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Application of chemical solvents especially in problematic canals is usually a part of the retreatment process. This study was performed to compare the solubility of Gutta-Percha and Resilon in chloroform and to find the effect of sample thickness as well as the time of shaking on their solubility.
Specific weight of Resilon and gutta-percha was pl...
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Citations
... Scanning electron microscopic assessment of the surface of acrylic resin following the application of chloroform shows that following the immersion of acrylic resin in chloroform for 120 seconds, small porosities form on the surface [12]. Chloroform is the most commonly used solvent in the endodontic retreatment of teeth to eliminate the root filling materials (gutta-percha and sealer) in the clinical setting [26][27][28][29][30]. According to the American Food and Drug Administration, the use of chloroform is banned in medications and cosmetic products [16,28,31] since its frequent direct contact with skin is considered carcinogenic [31][32]. ...
... Chloroform is the most commonly used solvent in the endodontic retreatment of teeth to eliminate the root filling materials (gutta-percha and sealer) in the clinical setting [26][27][28][29][30]. According to the American Food and Drug Administration, the use of chloroform is banned in medications and cosmetic products [16,28,31] since its frequent direct contact with skin is considered carcinogenic [31][32]. However, its use in dentistry has no legal limitation, and carcinogenicity of its dental applications has not been confirmed [32]. ...
Statement of the problem:
Composite restoration failures may occur because of different factors. In these situations, the repair of a composite restoration has many advantages over replacement such as saving time, lower cost, and lower risk of excessive removal of sound tooth structure and subsequent pulp exposure.
Purpose:
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of two surface treatments on shear bond strength (SBS) of new composite to old composite.
Materials and method:
In this in vitro study, 60 composite discs were fabricated using a plexiglass mold measuring 4 mm in thickness and 7 mm in diameter, and were randomly divided into three groups (n=20). In group 1, the bonding procedure was done with no modification. After roughening of one surface in all remaining samples, chloroform (CHCl3) was applied on the surface of samples in group 2 and phosphoric acid 35% was applied on the surface of the samples in group 3. PermaSeal was then applied in all samples and new composites were bonded to the surface. The samples were stored in distilled water for one week and were then subjected to 500 thermal cycles and shear bond strength between two layers of composite and mode of failures were evaluated.
Results:
The lowest and the highest SBS values of repair composite to old composite were noted in groups 3 and 1, respectively and this difference was statistically significant (p< 0.05).The difference between groups 1 and 2 was not significantly different (p= 0.197). The mode of failure was mixed in all samples of groups 2 and 3 and cohesive in group 1.
Conclusion:
After grinding, the surface treatment with phosphoric acid did not increase the SBS of new composite to old composite, while chloroform increased the SBS almost to the level of the baseline in control group.
... It may, however, indicate serious methodological errors committed by the authors of these works [512,527,528]. Conflicting information and research results are reported in the literature also regarding the possibility of removing the filling if it is necessary to repeat endodontic procedures, as there may not be any differences between resilon and gutta-percha [464,[490][491][492][493][523][524][525], gutta-percha may be advantageous [490][491][492][493][494][495][496] or on the contrary, resilon gains the upper hand [460][461][462][463][464][465]. ...
This paper is a literature review with additional virtual analyses of the authors’ own experimental research results. Knowledge from various areas was synergistically combined, appropriately for concurrent engineering, presenting several possible methodological approaches used in research, optimizing the selection of engineering materials and the conditions of their application with particular application in endodontics. Particular attention was paid to the theoretical aspects of filling material strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats SWOT analysis. Attention was paid to the original concepts of Sustainable Dentistry Development in conjunction with Dentistry 4.0, which includes endodontics as an important element. The dentists’ actions, among others, in conservative dentistry, along with endodontics, requires close cooperation with engineers and the enginering sciences. Methods of root canal preparation were described, together with selected tools, including those made of nitinol. Principles concerning the process of cleaning and shaping the pulp complex are presented. The importance of obturation methods, including the Thermo-Hydraulic-Condensation THC technique, and the selection of filling materials with the necessary sealants for the success of endodontic treatment are discussed. The experimental studies were carried out in vitro on human teeth removed for medical reasons, except for caries, for which two groups of 16 teeth were separated. After the root canal was prepared, it was filled with studs and pellets of a filling material based on polyester materials, which has gained the common trade name of resilon or, less frequently, RealSeal (SybronEndo) with an epiphany sealant. The teeth for the first group were obturated by cold lateral condensation. In the second case the obturation was performed using the Thermo-Hydraulic-Condensation technique using System B and Obtura III. The experimental leakage testing was done using a scanning electron microscope SEM and a light stereoscopic microscope LSM, as typical research tools used in materialography. The research results, in a confrontation with the data taken from the literature studies, do not indicate the domination of resilon in endodontics.
