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Distoseptispora obpyriformis (MFLU 18-0476, holotype). a Colonies on substrate. b-d Conidiophores and conidia. e, f Conidiogenesis. g-i Conidia. j Germinating conidium. k, l Culture on PDA after 21 days (l from below). Scale bars: b-d = 50 ?m, e-j = 30 ?m.
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This is the second in a series of papers on lignicolous freshwater fungi from China. In this paper, eight fresh collections of asexual morphs of Distoseptispora, isolated from submerged wood in northwestern Yunnan Province, China, are characterized based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TEF1α sequ...
Citations
... Subram. are placed in Distoseptisporaceae (Su et al. 2016;Luo et al. 2018Luo et al. , 2019Yang et al. 2018Yang et al. , 2021Zhang et al. 2022a, b;Afshari et al. 2023). ...
The sensu stricto concept of the large and polyphyletic genus Ellisembia is revealed based on a recent collection of its type species, E. coronata, on the original host at the type locality in Germany. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated ITS, LSU, and RPB2 sequence data suggest that the fungus belongs to Sporidesmiaceae (Sordariomycetes) where it groups together with other morphologically similar ellisembia-like taxa in a distinct monophyletic lineage distant from Sporidesmium. Ellisembia is therefore restricted to those members of this novel group having distoseptate conidia and producing none or a few percurrent conidiophore extensions. Its previous synonymy under Sporidesmium is revised, and four novel combinations are proposed including E. pseudobambusae comb. nov., recently collected on a dead branch of Arundinaria sp. (Poaceae) in Texas, USA. The holotype illustration of S. coronatum, the basionym of E. coronata, is considered ambiguous due to the depiction of eusepta instead of distosepta. Consequently, Ellisembia is epitypified with the fresh specimen from Germany after comparing it with authentic materials preserved at G and IMI. Additionally, the genus Lomaantha, typified by L. pooga, is expanded and emended to include E. brachypus and related ellisembia-like taxa grouping together in a distinct lineage within Chaetosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes) distant from Sporidesmiaceae. A reassessed taxonomy for members of this monophyletic clade is proposed including six new combinations, and the presence of distinct pores in their conidial distosepta was evaluated. Sporidesmiella angustobasilaris, which typifies the genus Anasporidesmiella, is reduced to synonymy of L. folliculata upon examination of its type material.
... Freshwater fungi play crucial roles in freshwater ecosystems, contributing to nutrient cycling, decomposing organic matter, and forming symbiotic relationships with other organisms (Wong et al. 1998;Bucher et al. 2004;Duarte et al. 2013;Tsui et al. 2016;Calabon et al. 2022Calabon et al. , 2023. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in international studies focusing on the classification and evolution of saprobic fungi, with a particular emphasis on the diversity of freshwater fungi along a north-south gradient in the Asian region Luo et al. 2016Luo et al. , 2018Li et al. 2017;Bao et al. 2018Bao et al. , 2019Chaiwan et al. 2021). ...
Lignicolous freshwater fungi form a highly diverse group and are primarily distributed in the classes Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes. During an investigation of lignicolous freshwater fungi on the Tibetan Plateau, China, four collections were obtained from submerged wood in freshwater habitats. Morphological studies combined with multi-gene phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, LSU, SSU, and RPB2 indicated that the collected taxa belonged in the orders Conioscyphales and Cordanales in Sordariomycetes. Based on evidence from morpho-molecular analyses, two new species, Conioscypha xizangensis and Cordana linzhiensis, are introduced with descriptions of their hyphomycetous asexual states. Conioscypha xizangensis shows a close phylogenetic relationship with Conioscypha tenebrosa but, unlike that species, has phialidic and integrated conidiogenous cells. Cordana linzhiensis forms a distinct clade within the genus and possesses unique characteristics compared with existing species in having swollen conidiophores, polyblastic, clavate, or cylindrical conidiogenous cells, and solitary or acropleurogenous conidia with a hyaline mucoid sheath. These new discoveries further add to the diversity of freshwater fungi on the Tibetan Plateau. ARTICLE HISTORY
... Aquapteridospora is a hyphomycetous genus that are commonly found in freshwater habitats, but only a few terrestrial species, such as A. bambusinum (≡Pleurophragmium bambusinum) was collected from dead culms of bamboo (Yang et al. 2015;Dai et al. 2017;Luo et al. 2019;Bao et al. 2021;Dong et al. 2021;Ma et al. 2022;Peng et al. 2022). These fungi play an important role in the decomposition of organics and nutrient cycling in aquatic environments Luo et al. 2018). In recent years, an increasing number of species in Aquapteridospora have been described and documented, including A. aquatica, A. bambusinum, A. fusiformis, A. hyalina, A. jiangxiensis and A. lignicola (Yang et al. 2015;Luo et al. 2019;Bao et al. 2021;Dong et al. 2021;Ma et al. 2022;Peng et al. 2022). ...
