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Objectives: To determine and compare mesiodistal tooth width and the tooth size ratio in a Bangladeshi population. Materials and methods: The study employed the pretreatment dental casts of 260 Bangladeshi individuals, being 125 males and 135 females (age range, 18 -24 year, mean age = 20). The records used belong to 100 subjects with class I norma...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... the difference in males and females was clearly evident. Table 1 presents descriptive data on mesiodistal tooth width for both genders. Mesiodistal tooth width of upper and lower arch consistently exhibited larger in male than female except upper central incisor. ...
Context 2
... were statistically significant differences in the maxillary mesiodistal tooth width of lat- eral incisor (p < 0.05), canine and second premolar (p < 0.001). Student t test demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences among the normal occlusion and malocclusion groups for anterior and overall tooth size ratios (Table 1). ...
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Citations
... The present study found no substantial disparities between the genders and classes in the anterior, overall, and posterior ratios (a p-value of 0.05) ( Table 3). The results of our study are consistent with other studies (Smith and Buschang 2000;Akyalçin et al. 2006;Endo et al. 2008;Alam et al. 2013;Cançado et al. 2015), which showed no significant gender differences in Bolton ratios in the anterior and overall regions by mal-occlusion category. On the other hand, according to Lavelle (1972), tooth size varies across different occlusal categories and populations. ...
The goal of this study was to evaluate tooth size discrepancies in Kosovar adolescents according to the Bolton’s analysis, and to determine the differences between gender and malocclusion classes.
A sample of 400 Kosovar adolescents, aged 13–19 years with various malocclusion categories (class I, II, III) according to the Angle’s classification, was randomly selected. The anterior tooth size ratio, overall tooth size ratio, posterior tooth size ratio, as well as distribution of tooth size discrepancies were assessed. The normality of distribution was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the differences between genders by the Independent Sample T-test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, and differences among malocclusion groups by ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis, and the Dunn’s post-hoc tests.
The tooth size ratios of men and women did not differ significantly. The results also demonstrated significant differences among the malocclusion classes only for the anterior tooth size ratio (p
... Many orthodontists agree that nasal obstruction, habits, tongue thrusting, low tongue position and abnormal swallowing, and sucking behavior were reasons for narrower maxillary dental arch widths in Class II division I malocclusions compared with a normal occlusion sample. The arch width measured in this study in different Angle's Classes of malocclusion will help the clinician in diagnosis, planning of treatment of patients with different malocclusion, in choosing and stocking preformed archwires, impression trays, size of artificial teeth 19,20,[38][39][40][41] . Pretreatment intercanine and intermolar arch width is important factor and should be considered during all phases of treatment. ...
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine mean intercanine arch width & mean intermolar arch width in Angle's
class I, Class II division I, Class II Division 2 and Class III malocclusion patients.
Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment maxillary and mandibular dental casts of 104 Nepali adult patients were used for this
study. Maxillary and mandibular intercanine arch width and intermolar arch width were measured with digital caliper.
Descriptive statistics was used to measure mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviations and ranges of maxillary and mandibular intercanine and intermolar arch width. P value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean intercanine arch width in mandible in class I was 26.72 ± 1.57 mm, Class II division I 26.91 ± 2.77 mm, class
II division 2 27.39 ± 2.07 mm and class III 28.31 ± 1.65 mm while mean intercanine arch width in maxilla in class I was 35.11 ±
1.51 mm, Class II division I 32.86 ± 3.29 mm, class II division 2 34.33 ± 2.66 mm and class III 34.73 ± 2.32 mm. Mean intermolar
arch width in mandible in class I was 51.3 ± 2.83 mm, Class II division I 50.23 ± 1.80 mm, class II division 2 50.33 ± 4.01 mm
and class III 53.94 ± 3.95 mm while mean intermolar arch width in maxilla in class I was 53.52 ± 2.97 mm, Class II division I
50.87 ± 2.21 mm, class II division 2 52.07 ± 3.67 mm and class III 55.20 ± 3.50 mm.
Conclusion: Class II division I malocclusion showed narrow maxillary arch width while Class III malocclusion showed wider
mandibular arch width. Males showed wider intercanine and intermolar arch width in all the Angle's Classes of malocclusion.