... Moreover, these fillings do not have antibacterial activity against many bacterial strains [266], or the effect is residual [267]. The research was also carried out on removing the filling if it was necessary to repeat the procedure [268][269][270][271][272][273][274][275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283][284], especially after some time. It turns out that in several studies, the lack of any differences was indicated [268,272], both with the use of hand tools [273][274][275] and rotary tools [269], although the advantage of gutta-percha with and without chloroform was also indicated [272][273][274][275][276], and when using other solvents, such as orange or eucalyptus oil [277], and when using tetrachlorethylene [278]. ...
... It turns out that in several studies, the lack of any differences was indicated [268,272], both with the use of hand tools [273][274][275] and rotary tools [269], although the advantage of gutta-percha with and without chloroform was also indicated [272][273][274][275][276], and when using other solvents, such as orange or eucalyptus oil [277], and when using tetrachlorethylene [278]. On the contrary, the advantages of the filling material with a matrix of polyester materials [279][280][281][282] were distinguished in this respect, also in the case of using chloroform [268,279,280,283] and tools of the K3 type [279,282]. Thus, there are still some sceptical opinions as to the need to replace gutta-percha with another synthetic filling material based on polyester materials [284]. ...
The importance of endodontics is presented within our own concept of Dentistry Sustainable Development (DSD) consisting of three inseparable elements; i.e., Advanced Interventionist Dentistry 4.0 (AID 4.0), Global Dental Prevention (GDP), and the Dentistry Safety System (DSS) as a polemic, with the hypothesis of the need to abandon interventionist dentistry in favour of the domination of dental prevention. In view of the numerous systemic complications of caries that affect 3−5 billion people globally, endodontic treatment effectively counteracts them. Regardless of this, the prevention of oral diseases should be developed very widely, and in many countries dental care should reach the poorest sections of society. The materials and methods of clinical management in endodontic procedures are characterized. The progress in the field of filling materials and techniques for the development and obturation of root canals is presented. The endodontics market is forecast to reach USD 2.1 billion in 2026, with a CAGR of 4.1%. The most widely used and recognized material for filling root canals is gutta-percha, recognized as the “gold standard”. An alternative is a synthetic thermoplastic filler material based on polyester materials, known mainly under the trade name Resilon. There are still sceptical opinions about the need to replace gutta-percha with this synthetic material, and many dentists still believe that this material cannot compete with gutta-percha. The results of studies carried out so far do not allow for the formulation of a substantively and ethically unambiguous view that gutta-percha should be replaced with another material. There is still insufficient clinical evidence to formulate firm opinions in this regard. In essence, materials and technologies used in endodontics do not differ from other groups of materials, which justifies using material engineering methodology for their research. Therefore, a detailed methodological approach is presented to objectify the assessment of endodontic treatment. Theoretical analysis was carried out using the methods of procedural benchmarking and comparative analysis with the use of contextual matrices to virtually optimize the selection of materials, techniques for the development and obturation of root canals, and methods for assessing the effectiveness of filling, which methods are usually used, e.g., in management science, and especially in foresight research as part of knowledge management. The results of these analyses are presented in the form of appropriate context matrices. The full usefulness of the research on the effectiveness and tightness of root canal filling using scanning electron microscopy is indicated. The analysis results are a practical application of the so-called “digital twins” approach concerning the virtual comparative analysis of biomaterials used in endodontic treatment.