During an investigation of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the Tibetan Plateau, three Aquapteridospora taxa were collected from freshwater habitats in Xizang, China. The new species possess polyblastic, sympodial, denticles conidiogenous cells and fusiform, septate, with or without sheath conidial, that fit within the generic concept of Aquapteridospora , and multi-gene phylogeny placed these species within Aquapteridospora . Detailed morphological observations clearly demarcate three of these from extant species and are hence described as new taxa. The multi-gene phylogeny of the combined LSU, TEF 1-α, and ITS sequence data to infer phylogenetic relationships and discuss phylogenetic affinities with morphologically similar species. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, three new species viz. A. linzhiensis , A. yadongensis , and A. submersa are introduced. Details of asexual morphs are described, and justifications for establishing these new species are also provided in this study.
... The present study is to establish the species of freshwater fungi along a northto-south longitudinal gradient . Yunnan is one of the hotspots for lignicolous freshwater fungi, where numerous species have been reported (Su et al. 2016;Luo et al. 2017Luo et al. , 2018aLuo et al. , b, 2019Bao et al. 2020;Dong et al. 2020Dong et al. , 2021. In Yunnan, 278 lignicolous freshwater fungi have been identified in both lentic habitats (Cai et al. 2002;Luo et al. 2004) and lotic habitats, including the Nu Jiang/Salween River, Lancang River/Mekong River, Dulong River, and Jinsha River/Yangtze River (Tsui et al. 2000;Luo et al. 2018aLuo et al. , b, 2019Bao et al. 2020Bao et al. , 2021Dong et al. 2020Dong et al. , 2021Shen et al. 2022). ...
... Yunnan is one of the hotspots for lignicolous freshwater fungi, where numerous species have been reported (Su et al. 2016;Luo et al. 2017Luo et al. , 2018aLuo et al. , b, 2019Bao et al. 2020;Dong et al. 2020Dong et al. , 2021. In Yunnan, 278 lignicolous freshwater fungi have been identified in both lentic habitats (Cai et al. 2002;Luo et al. 2004) and lotic habitats, including the Nu Jiang/Salween River, Lancang River/Mekong River, Dulong River, and Jinsha River/Yangtze River (Tsui et al. 2000;Luo et al. 2018aLuo et al. , b, 2019Bao et al. 2020Bao et al. , 2021Dong et al. 2020Dong et al. , 2021Shen et al. 2022). However, the species diversity and distribution of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the Red River Basin remain under-explored. ...
... accessed on 2 January 2024; Hu et al. 2023 licualae are the only two teleomorph taxa in Distoseptispora (Yang et al. 2021;Konta et al. 2023). Members of Distoseptispora are primarily saprophytes found on woody substrates from freshwater habitats (45 species), predominantly in China and Thailand and some also have been found in terrestrial habitats (23 species); D. bambusae, D. clematidis, D. tectonae, D. thysanolaenae and D. xishuangbannaensis have been reported in both freshwater and terrestrial habitats Luo et al. 2018aLuo et al. , 2019Yang et al. 2018Yang et al. , 2021Monkai et al. 2020;Phukhamsakda et al. 2020;Sun et al. 2020;Dong et al. 2021;Li et al. 2021;Shen et al. 2021;Ma et al. 2022;Zhai et al. 2022;Zhang et al. 2022). The conidia of Distoseptispora vary significantly in their characteristics, especially in terms of shape and size. ...