... Many orthodontists agree that nasal obstruction, habits, tongue thrusting, low tongue position and abnormal swallowing, and sucking behavior were reasons for narrower maxillary dental arch widths in Class II division I malocclusions compared with a normal occlusion sample. The arch width measured in this study in different Angle's Classes of malocclusion will help the clinician in diagnosis, planning of treatment of patients with different malocclusion, in choosing and stocking preformed archwires, impression trays, size of artificial teeth 19,20,[38][39][40][41] . Pretreatment intercanine and intermolar arch width is important factor and should be considered during all phases of treatment. ...
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine mean intercanine arch width & mean intermolar arch width in Angle's class I, Class II division I, Class II Division 2 and Class III malocclusion patients.
Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment maxillary and mandibular dental casts of 104 Nepali adult patients were used for this study. Maxillary and mandibular intercanine arch width and intermolar arch width were measured with digital caliper. Descriptive statistics was used to measure mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviations and ranges of maxillary and man- dibular intercanine and intermolar arch width. P value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean intercanine arch width in mandible in class I was 26.72 ± 1.57 mm, Class II division I 26.91 ± 2.77 mm, class II division 2 27.39 ± 2.07 mm and class III 28.31 ± 1.65 mm while mean intercanine arch width in maxilla in class I was 35.11 ± 1.51 mm, Class II division I 32.86 ± 3.29 mm, class II division 2 34.33 ± 2.66 mm and class III 34.73 ± 2.32 mm. Mean intermolar arch width in mandible in class I was 51.3 ± 2.83 mm, Class II division I 50.23 ± 1.80 mm, class II division 2 50.33 ± 4.01 mm and class III 53.94 ± 3.95 mm while mean intermolar arch width in maxilla in class I was 53.52 ± 2.97 mm, Class II division I 50.87 ± 2.21 mm, class II division 2 52.07 ± 3.67 mm and class III 55.20 ± 3.50 mm.
Conclusion: Class II division I malocclusion showed narrow maxillary arch width while Class III malocclusion showed wider mandibular arch width. Males showed wider intercanine and intermolar arch width in all the Angle's Classes of malocclusion.
... Furthermore, difference in tooth size have been associated with different ethnic backgrounds and also with different malocclusions [6,7], influenced by genetic [8,9] and environmental factors [10] and various studies have investigated ethnic and sex differences in the intermaxillary tooth ratios. Bolton's ratio is one of the most commonly used methods to determine inter-arch tooth size discrepancy in orthodontic patients and has been widely used in scientific studies since its publication [11,12]. ...
... The method proposed by Bolton [10] was adopted for calculation of tooth size discrepancy: ...
... Malalignment of teeth and/or inappropriate relation between the teeth of two dental arches when they contact each other as the jaws close is called MO [1][2][3] . Anomalies within the dental arches, mal-relation of dental arches and skeletal facial discrepancies are the main characteristics features of MO [4][5][6][7] . It is one of the most common dental problems, with higher prevalence [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . ...
... Anomalies within the dental arches, mal-relation of dental arches and skeletal facial discrepancies are the main characteristics features of MO [4][5][6][7] . It is one of the most common dental problems, with higher prevalence [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . According to British standards Incisor classification, in class III MO the lower incisor edges lies anterior to the cingulum plateau or middle third of the palatal surface of the upper incisors. ...
Background: Anterior crossbite (CB) and congenital missing (CM) tooth are type of malocclusion (MO) needs special attention to improve patients aesthetic, function and psychological problems that can be successfully managed by Orthodontic treatment. Case presentation: In this clinical case, 17-year-old female patient had dental Class III MO, complicated with CM maxillary right lateral incisor tooth. Canine substitution with lateral incisor tooth in the upper arch and in the lower arch, first premolars extraction has been planned to correct anterior CB. In the progression of treatment, upper left lateral incisor has been extracted and both upper canines are substituted by lateral incisors. Conclusion: A well-balanced and esthetic occlusion by edge wise orthodontic treatment has been archived in this case.
