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Directivity curve computed with respect to the aperture B with R 2 =23.65 cm for an operating frequency of 2.5 GHz
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This article introduces a procedure for determining the optimum design of pyramidal horn antennas. The efficiencies and phase errors in the optimum design are variables and depend on the design requirements. New equations are proposed for the optimum design, which can be solved numerically or analytically.
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... these expressions do not have a single root, but many, as can be seen in Fig. 3. Its curve of directivity has several points where its derivative is zero. This also happens with the directivity of the H -plane, although the oscillations of the curve are less intense. To select the value of A and B that maximizes the directivity curve, the root can be chosen so that it is within the range ...
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Citations
... The best practical way to increase the FoM would be to make them more directional rather than radiating energy in omni direction. To accomplish this, the aperture of the horn type antennas can be increased, but definitely there would be a size beyond which it cannot be increased as the directivity of horn antennas reduce by doing so [45]. Whereas in spark gap integrated antennas, increase in dimensions of the biconical or dipole elements would shift the resonance frequency to lower side, but again, increase in length beyond certain value will not have considerable advantage in its FoM. ...
A comprehensive review paper concerning the geometry, topology, implementation methodology, feeding mechanisms and application domain of wideband and ultrawideband (UWB) antennas for high power applications is presented. Single element antennas, reflector based antennas and array type antennas developed across the globe are taken into account. The antennas considered here are grouped based on their similarity in structure and their performance is compared based on their mode of implementation. This information provides a guidance to the selection of different geometries for various applications especially in the applications pertaining to intentional electromagnetic interference(IEMI). Few antenna models were simulated in CST for the transient response to show their typical transient responses. An exhaustive comparative table is presented with the worldwide designs and some indigenous developments.
... There are several types including, the pyramid horn antenna, conical horn and the corrugated horn antenna [2], Pyramidal horn antenna is one of the most important parts of a transmission chain, it widely uses in various applications in the Microwave range [3], due to their advantages: high gain, moderate bandwidth and low voltage standing wave ratio VSWR [4]. It's construction is relatively simple, they are often used in applications where wide bandwidth is needed, such as WiMAX [5]. ...
This paper describes a pyramidal horn antenna design
which it works in a microwave domain. His operating frequency
is 4.7 GHz. The parameters of the antenna were measured
through its numerical modeling using HFSS (High Frequency
Structure Simulator) electromagnetic simulation software. HFSS
has the capability to calculate and plot a 3D image depicting the
real beam of the gain. The obtained results show that an antenna
gain of 12.90 dB was obtained at the frequency of 4.7 GHz, which
means that the antenna is properly adapted to the transmission
systems. This antenna will be used for non destructive testing
(NDT) application, such as detection of cracks in different
materials, materials characterization.
... It was demonstrated in [8] that ideal antennas can generate 3D polarizations, and here the concept is extended for pyramidal horn antennas, as well as spatially distributed electromagnetic fields. A new method introduced by the authors for optimum design of these antennas was also employed in order to ensure greater gain stability with respect to manufacturing variations [13]. ...
... The method introduced by the authors in [13] was employed to design each pyramidal horn (all equal to each other), and is herein omitted for simplicity. The optimum design ensures greater gain stability with respect to variations of the aperture dimensions [13]. ...
... The method introduced by the authors in [13] was employed to design each pyramidal horn (all equal to each other), and is herein omitted for simplicity. The optimum design ensures greater gain stability with respect to variations of the aperture dimensions [13]. The design gain was 18 dBi, frequency of 6 GHz and the waveguide WR137 (R 1 = 19.94 ...
... Pereira et al. in [8] described the method for optimum design of horn antenna. Pyramidal horn antenna finds its application in microwave range because of its better gain, low VSWR and low bandwidth. ...
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element design. Various analytical formulations proposed by previous researchers were comprehensively reviewed. Once a single horn element has been designed, N number of horn elements were arranged in a 2D array to become a horn-based phased-array antenna. The universal antenna factor formula was used to model the phased-array antenna. The uncertainty of the antenna factor formula was studied since the formula has not mentioned which type of antenna element is suitable to be implemented. The calculated and simulated gain and radiation patterns for the horn-based phased-array antenna obtained from the analytical formula and commercial EM simulator were compared and analyzed.
Standard horn antennas are an important device to evaluate many types of antennas, since they are used as a reference to any type of antennas within the microwave frequency bands. In this project the fabrication process and tests of standard horn antenna operating at X-band frequencies have been proposed. The fabricated antenna passed through multi stages of processing of its parts until assembling the final product. These stages are (milling, bending, fitting and welding). The assembled antenna subjected to two types of tests to evaluate its performance. The first one is the test by two port network analyzer to point out S & Z parameters, input resistance, and the voltage standing wave ratio of the horn, while the second test was done using un-echoic chamber to measure the gain, side lobes level and the half power beam width. The results of testing come nearly as a theoretical value of the most important of antenna parameters, like; gain, side lobe level,-3 dB beam width, return loss and voltage standing wave ratio "VSWR", input Impedance.
The Rectangular Horn antenna is used as a feeder to a dish antenna as it provides high gain, directivity, wide bandwidth and matched voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR). In this paper a dual polarized rectangular horn feed is designed for 5.5 GHz center frequency for Wifi applications. The rectangular horn antenna is designed using Computer Simulation Tool (CST) software which is a commercially available electromagnetic simulator. The described antenna is expected to be cost effective with high gain and high directivity covering a wide band width and ranging from 5.25 GHz to 5.75 GHz with a return loss of-18 dB. The outcomes showed that the most elevated horn antenna gain of 12.1dB was obtained at 5.5 GHz, which is a frequency used for wifi applications. The rectangular horn antenna can be used on ships as well as on the sea for the boat range boosting and increasing the level of power which is received for the intra wireless communications.