The Red River Basin is located in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot and is rich in lignicolous freshwater fungi, but no systematic research has been conducted. A systematic study on the species diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the basin is ongoing. Seven distoseptispora-like specimens were collected from the Red River Basin in Yunnan. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS, LSU, tef 1-α, and rpb 2 genes and combined morphological data indicate that there are six distinct species of Distoseptispora , including two new species and four known species. Two new species were named D. suae and D. xinpingensis , and the four known species were D. bambusae , D. euseptata , D. obpyriformis and D. pachyconidia . This study provides detailed descriptions and illustrations of these six species and an updated phylogenetic backbone tree of Distoseptispora .
... Specimens and morphological studies and isolation Fresh decaying wood submerged in lentic and lotic freshwater environments were randomly collected in northern areas of Thailand, following the collection methods of Luo et al. (2018) and Senanayake et al. (2020). Wood specimens were kept in a clean Ziploc bag and brought back to the laboratory, and incubated for one-week. ...
A new genus Globosus with a new species G. polychromus is introduced from a freshwater habitat in Thailand, based on morphological characters with evidence from phylogenetic analysis of concatenated internal transcribed spacer region ITS4-5.8S -ITS5 (ITS), nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S) and nuclear small subunit rDNA (18S) sequence data. Phylogenetically, Globosus clustered with Quadrisporella and Setoapiospora in Muyocopronaceae with 100% ML/ 1.00 BYPP support. However, there are differences in morphology. Globosus is characterized by its hyphomycetous structure and having pink or yellow colonies in culture on the natural substrate and PDA, its conidiogenous cells exhibit distinctive globular intumescence which differs from existing genera in Muyocopronaceae . Descriptions and illustrations of G. polychromus are provided with a key to asexual genera in Muyocopronaceae .
... Submerged decaying wood and branches were collected from Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, China. Fresh specimens were studied following the methods described by Luo et al. (2018b). The samples were incubated in plastic boxes at room temperature for one week. ...
... Single spore isolation was performed following the method described by Luo et al. (2018b). The germinated conidia were transferred to fresh PDA plates and incubated at room temperature. ...
Freshwater fungi are highly diverse in China and frequently reported from submerged wood, freshwater insects, herbaceous substrates, sediments, leaves, foams, and living plants. In this study, we investigated two freshwater species that were collected from Yunnan and Guizhou provinces in China. Detailed morphological analysis complemented by multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on LSU, SSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1-α sequences data revealed them to be two new saprobic species, namely Acrogenospora alangii sp. nov. and Conioscypha yunnanensis sp. nov. in their asexual morphs. Additionally, Acrogenospora alangii sp. nov. is reported for the first time as a freshwater ascomycete associated with the medicinal plant Alangium chinense (Alangiaceae). Detailed morphological descriptions, illustrations and updated phylogenetic relationships of the new taxa are provided herein.
... It is characterized by macro-mononematous, erect, conidiophores, holoblastic, enteroblastic, percurrent, polytretic conidiogenous cells and acrogenous or acropleurogenous, septate conidia. Members of Neospadicoides are saprobic and lignicolous, occurring on submerged decaying woody debris in aquatic and terrestrial environments (Hyde et al. 2016, Luo et al. 2018, Yang et al. 2023. Up to now, six species were accepted within Neospadicoides, including Newly sequences were blasted to search for closed taxa in GenBank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/). ...
