Developmental stages of the aphid, A. gossypii Glover. (a). The eggs. (b) The first instar nymph. (c) The second instar nymph. (d) The third instar nymph. (e) The fourth instar nymph and (f) The adult.

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... in color and transparent and after one day they turned grayish and elongated in shape. The compound eyes were oval, very conspicuous and red in color. The two antennae were prominent. The legs were not well developed and the thoracic segments were not markedly differentiated from each other and abdomen was relatively small and nine segmented (Fig. 1b). The nymphs of second instar were measured as 0.19 ± 0.004 mm in length and 0.04 ± 0.002 mm in width (Table 1). They were structurally similar to the developed first instar but very sluggish, moved slowly around the host leaves. Thoracic regions were distinctly separated from each other (Fig 1c). The third instar nymphs were measured 0 ...

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... were structurally similar to the developed first instar but very sluggish, moved slowly around the host leaves. Thoracic regions were distinctly separated from each other (Fig 1c). The third instar nymphs were measured 0 .2 1 ± 0 .0 ...

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... ± 0.002 mm in width ( Table 1). The general body was yellow except the ventral surface which was pale. The antenna was prominent and eyes were red. Prominent wings pad were present. Two black spot were situated on the vertex and two round black spot s on the meta-notum. In the abdomen, sub dorsal stripes were brown and the mid dorsum was yellow (Fig. 1d). The fourth instar nymphs were measured as 0.22 ± 0.005 mm in length and 0.05 ± 0.002 mm in width ( Table 1). The bodies were dark in color due to presence of wax secretions. The compound eyes were dark red. The rudimentary wings were quite distinct. The prothorax and mesothorax were clearly separated and the abdomen was more elongated ...

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... The fourth instar nymphs were measured as 0.22 ± 0.005 mm in length and 0.05 ± 0.002 mm in width ( Table 1). The bodies were dark in color due to presence of wax secretions. The compound eyes were dark red. The rudimentary wings were quite distinct. The prothorax and mesothorax were clearly separated and the abdomen was more elongated than thorax (Fig. 1e). Lastly the adults were measured from 0.22 ± 0.005 mm in length and 0.05 ± 0.002 mm in width (Table 1). The adults were quite variable in color. The most common (90%) ones were pale green and the others were whitish, yellowish, or dark green in color. They feed themselves through sucking mouth parts called stylets, enclosed in a sheath ...

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... "cornicles" or "siphunculi"and abdominal tubes and they were black in color. The adult have a tail-like protrusion called a "cauda" above their rectal apertures. Head and thorax were black and abdomen was yellowish green except for the tip of the abdomen that was darker. The egg-laying females were dark pinkish green and the males were similar (Fig. 1f). The duration of reproductive period of the adults was about 15 days and the post reproductive period was about 5 days. These values varied considerably with the changes in ...