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Differences in sleep duration for those who work and don't work and the workload of adolescent workers. Asterisk denotes statistical significance p < 0.001 performed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn post-hoc tests.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with short sleep duration on southern Brazilian high school students. Our study was comprised of 1,132 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, enrolled in public high schools in São José, Brazil. The students answered a questionnaire about working (work and workload), health perception, smoki...
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... Apesar da diferença percentual parecer pequena, ela é estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) como visto na Tabela 2, indicando que há relação entre o sono e a variável trabalho. Os achados são śemelhantes aos estudos de Amaral, Galdino & Martins (2021), realizado em universitários e o de Felden et al. (2017), com estudantes de ensino médio, onde encontraram piora da qualidade do sono naqueles que possuíam trabalho além dos estudos. ...
RESUMO: O sono é um fenômeno primordial que reúne uma combinação de diversos eventos fisiológicos importantes para nosso funcionamento. O ingresso no ensino superior, torna os estudantes alvo de fatores que levam a privação do sono, como a dedicação às atividades acadêmicas e empregos. O objetivo foi comparar a qualidade do sono de universitários que apenas estudam e aqueles que também trabalham. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, comparativo, observacional e transversal, utilizando do método Snowball. A amostra foi de 308 estudantes. 77,6% sendo do sexo feminino. Idade média de 21 anos. 38,6% trabalham além de estudar. 80,18% apresentou qualidade do sono ruim ou muito ruim. Menor prevalência de boa qualidade de sono entre estudantes que trabalham que naqueles que apenas estudam, sendo 14,28% e 23,28%, respectivamente (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que a qualidade do sono está reduzida nos universitários em geral, sendo ainda menor em estudantes que conciliam trabalho e estudo. Palavras-chave: Sono; Qualidade do Sono; Estudantes Universitários; Trabalho.
... Although some studies utilized the same study/sample, different cutoffs were adopted across them. Eight articles applied sleep duration cutoffs proposed by health organizations to describe sleep compliance (24-hour Canadian guideline, National Sleep Foundation) 16,20,25,27,31,32,34,53 . Other studies classified sleep duration as adequate or inadequate based on varying cutoff values with ≥8 hours per day as the most frequent criteria (n = 13). ...
This study aimed to summarize existing research examining the prevalence of
adequate sleep duration or meeting sleep recommendations among Brazilian children and adolescents. A systematic review was conducted on eight databases. The criteria for inclusion were original research, samples including Brazilian children and adolescents (age 0–18), studies that reported variables regarding sleep duration using both objective or subjective measures, school- or population-based surveys with random sampling, and cross-sectional or cohort studies. Of the 54 articles included, only 27 used data from different studies. Most of the studies were co nducted in the southern region (n = 17) with only two studies having a nationally representative sample. Two studies included children below age five, and the age group most investigated was adolescents (>10 years old). A majority of the studies used a self-reported questionnaire and showed variability in the cutoff point applied for adequate sleep duration with the most reported being ≥8 hours. The proportion of adolescents who met recommendations or had adequate sleep duration ranged from 15% to 89%. Among children, the prevalence ranged from 17% to 95%. The least variability was observed among toddlers, ranging from 93% to 95%. No consist ent gender differences were observed among the gender-stratified groups of children and adolescents across the studies. It can be observed that, because of the wide range of results and the lack of data with national representativeness, the prevalence of sufficient sleep among young people aged below 18 remains undefined in Brazil
... Previous studies trying to characterize the main factors associated with short sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescence indicated that school start time could play a significant role [15,16]. In the Brazilian education system, school operation format has traditionally been multishift, with morning and afternoon shifts. ...
... Previous studies Brazilian [25] and North American [40,41] adolescents reported similar results. The relationship between screen time and sleep duration or excessive daytime sleepiness is not fully understood [16,41]. Adolescents with short sleep duration have been found to spend more time on sedentary behaviors, including watching TV, and it has been suggested that this preference for spending more time in activities with low energy expenditure could be a consequence of excessive daytime sleepiness [16]. ...
... The relationship between screen time and sleep duration or excessive daytime sleepiness is not fully understood [16,41]. Adolescents with short sleep duration have been found to spend more time on sedentary behaviors, including watching TV, and it has been suggested that this preference for spending more time in activities with low energy expenditure could be a consequence of excessive daytime sleepiness [16]. ...
Objective:
To investigate the prevalence and main factors associated with short and long sleep duration and excessive daytime sleepiness in Brazilian adolescents.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study of 11.525 students of both genders, aged 14-17 years, from the public high-school system. Sleep duration was assessed by self-report and <8 h of sleep per day was considered short sleep and >10 h, long sleep. Socio-demographic and behavioral factors were investigated through a purpose-built questionnaire and daytime somnolence was assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).
Results:
The overall prevalence of short and long sleep was 54.7% and 3.3%, respectively. Frequency of short sleep was lowest in the afternoon shift (38.2%) and highest in the morning shift (62.9%) and full-day students (70.0%). Insufficient sleep was more frequent in working (63.0%) than non-working adolescents (53.1%; p = 0.001) and among those who used their cell phone before bedtime (56.3%) compared to non-users (49.7%, p = 0.001). On average, ESS score was higher in subjects with short and long sleep (respectively, 9.7 ± 4.4 and 10.0 ± 4.5) compared to those with normal sleep duration (8.9 ± 4.2; p = 0.001).
