Fig 5 - uploaded by Tao Deng
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Distribution and possible migration route of Diaceratherium throughout Eurasia from Late Oligocene to Early Miocene. European localities are summarized in a few dots; all Asian localities are marked. 1, D. lamilloquense from La Milloque, France; 2-4, D. lemanense from Gannat (France), Wischberg (Switzerland), and Oppenheim (Germany); 5-6, D. asphaltense from Saulcet and Pyrimont-Challonges (France); 7, D. tomerdingense from Tomerdingen (Germany); 8-10, D. aginense from Laugnac (France), Vaud (Switzerland), Hessler (Germany); 11-14, D. aurelianense from Molí Calopa and Rubielos de Mora (Spain), Marsolan and Neuville-aux-Bois (France); 15, D. aurelianense var. gailiti from Turgai (Kazakhstan); 16, D. askazansorense from Askazansor (Kazakhstan); 17, D. shanwangense from Xiejiahe (China). References for locality: 1, Michel (1983); 2, Roman (1911); 3, Schaub and Hürz-eler (1948); 4, Tobien (1980); 5, Hugueney (1997); 6, Depéret and Douxami (1902); 7, Dietrich (1931); 8, de Bonis (1973), Heissig (1999); 9, Engesser et al. (1993); 10, Tobien (1980), Heissig (1999); 11-12, Cerdeño (1992); 13, Antoine et al. (2000); 14, Nouel (1866); 15, Borissiak, (1927); 16, Bonis (1973), Kordikova (2001); 17, present paper. Different colors refer to different species. Paleomap from website https://deeptimemaps. com/. [planned for page width].
Source publication
Owing to the scarcity of records, the Asian evolution and migration of Diaceratherium, a large extinct genus of rhinoceros of the Teleoceratini, remain unclear. The skeleton described herein, from the early Miocene Shanwang Basin in China, is identified as Diaceratherium shanwangense, a species originally defined based on upper cheek teeth. This sk...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... proximal epiphysis of the femur (Supp. 1: Fig. S5) is incomplete, and the third trochanter is short and situated in the upper half of the shaft. The distal epiphysis is wide and robust; the trochlea has a shallow but wide middle groove, and the lateral crest limits a concave lateral surface. The fossa in the lateral condyle of the extensor and popliteus muscles is ...
Context 2
... patella, which is displaced from its original anatomical position (Supp. 1: Fig. S5), is large with a rounded distal ...
Context 3
... in the Turgai region of Kazakhstan (Borissiak, 1927). Given the known localities of Diaceratherium in Asia, we suggest that the arrival of these rhinocerotids in the easternmost regions of Asia (e.g. Shanwang Basin, China) may have followed a migration route along the northern margins of the Tibetan Plateau rather than via the southern margins (Fig. 5), which contrasts with the route proposed for other mammals such as those in the genera Dorcatherium, Hyotherium and Amphicyon (see the Introduction section), which are assumed to have migrated via a southern ...
Citations
... Gaindatherium from the Middle-Late Miocene has a much longer horn boss that nearly occupies the entire nasal bone, and its domed area is at the middle part of the nasal bone, corresponding to a probably larger horn (Colbert, 1934). Diaceratherium and Hoploaceratherium from the Early Miocene and Middle Miocene have a small horn boss on the nasal bone, with a much narrower width of the nasal bone itself, less than one-third of the maximum dorsal proof width between the orbits (Heissig, 2012;Lu et al., 2021). In addition, the remaining part of the dorsal proof of the new skull is similar to Dih. ringstroemi and Dic. ...
Dihoplus is a rhinoceros distributed across East Asia and Europe from the Late Miocene to Pliocene. This study describes a new skull from the Qin Basin in Shanxi Province, China, referred to as Dihoplus ringstroemi, which has long been debated in taxonomic identity. This skull confirms that D. ringstroemi is an independent species and reveals the presence of the upper incisor and variations in the degree of constriction of the two lingual cusps of upper cheek teeth. In addition, the new skull indicates that the Qin Basin has a late Neogene sediment and fauna comparable to that of the Yushe Basin.
... Given its enlarged upper and lower incisors, like Aprotodon, we suggested Mesaceratherium should be an acerathere, consistent with the present analyses. Diaceratherium from the late Oligocene to the early Miocene was widely distributed around the old world (Heissig, 1999;Becker et al., 2009;Lu et al., 2021). It was a large-sized rhinoceros, with a small nasal horn, dolichocephalic skull, large upper and lower incisors, and long and robust distal limb bones (Lu et al., 2021). ...
... Diaceratherium from the late Oligocene to the early Miocene was widely distributed around the old world (Heissig, 1999;Becker et al., 2009;Lu et al., 2021). It was a large-sized rhinoceros, with a small nasal horn, dolichocephalic skull, large upper and lower incisors, and long and robust distal limb bones (Lu et al., 2021). This genus has long been considered an early ancestor of some advanced teleoceratini genera. ...
This study presents the first phylogenetic analysis focused on the subfamily Aceratheriinae to date, with 392 characters (361 parsimony-informative characters) coded from 50 taxa at the species level. We added 80 newly defined and 33 revised characteristics to an existing matrix, covering features of the skull, teeth, and postcranial bones. Based on the results of ordered and unordered analyses, combined with a diagnosis in accordance with traditional morphological taxonomy, we revised the diagnosis of Aceratheriinae and reconstructed the phylogeny of Aceratheriinae. The tribe Teleoceratini, as well as the tribe Aceratheriini, was reclassified within Aceratheriinae; however, the traditionally established contents of each tribe were changed somewhat. Aceratheriinae underwent evolutionary adaptation several times during the early stages of its evolution, and several genera are herein reconstructed as early-diverging taxa, such as Floridaceras, Chilotheridium, and Plesiaceratherium. Turkanatherium and Protaceratherium are excluded from Aceratheriinae in this study. We suggest another two subclades of Aceratheriinae, containing Hoploaceratherium and Aprotodon, respectively. Aceratheriini and Teleoceratini are redefined as two highly specialized groups of Aceratheriinae.