... Most people are suffering from some degree of orthodontic problems. Heredity plays major roles as an etiologic factor for different type of malocclusion [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . Anterior cross bite / single tooth crossbite is a malocclusion in which the lingual/palatal malposition of one or more maxillary anterior teeth in relation to the mandibular anterior teeth when the teeth are in centric relation [8][9][10] . ...
Background: Malocclusion problems, improvement of patients' aesthetic, function and psychological problems can be successfully managed orthodontically. Case presentation: In this case, 23-year-old female had Class III malocclusion, complicated with midline shifting, buccally placed canines and 22 in crossbite position. Camouflage orthodontic treatment planned, in the progression of treatment, box elastics was used and inter proximal reduction in lower arch has been done. Conclusion: A well-balanced occlusion by orthodontic management of the case has been done.
... Malocclusion is most common problem of tooth/teeth, alveolar base and jaw. Most people have some degree of malocclusion and have strong hereditary component as an etiologic factor [1][2][3][4] . Anterior cross bite is a malocclusion in which the lingual malposition of one or more maxillary anterior teeth in relation to the mandibular anterior teeth when the teeth are in centric relation [5][6][7][8] . ...
Background: Successful management of malocclusion problems, improves patients' aesthetic, function and psychological problems. Case presentation: In this case, 18-year-old male had malocclusion, complicated with anterior crossbite, high canine. Orthodontic treatment proceeded, in the course of treatment, later diagnosed with ankylosed upper right lateral incisor. Surgical approach applied to move ankylosed tooth. Conclusion: Successful management of the case has been done with the help of orthodontic and surgical intervention.
... The relation between the size of maxillary and mandibular teeth is a unique guideline for the orthodontist to forecast the final probable functional and aesthetic limitations during the first stages of diagnosis and treatment [7]. Size of teeth can be influenced by both genetic [8,9] and environmental factors [10,11]. Large teeth are usually related to more crowded arches and more potential of impaction of late erupting teeth [11]. ...
... Size of teeth can be influenced by both genetic [8,9] and environmental factors [10,11]. Large teeth are usually related to more crowded arches and more potential of impaction of late erupting teeth [11]. The balance between mesiodistal size of maxillary and mandibular teeth is necessary to achieve final goals in orthodontic treatment such as perfect interdigitations, normal overbite, normal overjet, coordination of the shape of arches and long term stability of the treatment [11,12]. ...
... Large teeth are usually related to more crowded arches and more potential of impaction of late erupting teeth [11]. The balance between mesiodistal size of maxillary and mandibular teeth is necessary to achieve final goals in orthodontic treatment such as perfect interdigitations, normal overbite, normal overjet, coordination of the shape of arches and long term stability of the treatment [11,12]. Bolton, in 1958, found a ratio between total mesiodistal widths of mandibular and maxillary teeth and claimed that an exact value of this ratio is required to reach the ideal occlusion [13]. ...
Objectives:
Bolton ratio is used as a method for diagnosis of tooth size discrepancy. Tooth size discrepancy has an important role in the stability of results of final orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine and compare Bolton ratio in normal occlusion and different malocclusion groups of Iranian population.
Materials and methods:
This descriptive-analytic study comprises 240 orthodontic patient casts (for every malocclusion group: class I, class II division 1, class II division 2, class III, 30 males and 30 females) which have fully erupted and complete permanent dentitions from first molar to first molar, and also 60 persons (30 male-30 female) with normal occlusion. The mesiodistal tooth sizes were measured using digital caliper two times with a 4-week interval.
Results:
The average mesiodistal size of all teeth in the malocclusion group was significantly bigger than in the normal occlusion group. Although there was no relationship between anterior ratio and gender or malocclusion groups, but a significant relationship between total ratio in Class II division 1 and normal occlusion was seen. Furthermore, a significant difference between anterior and total ratios in the present study and original Bolton's values was found.
Conclusions:
In the normal occlusion group, the anterior and total ratios were bigger than those in Bolton's original study. Also, "class II division 1" showed the lowest values of Bolton ratio among the other normal occlusion and malocclusion groups. Therefore, the original Bolton's values should be used conservatively in Iranian population.
