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Different types of gene therapy systems that are being investigated for delivery using magnetic nanoparticles. A simplified overview of the various mechanisms with which these systems act upon internalization inside the cells. All the systems act in the cytosol except for CRISPR/Cas9 system which localizes in nucleus.
Source publication
Conventional treatment possibilities for one of the most common diseases among men, i.e., prostate cancer has several side effects. Gene-based therapy such as siRNA, CRISPR/Cas9, pDNA, and miRNA have emerged as an alternative, combating posttherapy side effects and drug resistance. Magnetic nanoparticles have been appropriately modified and functio...
Citations
... Adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, poxvirus, herpes simplex virus are the common non-viral vectors are currently being used. As a result, both viral and non-viral vectors are changed to fit various therapeutic systems, and the clinical trial's safety and efficiency are assessed [29]. Superparamagnetic NPs are used to deliver the genes inside the somatic cells of mammals, which might be utilized as a somatic cell nuclear transfer methodology for the reproductive cloning system. ...
Magnetic nanoparticles have become increasingly important for magnetically assisted medication delivery, MRI, tissue repair, gene therapy, and hyperthermia. The morphological structures of magnetic materials have received a great deal of attention due to their unique surface chemistry, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and application to various scientific applications, especially due to their inductive magnetic moments. This article assessed major experimental approaches from current research, also their potential benefits and drawbacks in terms of medical implementation in the future. This study is growing in importance as it assists to the invention of novel cancer treatments.
The use of nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the detection and treatment of cancer. Developments in protein engineering and materials science have led to the emergence of new nanoscale targeting techniques, which offer renewed hope for cancer patients. While several nanocarriers for medicinal purposes have been approved for human trials, only a few have been authorized for clinical use in targeting cancer cells. In this review, we analyze some of the authorized formulations and discuss the challenges of translating findings from the lab to the clinic. This study highlights the various nanocarriers and compounds that can be used for selective tumor targeting and the inherent difficulties in cancer therapy. Nanotechnology provides a promising platform for improving cancer detection and treatment in the future, but further research is needed to overcome the current limitations in clinical translation.
Graphical Abstract
Existing anticancer therapeutics exhibit short half-lives, non-specificity, and severe side effects. To address this, active-targeting nanoparticles have been developed; however, the complex fabrication procedures, scale-up, and low reproducibility delay FDA approval, particularly for functionalized nanoparticles. We developed levan nanoparticles via simple one-pot nanoprecipitation for specific anticancer drug delivery. Levan is a plant polysaccharide which has a binding affinity to CD44 receptors and amphiphilicity. The nanoparticles are self-assembled and enable active-targeting without chemical modifications. The paclitaxel-loaded levan nanoparticles (PTX@LevNP) demonstrated a sustained PTX release and long-term stability. The LevNP can bind CD44 receptors on cancer cells, and PTX@LevNP showed enhanced anticancer activity in CD44-positive cells (SCC7 cells). In SCC7 tumor-bearing mice, the accumulation of LevNP in tumor tissue was 3.7 times higher than that of the free-dye, resulting in improved anticancer efficacy of PTX@LevNP. This new strategy using levan can produce nanoparticles for effective cancer treatment without complex fabrication procedures.