Conclusion:
Insufficient sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness are very common among urban high-school Brazilian adolescents. Full day and morning school shifts are associated with short sleep and daytime somnolence, suggesting later start times may have a role in reducing sleep loss in these subjects. Older age, work activity, and cell phone use before bedtime, are also risk factors for of short sleep in adolescents. Although less common, long sleep can also be associated with excessive daytime sleepiness.
... Moreover, it has been well-documented that workload can negatively affect sleep. Gomes Felden et al. [15] have shown that higher workload is associated with shorter sleep duration among Brazilian high school students. Gyorffy et al. [16] have demonstrated the impact of increasing workload on sleep disorders among female physicians. ...
Background
Occupational fatigue of nurses can jeopardize health and safety of both nurses and patients. Therefore, it is important to discover the major factors related to fatigue in order to implement appropriate preventive programs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the links among workload, sleep quality, and fatigue.
Methods
Workload, sleep quality, and occupational fatigue were measured using the NASA-Total Load Index (TLX), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI-20), respectively. Data associated with registered nurses from university hospitals located in Hamadan, Iran, were collected. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to determine the links among workload, sleep quality, and occupational fatigue.
Results
One hundred and sixty-two nurses participated in this study. The mean age and experience were 32.1 (±7.5) and 8.1 (±6.8) years, respectively. The results of the SEM model showed that the direct effect of workload on fatigue was not significant (path coefficient = 0.15, p = 0.076), while workload had a significant effect on sleep quality (path coefficient=−0.25, p < 0.01) and sleep quality had a significant effect on fatigue (path coefficient=−0.35, p < 0.01). Therefore, the effect of workload on fatigue is fully mediated by sleep quality.
Conclusions
As the effect of workload on fatigue was totally mediated by sleep quality, fatigue may be reduced by implementing sleep quality promotion programs.
... Numerous studies have found a high prevalence of short sleep duration and poor sleep quality in adolescents (Chung and Cheung 2008;Lund et al. 2010;Pereira et al. 2015). Similarly, they have been found to be the main variables associated with daytime sleepiness (Carskadon and Dement 1987;Carskadon et al. 1993;Curcio et al. 2006;Felden et al. 2017;Gibson et al. 2006;Pereira et al. 2010;FELDEN et al., 2016b; Randazzo et al. 1998). This relationship between short sleep duration and poor sleep quality with daytime sleepiness can be partially explained by the delay of melatonin rhythms common in adolescence (Carskadon 2011), which is associated with an ontogenetic tendency of puberty (Andrade et al. 1993). ...
The objective of the present study was to propose cutoff points for the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) through sensitivity and specificity analyses in order to identify excessive daytime sleepiness, considering parameters such as duration and quality of sleep, health perception, stress control and depressive moods (feelings of sadness) in adolescents. A total of 1,132 adolescents, aged 14–19 years old, of both sexes, from the public high school of São José – SC, answered the questionnaire with information on age, daytime sleepiness, sleep duration, health perception, stress management, depressive moods (feelings of sadness) and quality of sleep. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate cutoff points considering the sensitivity and specificity values that best identify adolescents with excessive daytime sleepiness, using independent variables as a reference. The majority of the sample was female (54.2%), aged 14–16 years. The girls presented worse quality of sleep (66.4%), and the boys had a more positive perception of health (74.8%), better stress control (64.8%) and lower depressive moods (feelings of sadness) (63.3%). The largest area in the ROC curve was the one that considered sleep quality as a parameter in both sexes (area of the curve = 0.709 and 0.659, respectively, for boys and girls, p < 0.001). Considering sleep quality as a reference, the cutoff point for excessive daytime sleepiness was 15 points. The other parameters used were also significant (p < 0.005). Poor sleep quality was the parameter most strongly related to daytime sleepiness, and a cutoff of 15 points for the PDSS for both sexes should be used in the definition of excessive daytime sleepiness. For the other parameters, stress management, depressive mood (feelings of sadness) and health perception, different cutoff points are suggested for boys and girls.
Background
Nurses have to work different and often irregular shifts to provide care. This puts nurses at health risks, such as sleep impairment.
Design and methods
The aim of this study was to test the comprehensive conceptual framework for predicting shift work sleep disorder of female nurses, we used a structural equation model analysis based on shift worker’s coping and transactional stress coping theory. This study used a cross-sectional design. We collected the data from three public hospitals and three private hospitals in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, with a total sample of 201 female shift work nurses. Data were collected from February to April 2020. We were also granted permission by the director and the head nurse of these hospitals. After obtaining the informed consent forms, we distributed the online self-report questionnaire using Google Forms. Demographic data were evaluated using descriptive statistical analysis. We used a structural equation model analysis to test the comprehensive conceptual framework for predicting shift work sleep disorder of female shift work nurses.
