are considered or 16.2% if only naturalized taxa (including invasives), which are a permanent part of the flora, are included. For all groups of invasion status, the numbers of taxa are increasing over time with no sign of deceleration. Most alien plants originate from the Mediterranean region (618 taxa, i.e. 31.5%), other parts of Europe (380 taxa, 19.4%), other parts of Asia (290 taxa, 14.1%) and North America (262 taxa, 13.4%). The highest number of invasive taxa (27, corresponding to 27.6% of all invasive archaeophytes and neophytes) are from North America. Occupancy of grid cells of 10 × 6 arc-minutes significantly increases with invasion status and residence time. Invasive taxa are present in more grid cells than naturalized and casual, and archaeophytes occupy on average more grid cells than neophytes in each invasion status category. Maps based on the cumulative record of alien species occurrence over the past 50 years, expressed as the proportion of the entire flora, show that alien species are relatively more prevalent in lowlands and large urban agglomerations. In a European comparison, the Czech Republic is currently a moderately invaded country.
... The mapping of the distributions of plants in the Czech Republic, initiated within the PLADIAS project in 2014, has recently yielded the tenth anniversary paper (Kaplan et al. 2021). Together with the previous instalments (Kaplan et al. 2015(Kaplan et al. , 2016a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2017a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2018a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2019b(Kaplan et al. , 2020, the team of taxonomic experts has produced grid-based distribution maps of 907 taxa of vascular plants, based on examined herbarium specimens as well as critically evaluated and sorted literature, database and field records. Since the publication of the previous instalment, maps for a further 85 taxa have been finished and are included in this paper. ...
The eleventh part of the series on the distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 85 taxa in the genera Agrostemma, Berula, Bromus, Carex, Corydalis, Echinocystis, Festuca, Himantoglossum, Lychnis, Ophrys, Ornithopus, Pseudofumaria, Quercus, Salix, Sium and Vaccaria. These maps were produced by taxonomic experts based on examined herbarium specimens, literature and field records. Most of the studied species are on the national Red List. Agrostemma githago, previously a noxious weed in cereal fields throughout this country, has virtually been eliminated from arable land and is now only rarely recorded in ruderal habitats. The recently described Festuca albensis is a species endemic to three sandy areas in Germany and the Czech Republic. It is threatened due to its restricted distribution, hybridization and habitat eutrophication. In contrast to the majority of orchids, Ophrys apifera has expanded its range and colonized secondary habitats in central Europe. In the Czech Republic it was for the first time recorded in 1980. However, in spite of the increase in the number of records, most of the populations are small. Himantoglossum calcaratum subsp. rumelicum and Salix starkeana have been extirpated from this country and are classified as nationally extinct. Vaccaria hispanica has not been observed for more than three decades and is classified as missing. Besides numerous archaeophytes and neophytes, mainly of the genus Bromus, two invasive species are discussed: Echinocystis lobata has become widespread along lowland rivers and streams, whereas Quercus rubra has become naturalized in forests mainly in the lowlands and at middle elevations. Spatial distributions and often also temporal dynamics of individual taxa are shown in maps and documented by records included in the Pladias database and available in the Supplementary materials. The maps are accompanied by comments that include additional information on the distribution, habitats, taxonomy and biology of the taxa.
... In Central Europe, it was first discovered in the late 19th century by Hackel (1883) from Hesse in Germany. Later, after the 1960s, this species' occurrence has been recognized in Belgium, France, Switzerland, Austria, other regions of Germany, and the Czech Republic (Scholz 1971;Smejkal 1976;Conert 1998;Růžička 2005;Ondráček 2011;Štech 2013;Kaplan et al. 2020;Štech et al. 2020). It is considered a glacial relict in these countries (Scholz 1971;Dersch and Mast 2000). ...