... La utilización de disolventes disminuye la fuerza excesiva, los accidentes operatorios (como perforación de la raíz, enderezamiento de conductos radiculares o alteración de la forma original del conducto radicular). Así mismo disminuyen también el tiempo de trabajo y facilitan la penetración del instrumental otorgando seguridad a este paso operatorio (19,22,26) . Si bien el xilol fue la solución más eficaz en la eliminación del material de obturación en asociación con instrumental rotatorio u oscilatorio la mayoría de los odontólogos no utilizan disolventes debido a su acción tóxica (27) . ...
Nonsurgical endodontic treatment is the first choice in case of endodontic failure. The first step of retreatment is root canal opening, which will enable the biomechanical preparation of the root canal with proper irrigation and disinfection. The obturation removal protocol includes manual files, solvents and Reciproc, a single-use reciprocating file. This review of the scientific literature addresses the specific characteristics of manufacture, kinematics and function of the instruments and chemical products used in this protocol. We found that the choice of manual files, xylol and Reciproc would allow for a simple, safe and effective opening of the root canal.
... However, the small number of clinical studies focusing on the longevity of canals obturated with RS casts some doubt on its long-term effectiveness [1,[22][23][24]. ...
... Azar et al. [24] assessed the solubility of obturation materials in chloroform which is widely used for removal of the root obturation material. Higher solubility of RS system was observed in comparison with GP and AH-Plus sealer. ...
Introduction:
Retreatment of endodontically treated teeth is a challenge that requires complete removal of the previous filling material. Several techniques are indicated for this procedure. The present review tries to identify the most efficient method for extirpation of Resilon (RS) root fillings and to compare the speed and efficacy of RS and gutta-percha (GP) root filling removal.
Methods and materials:
Three trained evaluators conducted a search through three major databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Lilacs) over the articles published in the period from 2001 to 2014. The search keywords were Epiphany Sealer, Resilon, Retreatment and Removal Procedure.
Results:
Twelve articles were included in the final sample (three in vitro studies and nine randomized trials).
Conclusion:
The ProTaper (manual or rotatory) system in combination with chemical solvents is the most efficient method for removing Resilon root filling. Retreatment of Resilon is more rapid and associated with less remnants of debris.
... In terms of canal enlargement, there were no significant differences between these groups. 73 showed that solubility of Resilon in chloroform was significantly more than GP. They also presented more solubility of Resilon over the time. ...
Resilon is a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based endodontic material alternative to gutta-percha. It contains bioactive glass and also radiopaque fillers. It has the same handling properties as gutta-percha. For endodontic retreatment, it may be dissolved with some solvents, such as chloroform or softened with heat. The composition of Resilon and its sealer (Epiphany) bond to dentin and form a monoblock. A review of the literature and a discussion of its properties comparing to other root canal filling materials are presented.
How to cite this article
Mohammadi Z, Jafarzadeh H, Shalavi S, Bhandi S, Kinoshita J-I. Resilon: Review of a New Material for Obturation of the Canal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(5): 407-414.
... Previous studies revealed that chloroform is a good solvent which uses to remove softened endodontic sealers and gutta percha and has the high volatility. [2][3][4] Light-cured composites have been used increasing frequency in amalgam restorations as an alternative restorative material thanks to their esthetic features and easy to use. [5] Over the past decade, the use of resin-based dental composite fillings has increased significantly with the development of adhesive and composite resin systems. ...
... Heat or solvents are also used in removing of filling materials from root canals as well as hand and rotary tools. [2] Use of the solvents reduces the removal time of cement and amount of the residue. [13] Azar et al., [2] used chloroform as a solvent which is more effective than other organic solvents that solve root canal filling materials in their study. ...
... [2] Use of the solvents reduces the removal time of cement and amount of the residue. [13] Azar et al., [2] used chloroform as a solvent which is more effective than other organic solvents that solve root canal filling materials in their study. In this study, chloroform was also used as the solvent to remove root canal sealer. ...
... 118 Resilon has higher solubility than gutta-percha in chloroform and its solubility increases over time. 123 Another study has shown that citrol orange oil, eucalyptol and tetrachloroethylene are less effective on Resilon than on gutta-percha and xylol is more effective than orange oil and eucalyptol. 124 No statistically significant effect of different obturation materials has been reported on the accuracy of Root ZX and ProPex for tolerance limits of 0.5 1.0 mm. ...