... Additionally, the morphology of Neospadicoides differs from that of other genera in Xenospadicoidaceae in having branched or unbranched conidiophores, tretic conidiogenous cells and acropleurogenous, aseptate or septate conidia (Hughes 1958, Goh et al. 1996, Réblová et al. 2018, Luo et al. 2019. Asexual morphs of Lentomitella are mainly found on decaying wood in terrestrial habitat and they easily distinguished from Neospadicoides in having branched or unbranched apically, arising from aerial hyphae conidiophores, slimy, inconspicuous transparent conidiogenous cells and hyaline, aseptate conidia (Huhndorf et al. 2008, Zhang et al. 2017, Réblová et al. 2006, 2018. ...
Neospadicoides amphibia sp. nov. (Xenospadicoidaceae, Xenospadicoidales) was found on dead and submerged decaying woods in freshwater and terrestrial habitats in Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai Provinces, Thailand. This new species is characterized by asexual hyphomycete, hairy effuse, dark colonies, erect, straight to flexuous, dark brown conidiophores, with polytretic, integrated terminal and intercalary conidiogenous cells and obovoid, 3-euseptate, pigmented conidia. The multi-gene phylogeny of the combined ITS, LSU, SSU, and RPB2 sequence data placed these two isolates within Neospadicoides as a distinct sister lineage to species N. thailandica with highly support. Therefore, the new species, Neospadicoides amphibia, was described and illustrated based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence.
... Following the methods of Luo et al. (2018), Raja and Shearer (2008), and Shearer (1993) samples were sealed in plastic bags for transport to the laboratory, incubated in sterile plastic containers and regularly examined for the occurrence of fungi using a Leica MZ7s dissecting microscope over six months. ...
While conducting a survey of freshwater fungi in the temperate region of southern Australia, we came across two previously undiscovered anamorphic Ascomycota, a phoma-like coelomycete and a dictyochaeta-like hyphomycete. The coelomycetous fungus was classified in the family Morosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales) as a new genus, primarily supported by molecular data. We hereby introduce Minivolcanus
unicellularis, the new genus and species, accompanied by both morphological and molecular evidence. Additionally, the dictyochaeta-like hyphomycete was placed in the genus Achrochaeta in the Chaetosphaeriaceae (Chaetosphaeriales) based on a combination of morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses utilising ITS, 28S, and TEF1 sequences. This newly identified species is proposed as
Achrochaeta rivulata, the second species described within this genus. These findings expand our knowledge of fungal diversity in the region.
... BLASTn analysis of D. gasaensis (HJAUP C2034) and D. hydei (MFLUCC 20-0481) showed 98% identity (387/393, one gap) using ITS, 99% identity (533/536, one gap) using LSU and 90% identity (852/942, seven gaps) using TEF1; of D. gasaensis (HJAUP C2034) and D. rostrata (MFLUCC 16-0969) showed 97% identity (495/511, two gaps) using ITS, 99% identity (530/536, one gap) using LSU. Moreover, D. gasaensis is significantly different from D. hydei (11), which has shorter conidiophores (87-145 µm vs 104-204 µm), and shorter and wider conidia (32-58 × 10-15 µm vs 44-72 × 6-12 µm), and from D. rostrata (7), which has shorter conidiophores (82-126 µm vs 104-204 µm) and longer conidia (115-155 µm vs 44-72 µm) with (15-)18-23 distosepta, as well as from D. lignicola (12), which has shorter Culture characteristics: Colony on PDA reaching 80-85 mm diameter after 4 weeks in an incubator under dark conditions at 25°C, irregularly circular, surface velvety, with gray-white and denser mycelium at the center, becoming black-brown and sparser toward the edge; reverse dark brown to black. ...
... µm) with 5-9 eusepta. Distoseptispora menghaiensis also superficially resembles D. obpyriformis (7), but the latter has bigger conidiophores (97-119 × 5-7 µm vs 45.7-82.9 × 3.4-5.1 µm), and bigger conidia (53-71 × 12-16 µm vs 35.7-48.6 × 7.2-10.9 ...