The first records of Calamagrostis purpurea , an apomictic wetland grass species with a Euro-Siberian, predominantly boreal distribution, are reported for the Carpathians. This significantly expands the species’ range in Central Europe eastwards from the known localities in Austria and Czechia. Due to in situ finds and revision of the herbarium vouchers, C. purpurea was discovered in the Western Carpathians in Slovakia (the Nízke Tatry Mts) as well as in the Eastern Carpathians in Ukraine (the Chornohora Mts) and Romania (Dorna Depression, the Harghita, Bodoc Mts, Intorsura Buzaului Depression) at 6 sites in total. All these newly found localities are situated within 870–1570 m a.s.l. The locality in the Nízke Tatry Mts is at the highest elevation, while those in the Romanian Carpathians are the southeasternmost in Central Europe. In the Carpathians, C. purpurea is confined to undisturbed wetland habitats, which implies its relict origin in the region. A distribution map, habitat characteristics, morphological description, and images of the plants from the Carpatians are provided. Carpathian populations tested with flow cytometry are DNA-octoploid (the predominant ploidy level of the species in Europe). Because of the species’ rarity and vulnerability, it is suggested to include C. purpurea in the next editions of the Red Data Books and/or Red Lists of the corresponding countries.
... Of the 17 halophytes selected for our study, recently published distribution maps and lists of reviewed records were prepared within the Pladias project for Crypsis aculeata and C. schoenoides (both Danihelka & Kaplan in Kaplan et al. 2020), Plantago maritima (Danihelka & Kaplan in Kaplan et al. 2018), Salicornia perennans (Danihelka & Kaplan in Kaplan et al. 2017), Spergularia marina and S. media (both Kúr & Ducháček in Kaplan et al. 2016), Suaeda prostrata (Danihelka & Kaplan in Kaplan et al. 2017) and Tripolium pannonicum (Danihelka in Kaplan et al. 2017). A list of verified records and a map for Cirsium brachycephalum and Triglochin maritima were prepared in collaboration with P. Bureš, those for Scorzonera parviflora with V. Grulich and those for Taraxacum bessarabicum with J. Štěpánek and J. Zámečník. ...
... It also occurs in some areas of the temperate zone with continental climates. Its occurrences in Lower Austria, southern Moravia and south-ern Slovakia are located at the northern limit of its range (Conert 1998, Danihelka & Kaplan in Kaplan et al. 2020. ...
... It occurs in the submeridional and meridional zones and the continental part of the temperate zone in Europe, western and Central Asia, Siberia, northern and subtropical Africa and Madagascar. The northern range limit of this species is in south-eastern Austria, southern Moravia and southern Slovakia (Conert 1998, Danihelka & Kaplan in Kaplan et al. 2020. ...
Halophytic habitats are distinctive components of the landscape in southern Moravia, Czech Republic, and the Pulkau valley in northern Lower Austria. We provide a historical overview of their flora and vegetation since the early 19th century and describe the current state assessed in the field at all remaining sites in 2020. We summarized the historical and current distribution of 17 species with the strongest affinity for saline habitats in the study area: Bupleurum tenuissimum, Cirsium brachycephalum, Crypsis aculeata, C. schoenoides, Galatella cana, Glaux maritima, Juncus gerardii, Plantago maritima, Salicornia perennans, Samolus valerandi, Scorzonera parviflora, Spergularia marina, S. media, Suaeda prostrata, Taraxacum bessarabicum, Triglochin maritima and Tripolium pannonicum. Of these, Galatella cana, Salicornia perennans, Suaeda prostrata and Triglochin maritima are regionally extinct. We also characterized the bryoflora typical of saline habitats. We classified historical and newly recorded relevés and identified 14 halophytic associations belonging to the alliances Chenopodion rubri, Meliloto dentati-Bolboschoenion maritimi, Cypero-Spergularion salinae, Salicornion prostratae, Puccinellion limosae, Juncion gerardii and Festucion pseudovinae. The vegetation of the alliance Salicornion prostratae had disappeared in the study area by the 1970s. The alliance Festucion pseudovinae, with the association Centaureo pannonicae-Festucetum pseudovinae, was recognized as a new vegetation type for the Czech Republic. Using soil pH and electrical conductivity measurements, we evaluated the relationships of individual species and vegetation types to soil salinity. This synthetic study shows that the once well-developed halophytic flora and vegetation in the study area steadily declined from the early 19th century to the 1980s, initially mainly due to drainage and after the mid-20th century due to the combination of drainage and cessation of grazing. The introduction of conservation management in the 1990s and ecological restoration contributed to stabilizing plant diversity at the last saline sites. The future of halophytic flora and vegetation depends on the continuation of conservation management.