Results
The model’s effectiveness in predicting factors contributing to shift work sleep disorder was confirmed by the good statistical fit indicated by the comparative fit index, root-mean-square error of approximation, incremental fit index, and Tucker Lewis Index.
Conclusions
This study provides evidences that workload and interpersonal conflict contribute to occupational stress. Workload, interpersonal conflict, and the biological sleep clock influences shift work sleep disorder through mediators of coping strategies and stress.
Introduction
Social jetlag is associated with several negative health outcomes, but its impact on asthma control has not been previously investigated. Although impaired sleep is common in asthma, studies on the relationship between sleep quality, social jetlag and asthma control in adolescents are scarce.
Objective
To investigate the relationship between asthma control and sleep quality, sleep-wake pattern and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study of 1457 Brazilian high-school adolescents. Asthma was identified using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire, and disease control was measured by the Asthma Control Test. Sleep-wake pattern and social jetlag were assessed by the Munich Chrono-Type Questionnaire; sleep quality, by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; and daytime sleepiness, by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
Results
Asthma was present in 250 (17.2%) participants and was classified as uncontrolled in 120 (47.9%). Both uncontrolled and controlled asthma groups, compared with non-asthmatics, had worse sleep quality (81.7% vs 77.4% vs 56.5%; p < 0.001) and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS: 56.2% vs 56.5% vs 39.2%; p < 0.001). On average, adolescents with uncontrolled asthma, compared to non-asthmatics, showed later sleep onset (mean ± SD: 23:54pm ± 1 h:45min vs 23:20pm ± 1 h:27min; p = 0.002) and shorter sleep duration (5.7 h ± 1.8 h vs 6.3 h ± 1.4 h; p = 0.002) on school days. No significant difference in social jetlag was found among the three groups.
Conclusions
Asthma is associated with EDS and poor-quality sleep in adolescents. Social jetlag is common in these subjects and is not related to the presence and control of asthma.
Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi verificar associação entre trabalho e fatores sociodemográficos, de condutas de saúde e de risco cardiovasculares em adolescentes brasileiros. Foram analisados dados do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), com amostra constituída de 37.815 adolescentes com idades entre 12 e 17 anos, estudantes do turno matutino. Considerando a amostragem complexa, foram calculadas as Razões de Prevalências (RP) brutas e ajustadas com estimativas intervalares para as variáveis usando modelo de regressão múltipla de Poisson com estimativa robusta da variância. Os fatores sociodemográficos associados ao trabalho entre adolescentes brasileiros foram: sexo masculino (RP 1,34), idade entre 15 e 17 anos (RP 1,68), escolaridade materna até o fundamental (RP 1,26), de escola pública (RP 1,63) e da zona rural (RP 1,90). Em relação a hábitos de vida e comportamento social, a associação foi significativa em alunos ativos fisicamente (RP 1,19) e que consumiam álcool (RP 1,35). Em conclusão, o trabalho entre adolescentes brasileiros estudantes do turno matutino ainda está ligado fortemente às questões sociais. O trabalho foi associado ao consumo de álcool e não houve associação com marcadores metabólicos.
Objectives
Smoking has many deleterious consequences on health, one of which can be sleep-related issues. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed with the aim of pooling results from studies on the relationship between smoking and sleep-related issues.Methods
The present study follows PRISMA guidelines. Databases were searched by both researchers to find the articles. The review was done up to December 2018. In order to analyze the results of the screened articles, statistical indexes were converted to logarithms and the studies were combined with each other. Finally, several analyses were conducted with respect to various subgroups. In the subgroup analysis, the pool index of the studies was determined and the degree of heterogeneity in each subgroup was presented. Meta-regression was also used.ResultsSmoking is associated with a risk of developing sleep-related issues. Risk ratio (1.47; 1.20–1.79) for smokers was higher than for non-smokers. Egger’s test and Begg’s test indicated publication bias.Conclusions
Smoking is associated with sleep-related issues. Informing smokers about the effects of smoking on sleep issues can be effective in reducing and preventing its consequences.
Purpose of review:
The investigation of the relationship between the time of day that school begins and the effects it could have on students began in the mid-1990s. Since that time, many articles have been written either for the medical literature or the educational literature. This review is intended to bridge that gap by examining together the findings for both academic and health outcomes, exploring what we know and what is needed in further investigation.
Recent findings:
Teens who are sleep deficient (defined as obtaining less than 8 h per night) because of early starting time for their school are much more likely to engage in risky behaviours, such as drug, cigarette and alcohol use, have significant feelings of depression, get lower grades and are at greater risk for car crashes. Many studies of academic performance and later school start time indicate benefits, although further research is needed to understand the related mechanisms that contribute to improvements in achievement. Recent research in adolescent sleep and outcomes is being shaped by not only measuring sleep duration, but also examining the timing in which sleep occurs.
Summary:
Early school starting time for middle and high students has a clear, deleterious effect on their health and well being. Most recently, sleep deficit in teens is being viewed as a public health issue that needs a wider discussion about its impact and it necessitates improved public education about the sleep phase shift that occurs during adolescence.
