Fig 4 - uploaded by Juan Carlos Zamora
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-Diferencias en la morfología de la columela, apófisis, pseudoestípite y capa pseudoparenquimática entre Geastrum striatum y G. parvistriatum. a, b: G. striatum. c, d: G. parvistriatum.
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Citations
... In contrast to the tropical regions, the genus Geastrum is considered as well-studied in Europe (e.g. Sunhede 1989;Calonge and Zamora 2003;Zamora and Calonge 2007). Taxonomy and systematics of European earthstars (Geastrum and Myriostoma Desv.) have been reviewed by Jeppson et al. (2013), who accepted 30 Geastrum s. str. ...
The recently revised Geastrum minimum species complex in sect. Geastrum subsect. Quadrifida revealed that the name G. minimum is a nomen ambiguum and dubium and was collectively used for at least two European species (viz. G. granulosum and G. marginatum ). During the morphological revision of the Hungarian materials labelled as G. minimum , different crystal structures were found on the endoperidial body of some specimens than those of characteristic for G. granulosum and G. marginatum . These collections were exclusively found on open rocky grassy vegetation on dolomite bedrock in Hungary. Multigene phylogenetic analyses involving nrITS, nrLSU, rpb 1, atp 6 and tef 1-α sequences of the collections with unique crystal morphology and ecology revealed that these form a distinct clade in close relationship with G. granulosum s.l. (i.e. specimens from Europe and North America). Based on molecular evidence, macro- and micromorphology as well as X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) characterisation of the mesoperidial crystals, here we propose the new species Geastrum dolomiticum .
... The South European and recently proposed G. parvistriatum (Zamora & Calonge 2007) has been carefully compared with other morphologically close European taxa, particularly to G. stri atum, and the differences of both species are clearly established by both morphological and molecular phylogenetic data Zamora et al. 2014). However, Zamora et al. (2014) included sequences of the Argentinian G. glaucescens, a species that seems to be phylogenetically very close to G. par vistriatum. ...
... bonita, 24 Nov. 2006, J.C. Zamora, holotype MA-Fungi 69583!, isotypes K(M) 147057! and PC 0092573! Numerous paratypes were also cited by Zamora & Calonge (2007). Synoptic description (based on Zamora & Calonge (2007) and studied specimens) -Exoperidium (13 -)19 -47 mm diam in horizontal position, arched, divided in 5 -12 non-hygrometric rays. ...
... Numerous paratypes were also cited by Zamora & Calonge (2007). Synoptic description (based on Zamora & Calonge (2007) and studied specimens) -Exoperidium (13 -)19 -47 mm diam in horizontal position, arched, divided in 5 -12 non-hygrometric rays. Endoperidial body 5 -16 mm diam, mostly dark brown to blackish. ...
A revision of the classification of Geastrum sect. Geastrum is presented on the basis of an integrative taxonomic approach, which involves the study of morphological, molecular, ecological, and chorological data. Four DNA regions are analysed: the ITS and LSU nrDNA, rpb1,
and atp6. Phylogenetic reconstructions include 95 ingroup samples and show five main clades, which are considered as five subsections, one of them proposed as new (G. subsect. Hungarica), and a total of 27 lineages recognizable at species level. Discriminant function analyses,
ANOVAs and Tukey's HSD tests on more than 500 basidiomata reveal the utility of several quantitative morphological characters for species delimitation. As a result of the combination of the different sources of taxonomic information, a revised taxonomy is presented and seven new species, viz.,
G. austrominimum, G. benitoi, G. britannicum, G. kuharii, G. meridionale, G. papinuttii, and G. thanatophilum, are proposed.
... More than 10 new taxa of Geastrum have been proposed since 2000 (Baseia and Milanez 2003, Calonge and Mata 2004, Dö rfelt et al. 2004, Calonge et al. 2005, Douanla-Meli et al. 2005, Baseia and Calonge 2006, Zamora and Calonge 2007, Fazolino et al. 2008, Kuhar and Papinutti 2009, Hemmes and Desjardin 2011, Kuhar et al. 2013, showing that an important number of taxa are still undescribed. ...
... Calonge 1998, Sarasini 2005, Kasuya et al. 2012. Calonge and Zamora (2003) recorded G. arenarium Lloyd as new for the European mycobiota, and Zamora and Calonge (2007) described G. parvistriatum J.C. Zamora & Calonge as a new species from Spain. Jeppson et al. (2013) revised the European species of Geastraceae based on a molecular approach, contributing to solving the taxonomy of these taxa. ...
Systematics of the recently proposed Geastrum sect. Schmidelia are addressed through statistical analyses of quantitative morphological variables and phylogenetic reconstructions based on a multilocus approach. Emphasis is given to the taxonomic placement of G. schmidelii var. parvisporum. This variety is found to be not phylogenetically close to G. schmidelii var. schmidelii, the type species of G. sect. Schmidelia, and it therefore is excluded from this section, taxonomically raised to species rank (as G. parvisporum) and included as a member of G. sect. Hariotia. A second species in G. sect. Schmidelia is recognized and formally described as G. senoretiae. It is characterized by small basidiomata, non-hygrometric exoperidium, subsessile endoperidium and finely plicate, indistinctly delimited peristome, so far known only from Spain. Photographs and drawings are included, along with a comparison of morphologically close taxa. The presence of sclerified basidia in the mature gleba, previously not reported in the genus, is commented on.
... New species have been found also in temperate Europe and Asia (e.g. Gardezi, 2005;Zamora & Calonge, 2007). Recently Jeppson (2013) published a field guide in Swedish including descriptions and photos of all species of Geastraceae currently known to occur in Europe. ...