... One effort that needs to be emphasized is the outputs associated with the Pladias 2 project synthesizing the knowledge about Czech flora and vegetation , Chytrý et al. 2021. Between 2015 and 2021, Preslia published 10 papers containing distribution maps for 907 taxa of the Czech flora, based on verified, taxonomically revisited, and updated data (Kaplan et al. , 2016a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2017a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2018a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2019(Kaplan et al. , 2020. These publications represent a crucial achievement in terms of the quality of information available to the botanical public (www.pladias.cz), ...
... This taxon has often been overlooked, and it was discovered in several countries (e.g. Czech Republic, Hungary or Serbia) relatively late (see Stevanović et al. 1991;Felföldy 2002;Kaplan et al. 2020). In Hungary it was found in few localities in the northern Zemplén Mts. in the 1990s, and has not been recorded elsewhere later (Bartha et al. 2015). ...
The presented seventh part of the series includes ten new chorological records of vascular plants, two from Hungary, one from Poland and seven from Slovakia. In Hungary, locally introduced species Catalpa ovata spreading by seeds and the first occurrence of Carex depressa subsp. transsilvanica out of n the Zemplén Mts. was recorded. In Poland, the fifth record of Salvinia natans in the area of Kraków was found. In Slovakia, localities of four native species, Pilosella densiflora, P. leptophyton, Taraxacum bavaricum and Trifolium sarosiense were found as well as three alien species Phytolacca esculenta, Sorbus intermedia and the first record of garden escape of Euphorbia myrsinites. Distribution map of Taraxacum bavaricum in Slovakia is also presented.
... Since the plant occurrence module within the Pladias database (Wild et al. 2019, Chytrý et al. 2021) was launched and mapping of plant distributions in the Czech Republic was initiated in 2014, grid-based distribution maps of 861 vascular plants have been produced and published (Kaplan et al. 2015(Kaplan et al. , 2016a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2017a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2018a(Kaplan et al. , b, 2019b(Kaplan et al. , 2020. New occurrence records are continuously collected from herbarium specimens, which are examined by a team of taxonomic experts, and together with unpublished field data and the records extracted from the literature they are imported to the database. ...
The tenth part of the series on the distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 44 taxa in the genera Carex, Colchicum, Cytisus, Draba, Dracocephalum, Jurinea, Klasea, Lactuca, Onopordum, Petrorhagia, Serratula, Silybum and Xanthium. These maps were produced by taxonomic experts based on examined herbarium specimens, literature and field records. Both native and alien species are represented. Particular attention was paid to critically threatened species. Carex macroura has been documented in the Czech Republic from only two populations in northern Bohemia. The nearest populations in its core range in Russia are separated by a gap of about 2,500 km. Dracocephalum austriacum has been recorded at about 14 sites, with the majority of populations confined to the karst area of Český kras in central Bohemia. About 25 populations of Jurinea cyanoides were known in the past in the Labe river basin in central Bohemia. Of these, only one population has survived but it is declining despite intensive conservation management. The facultative halophyte Lactuca saligna has been recorded at more than a hundred sites in the past but was observed at only nine sites in 2020. In contrast, the previously rare Draba muralis and D. nemorosa have spread along railways during the past decades. Several neophytes, including Dracocephalum thymiflorum and Lactuca tatarica, have accidentally been introduced with grain or iron ore from the former USSR during the second half of the 20th century. Some archaeophytes, such as Lactuca serriola and Onopordum acanthium, are naturalized and widespread in this country, others, such as Xanthium strumarium, used to be established and rather frequent in the past but have declined sharply due to changes in land use. Two species are reported here as new for the Czech flora. Carex agastachys was identified as a result of examination of herbarium specimens formerly assigned to C. pendula; it is distributed mainly in the Carpathian part of this country. The Mediterranean species Petrorhagia dubia is reported here as a new alien species in the Czech Republic, identified based on revision of a herbarium specimen collected in 1934 in the city of Brno. In contrast, examination of herbarium specimens of Xanthium revealed that X. orientale was reported erroneously from the Czech Republic, based on misidentification of X. saccharatum. Spatial distributions and often also temporal dynamics of individual taxa are shown in maps and documented by records included in the Pladias database and available in electronic appendices. The maps are accompanied by comments that include additional information on the distribution, habitats, taxonomy and biology of the taxa.