... Therefore, it is not possible to quantify their role in ecosystem functioning. The reports of Distoseptispora are mainly concentra ted in Thailand (Chiang Rai, Phitsanulok, Phang Nga) and China (Yunnan and Guizhou Province) (7,9,12), but three Distoseptispora species, D. meilingensis, D. yongxiuensis, and D. yunjushanensis, were found in Jiangxi, China (20), and D. septata, D. tropica, and D. wuzhishanensis were found in Hainan, China (30). In this paper, eight taxa were identified from terrestrial habitats in Jiangxi and Yunnan Provinces, China. ...
Plant debris are habitat favoring the growth of various microbial species. Over the course of our mycological surveys in Jiangxi and Yunnan Provinces, China, eight new Distoseptispora species, viz. D. gasaensis , D. guanshanensis , D. jinghongensis , D. longnanensis , D. menghaiensis , D. menglunensis , D. nanchangensis , and D. yichunensis collected on dead branches of unidentified plants, were introduced by morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Multi-locus (LSU, ITS, TEF1 , and RPB2 ) phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference to infer their taxonomic positions within Distoseptispora . Both molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters supported them as eight independent taxa within Distoseptispora . This work improves our understanding of the diversity of Distoseptispora in southern China.
IMPORTANCE
Distoseptispora as a single genus in Distoseptisporaceae was introduced by morphological and phylogenetic analyses. Members of this genus occur mainly as asexual morphs, forming effuse, hairy colonies on decaying wood, plant stems, bamboo culms, and fallen leaves and shafts in terrestrial and freshwater habitats. In the present study, saprobic hyphomycetes from plant debris were investigated, and eight new Distoseptispora species were introduced based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses of LSU, ITS, TEF1 , and RPB2 sequence data. This study provides important data on the species diversity, ecological environment, and geographical area of Distoseptispora , greatly updates the classification of Distoseptispora , and improves our understanding of the taxonomy of Distoseptispora .
... The Tibetan Plateau is the largest and most unique geographical region on earth, which encompasses remarkable endemic diversity (Wang et al. 2016, Guo et al. 2020, Xu et al. 2021. In recent years, global research on the taxonomy and phylogeny of saprobic fungi have increased significantly, with diversity of freshwater fungi in China being well-studied (Hyde et al., 2016, Luo et al., 2018, 2019, Dong et al. 2020, 2021, Hongsanan et al. 2020, Hyde et al. 2020, Bao et al. 2021, Shen et al., 2022. However, there is a lack of study in freshwater fungi from the Tibetan Plateau. ...
... During investigations of fungal diversity in the Tibetan Plateau, China, decaying wood submerged in freshwater habitats was collected following the methods described in Luo et al. (2018) and Senanayake et al. (2020). Samples were placed in a zip lock bag and were taken back to the laboratory for observation. ...
... Samples were incubated for a week in a sterile plastic box containing sterilized wet tissues. Samples were observed and examined following the instruction outlined in Luo et al. (2018). Macroscopic and microscopic morphology of filamentous fungi (e.g., colonies, conidiomata, conidiophores or conidia) were examined using a stereomicroscope (SteREO Discovery.V12, Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmBH, Germany) and microphotographs were taken using a compound microscope (Nikon ECLIPSE 80i, Nikon, Japan) fitted with a NikonDS-Ri2 digital camera (Nikon, Japan). ...
This study aims to investigate the species diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the Tibetan Plateau, China. Four hyphomycetous taxa were identified and subjected to molecular analysis utilizing combined ITS and LSU sequence data. The phylogenetic analysis identified two novel species in Neomyrmecridium, namely N. gaoligongense and N. luguense, as well as two new records in Myrmecridium, namely M. iridis and M. schulzeri. These species are characterized by possessing cylindrical, septate, unbranched conidiophores, integrated, terminal, polyblastic conidiogenous cells, and subhyaline, obovoid conidia. The four taxa are comprehensively described with colour photographs and phylogenetic analyses.