... In this study, 66 ingroup specimens were sequenced, including the type specimen of Geaster pseudostriatus Holl os (BP). They represent the majority of all known described species in Geastrum, Radiigera and Myriostoma that occur in Europe (Sunhede, 1989), with the exception of G. welwitschii, but with the addition of G. xerophilum (new to Europe, detected in the present study) and the recently described G. parvistriatum (Zamora & Calonge, 2007). Trichaster melanocephalus is included in accordance with Stan ek (1958), Kasuya et al. (2012) and Sunhede (2012). ...
... Notes. Geastrum parvistriatum is a small earthstar, recently described from central Spain (Zamora & Calonge, 2007). It shares several morphological features with G. striatum, e.g. ...
Phylogenetic relationships among European earthstars were inferred using sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed region (ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2), partial nuclear large subunit (LSU), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (Tef-α). The phylogenetic analyses recovered 11 clades that correlate to 31 morphological species and species groups. A close relationship of Myriostoma coliforme and Geastrum was supported by the molecular data. The genus Radiigera was found to be polyphyletic, and the four species were recovered in different clades within Geastrum. Radiigera bushnellii, R. flexuosa, R. fuscogleba and R. taylori are therefore combined in Geastrum. One of the supported terminal clades is likely to represent an undescribed species that occurs in east central Europe. Notes on the morphology and ecology for each species are given, including a key to the 31 species of earthstars occurring in Europe.
... Colors were described in well-preserved dry specimens and indicated following Maerz & Paul (1930). Bates (2004, Dominguez de Toledo (1989), Sunhede (1989), Soto & Wright (2000), Ponce de Leon (1968), Calonge (1998) and Zamora & Calonge (2007) were used as standard references in the determination of collections. fine particles of debris and sand; fibrous layer creamy white (2A1); pseudoparenchymatous layer whitish to pallid brown (14C7) when immature, rimulose in age; endoperidial body 5–12 mm wide almost sessile, globose, slightly pruinose, pallid brown (14C7); apophysis reduced; peristome fibrillose, conical, delimited, darker, concolorous, or lighter than the surrounding endoperidium; gleba brown (7H10), cottony. ...
A survey of Geastrum species from arid lands in the La Rioja province (northwestern Argentina) recovered fourteen species previously unreported from the province: G. arenarium, G. campestre var. famatinum, G. corollinum, G. fimbriatum, G. floriforme, G. glaucescens, G. hieronymi, G. aff. lloydianum, G. pampeanum, G. pampeanum var. pallidum, G. parvistriatum, G. rufescens, G. saccatum, and G. schmidelii. Of these, new records are G. corollinum for Argentina, G. arenarium for South America, and G. parvistriatum for the Americas, and G. campestre var. famatinum is proposed as a new variety. Each taxon is described, and photographs of basidiomes and SEM micrographs illustrating spores are provided for selected taxa.
... New species have been found also in temperate Europe and Asia (e.g. Gardezi, 2005;Zamora & Calonge, 2007). Recently Jeppson (2013) published a field guide in Swedish including descriptions and photos of all species of Geastraceae currently known to occur in Europe. ...
... In this study, 66 ingroup specimens were sequenced, including the type specimen of Geaster pseudostriatus Holl os (BP). They represent the majority of all known described species in Geastrum, Radiigera and Myriostoma that occur in Europe (Sunhede, 1989), with the exception of G. welwitschii, but with the addition of G. xerophilum (new to Europe, detected in the present study) and the recently described G. parvistriatum (Zamora & Calonge, 2007). Trichaster melanocephalus is included in accordance with Stan ek (1958), Kasuya et al. (2012) and Sunhede (2012). ...
... Notes. Geastrum parvistriatum is a small earthstar, recently described from central Spain (Zamora & Calonge, 2007). It shares several morphological features with G. striatum, e.g. ...
Lycoperdon rupicola and L. subumbrinum are here described as new species. The former is a morphologically characteristic species forming small subglobose to pyriforme fruiting bodies with a prominent, protruding and stellately lobed stoma. In the phylogenetic analyses the six sequences of L. rupicola form a clade with 100% BS and 1.0 BPP, clustering with L. dermoxanthum. The proposed species grows among mosses on siliceous boulders and flat rocks as well as on open, sandy soil in temperate and hemiboreal regions. The records to date indicate its presence in Fennoscandia and Spain (Catalunya). L. subumbrinum morphologically resembles L. umbrinum but differs in having coarser ornamentation of its spores. In the phylogenetic analyses the five sequences of L. subumbrinum form a clade with 100% BS and 1.0 BPP, clustering with L. muscorum. The records to date, originating from southernmost Sweden and NW Slovakia, indicate that L. subumbrinum is a species of rich deciduous forests.
L. muscorum is recorded for the first time from the Iberian peninsula (Spain).
... Spores globose, 4.3-5.7 μm wide, verrucose with long verrucae that are frequently coalescent at their apices. Comments-There are no differences between the accurate description of Zamora & Calonge (2007) and our material. Our collections were also made on sandy soil, as were the Spanish type material. ...
... Our collections were also made on sandy soil, as were the Spanish type material. This is the first report of G. parvistriatum from the Americas, although G. striatum (and perhaps G. schmidelii) specimens there should be re-evaluated in light of Zamora & Calonge (2007). Pers., Syn. ...
The taxonomic utility of two characters not previously used for identification of Geastrum species is evaluated. First, macrochemical spot tests with chemicals detecting phenoloxidase enzymatic activity (1-naphthol, guaiac gum, and syringaldazine), are performed. In addition, the usefulness of the crystalline deposits from the rhizomorphs, formed by calcium oxalate as monohydrate or whewellite, and dihydrate or weddellite, was evaluated. These features provide valuable data to distinguish some taxa difficult to separate using traditional morphology, such as G. lageniforme, G. saccatum, and G. triplex.