Background and aims. An ideal root canal filling material should completely seal the entire root canal space and block communication between the root canal system and its surrounding tissues; it should also be nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, non-genotoxic, biocompatible, insoluble in tissue fluids and dimensionally stable. Bonding to dentin is a promising property, which can prevent leakage and improve the sealing ability of root canal filling materials. Resilon was developed and rec-ommended initially because the existing rootcanal filling materials did not bond to root canal dentin. Since its introduction in 2004, numerous reports have been published regarding various aspects of this material. The aim of this literature review is to present investigations regarding Resilon’s physical and chemical properties and leakage studies.
Materials and methods. A review of the literature was performed by using electronic and hand searching methods for Resilon from May 2004 to April 2012.
Results. There are many published reports regarding Resilon. The searchshowed that Resilon is composed of a parent polymer, polycaprolactone or Tone, which is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, with filler particles consisting of bioactive glass, bismuth oxychloride and barium sulfate. It possesses some antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is a promising material for root canal filling. Despite the presence of numerous case reports and case series regarding these applications, there are few designed research studies on clinical applications of this material. Resilon has some drawbacks such as high cost.
Conclusion. Resilon seals well and is a biocompatible material. However, more clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy compared with other materials.
... [7,8,9] In addition, Resilon provides a barrier that resists bacterial leakage[1, 10,11,12] by creating a bond with dentinal walls[1,2] and allows the use of possible safer organic solvents during retreatment. [28] Because of its acclaimed superior characteristics Resilon has emerged as a promising alternative to gutta-percha. [29] However, others studies show different results. ...
The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo biocompatibility of Resilon, compared with gutta-percha, at short and long-term following implantation in a rat subcutaneous implantation model.
Male Wistar rats were implanted subcutaneously with either Resilon or gutta-percha or were sham controls. Tissues were harvested at 8 days or 60 days after implantation and were evaluated histologically for inflammation and fibrous encapsulation. The severity of histologic injury, scored on a scale of 0-4 and quantitative analysis of the capsule wall thickness were determined for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed by Student t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney's tests as appropriate. A value of P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
No behavioral changes or visible signs of physical impairment were observed at 8 days or 60 days post-implantation. Histopathologic observation of the implanted sites at each time-point showed that both Resilon and gutta-percha implants induced foreign body reaction, showing minimal to mild inflammatory reactions in most cases, which diminished significantly with time. Compared with gutta-percha, the capsule wall was thinner (P < 0.05) after Resilon implantation at day 8 and significantly (P = 0.01) thicker at day 60. In addition, capsule wall thickness showed a trend to increase with time after implantation in the Resilon groups (P < 0.05), opposed to the significant decrease (P = 0.016) observed after implantation in the gutta-percha groups, suggesting lesser long-term biocompatibility of Resilon.
Our findings validate Resilon as an in vivo biocompatible material. However, our data suggest that long-term biocompatibility of Resilon, despite validated, is inferior to that of gutta-percha control.
... Resilon/Epiphany can be used with any current root canal obturation technique including lateral compaction, vertical compaction, or thermoplastic injection. It has also been shown that Resilon has higher solubility than gutta-percha in chloroform [8]. ...
The aim of this study was to compare the apical seal of curved canals obturated with Resilon/Epiphany with gutta-percha/AH Plus.
Thirty-four extracted human mandibular molars with 25-40 degree canal curvature of the mesial root were selected for this study. After preparation, the mesiobuccal canals were obturated with gutta-percha and AH- Plus sealer (group G) or Resilon and Epiphany sealer (group R). Four specimens served as control. Microleakage was evaluated after passing 3 and 30 days using the fluid filtration technique. The data were analyzed statistically using parametric tests.
In the 3-day evaluation, the mean microleakage in group R was significantly less than in group G (P< 0.05). After 30 days, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). In group G, the leakage values at the end of 30 days were significantly less than values at the end of 3 days. Although in group R the mean leakage decreased after 30 days, this reduction was not statistically significant.
Resilon/Epiphany provided a better seal than gutta-percha/AH-Plus in severely curved root canals immediately after obturation, although with the passage of time, Resilon/Epiphany was equivalent to gutta-percha/AH Plus in sealing properties.