... Besides that, sexual dimorphism of the teeth dimension is related to humanoid sex genes and hormones and is influenced by their imbalance (7)(8)(9). Furthermore, teeth size have been studied worldwide in order to compare various populations that have specific characteristics and to determine the patterns of variability between different teeth, associations within and between dental arches (1,2,5,6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). ...
... These findings are in the line with previous researches on several other populations (13)(14)(15)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). On the other hand, some other investigations showed statistically significant differences between genders in the overall ratio for the malocclusion groups (23,25) and in the anterior ratio (23,26). ...
... However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the mean overall and anterior ratios between Class I, Class II/1, Class II/2, Class III and normal occlusion. This finding is in agreement with those of previous studies on other populations (13,22,24,29). When comparing the mean values of anterior and overall ratios of normal occlusion and malocclusion groups with Bolton's reference values, there were no significant differences, except for Class I in both ratios, Class II/2 in the anterior ratio and Class III in the overall ratio. ...
Background: Several methods have been described to estimate inter-arch tooth size relationship, such as Bolton’s ratios. The aims of this study were to verify the validity of Bolton indexes in a sample of untreated Portuguese subjects based on Angle classification and to evaluate the gender difference.
Materials and Methods: 168 pre-treatment dental casts of orthodontics Portuguese subjects (59 males and 109 females) with different occlusions were used, which were selected randomly from 541 consecutively treated orthodontic patients. The mesiodistal widths from first molar to first molar were measured on each pre-treatment cast to the nearest 0.01 mm using digital caliper, and Bolton’s anterior and overall ratios were calculated. Descriptive statistics as mean, standard deviation and range were calculated. Moreover, the results were compared to Bolton’s ratios and differences based on gender and occlusion groups were evaluated by statistical inference methods.
Results: The results reveal that the mean values, standard deviation and range were larger than Bolton’s in normal occlusion group (78.3±3.5% in anterior ratio and 92.1±2.2% in overall ratio) and there were no differences between genders (p>0.05). Class I (anterior and overall ratios, p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), Class II/2 (anterior ratio, p=0.032) and Class III (overall ratio, p=0.041) were significantly different from Bolton's reference data.
Conclusion: The results showed no differences between gender and no difference between normal occlusion and malocclusion groups. Moreover, in normal occlusion group, the anterior and overall tooth size ratios was equivalent to the original Bolton’s ratios, although the mean and standard deviation were large.
... MD crown diameters exhibited sexual disparities, which is consistent with previous published studies utilizing various ethnic groups. 17,[32][33][34][35][36][37] Due to variations in tooth sizes and advances in digital dental model technology, such research needs to be done in other populations to assess its wider applicability as an adjunct for treatment planning and diagnosis in orthodontics during the mixed dentition stage. ...
Objective:
The primary aim of the study was to generate new prediction equations for the estimation of maxillary and mandibular canine and premolar widths based on mandibular incisors and first permanent molar widths.
Methods:
A total of 2,340 calculations (768 based on the sum of mandibular incisor and first permanent molar widths, and 1,572 based on the maxillary and mandibular canine and premolar widths) were performed, and a digital stereomicroscope was used to derive the the digital models and measurements. Mesiodistal widths of maxillary and mandibular teeth were measured via scanned digital models.
Results:
There was a strong positive correlation between the estimation of maxillary (r = 0.85994, r(2) = 0.7395) and mandibular (r = 0.8708, r(2) = 0.7582) canine and premolar widths. The intraclass correlation coefficients were statistically significant, and the coefficients were in the strong correlation range, with an average of 0.9. Linear regression analysis was used to establish prediction equations. Prediction equations were developed to estimate maxillary arches based on Y = 15.746 + 0.602 × sum of mandibular incisors and mandibular first permanent molar widths (sum of mandibular incisors [SMI] + molars), Y = 18.224 + 0.540 × (SMI + molars), and Y = 16.186 + 0.586 × (SMI + molars) for both genders, and to estimate mandibular arches the parameters used were Y = 16.391 + 0.564 × (SMI + molars), Y = 14.444 + 0.609 × (SMI + molars), and Y = 19.915 + 0.481 × (SMI + molars).
Conclusions:
These formulas will be helpful for orthodontic diagnosis and clinical treatment planning during the mixed dentition stage.
