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Detarioideae. A, Goniorrhachis marginata; B, Hymenaea stigonocarpa; C, Daniellia ogea; D, Peltogyne chrysopis; E, Brodriguesia santosii; F, Brownea longipedicellata; G, Amherstia nobilis; H, Brachycylix vageleri; I, Cryptosepalum tetraphyllum; J, Paramacrolobium coeruleum; K, Gilbertiodendron quinquejugum; L, Aphanocalyx pteridophyllus. — Photos: A, D & F, Domingos Cardoso; B, Luciano P. de Queiroz; C, I, J & L, Xander van der Burgt; E, Gwilym Lewis; G, Timothy Utteridge; H, Emilio Constantino; K, Jan Wieringa.
Source publication
The classification of the legume family proposed here addresses the long-known non-monophyly of the traditionally recognised subfamily Caesalpinioideae, by recognising six robustly supported monophyletic subfamilies. This new classification uses as its framework the most comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of legumes to date, based on plastid matK...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... ("Detarieae") -Type: Detarium Juss. Unarmed trees, sometimes shrubs, rarely suffruticose (Cryptosepalum Benth.) (Fig. 4); specialised extrafloral nec- taries often present abaxially, rarely on the margins of leaflets or on leaf rachis, and never on the petiole. Stipules in intra- petiolar position (i.e., somewhere between the petiole and the axillary bud) and then free, valvate and connected by chaffy hairs, or fused, either partly (only at base) or en- ...
Similar publications
The classification of the legume family proposed here addresses the long-known non-monophyly of the traditionally recognised subfamily Caesalpinioideae, by recognising six robustly supported monophyletic subfamilies. This new classification uses as its framework the most comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of legumes to date, based on plastid matK...
Citations
... Con respecto a las especies estudiadas, de acuerdo con análisis filogenéticos, las leguminosas se dividen en seis subfamilias: Caesalpinioideae, Cercidoideae, Detarioideae, Dialioideae, Duparquetioideae y Papilionoideae (LPWG 2017). El género Dalea L. se ubica dentro de esta última y forma parte de la tribu Amorpheae Boriss. ...
Antecedentes: Dalea es endémico de América, posee amplia distribución en la provincia del Desierto Chihuahuense, sus especies se asocian a matorral xerófilo, bosque de encino y bosque de coníferas. Hipótesis: Las especies de Dalea funcionan como un subrogado de la flora y refuerzan las propuestas de regionalización para esta provincia. Sitio y años de estudio: Provincia del Desierto Chihuahuense, agosto 2020 a julio 2022. Métodos: Se elaboró una base de datos a partir de ejemplares de herbario. El análisis de riqueza de especies se realizó con una cuadricula de 1 × 1°. El endemismo ponderado (WE) y endemismo ponderado corregido (CWE) fueron estimados. Para regionalizar, el recambio de especies fue calculado y se aplicó el método de agrupación UPGMA. Para determinar la caracterización ambiental de los componentes bióticos, los grupos se cotejaron con ecorregiones publicadas. Resultados: Se encontraron 3,061 registros de 77 especies de Dalea, 33 son endémicas al área de estudio. La riqueza de especies se concentró al noroeste y sureste de la provincia. La riqueza de endémicos fue localizada en el centro y norte. El análisis de WE mostró tres celdas ubicadas en el centro del área de estudio; el CWE recuperó tres celdas al sur de la provincia. Se reconocen dos grupos principales (subprovincias), anidando grupos más pequeños (distritos). Los distritos corresponden en su mayoría a las ecorregiones del Desierto Chihuahuense, Matorral de la Meseta Central, Bosques secos del Bajío. Conclusiones: Dalea funcionó como subrogado de la flora y reforzó las propuestas de regionalización para esta provincia.
... The Fabaceae family, or Leguminosae, is the third largest family of angiosperm plants [47,48]. This family to presented 770 genera and around 19,500 species, distributed across several subfamilies [49,50]. It is the largest family of plants in Brazil, with approximately 2,834 species found in different ecosystems [51]. ...
2019-n-CoV is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans and cause serious illness, and due to its lethality there was a worldwide mobilization for the development of new drugs and new vaccines for Covid-19. Therefore, the present work aims to carry out a virtual screening of terpenes with potential anti SARS-CoV-2 activity. To perform the ligand-based virtual, a model was constructed regarding the compounds which already showed inhibitory activity of the SARS-CoV-2. The test series corresponded to terpenes isolated in the Fabaceae Family. The compounds that were most likely to activity were subjected to Molecular Docking and the best poses obtained were subjected to Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations carried. The molecules under study were submitted to in vitro evaluation to assess inhibitory activity of compounds against SARS-CoV-2 in a phenotypic screening model of the virus. The compounds selected by in silico screening corresponded to triterpenoids from the lupane series. In the in vitro test, both demonstrated activity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The virtual screening performed managed to identify the compounds with the highest probability of activity, as well as the most stable compounds, and the method used was validated by the in vitro study carried out.
... Legumes (Leguminoseae, or Fabaceae) are a large and diverse family of angiosperms [1,2] recently expanded and reorganized to include five subfamilies [2]. Most agriculturally important legumes are within the Papilionoideae, and within this subfamily an informally named monophyletic group of genera, the Inverted Repeat Lacking Clade (IRLC) [3,4], includes the majority of temperate legume crop and pasture species. ...
... Legumes (Leguminoseae, or Fabaceae) are a large and diverse family of angiosperms [1,2] recently expanded and reorganized to include five subfamilies [2]. Most agriculturally important legumes are within the Papilionoideae, and within this subfamily an informally named monophyletic group of genera, the Inverted Repeat Lacking Clade (IRLC) [3,4], includes the majority of temperate legume crop and pasture species. ...
The taxonomy of the Fabeae (Vicieae) has long been problematic, but an analysis by Schaefer et al in 2012 gave an exceptionally clear view of the tribe and noted the possibility that some nomenclatural adjustments may be required at some future date. These authors suggested several options, expressing some preferences. However, there has been a recent change to formally accepted names implementing one of these possibilities, but without any additional relevant information. This change seems unjustified and unhelpful. We therefore present an argument for the retention, or re-instatement, of the genera Pisum, Vavilovia and Lens until such time as new data supports this requirement and there is no nomenclatural solution that is both accurate and convenient.
... Since the mid-1970s, pea has been developed as a high-quality protein crop in Europe (Snoad, 1981), in part to reduce overdependence upon imported soy (de Visser et al., 2014). It is a cool-season legume belonging to the Fabeae tribe of the inverted repeat-lacking clade of the Papilionoideae subfamily of legumes (Azani et al., 2017). It was a model organism for studying the basic principles of inheritance and independent segregation (Knight, 1799;Mendel, 1866), as well as plant physiology and morphology (Dostál, 1941;Murfet & Reid, 1985;Smýkal, 2014). ...
The afila (af) mutation causes the replacement of leaflets by a branched mass of tendrils in the compound leaves of pea – Pisum sativum L. This mutation was first described in 1953, and several reports of spontaneous af mutations and induced mutants with a similar phenotype exist. Despite widespread introgression into breeding material, the nature of af and the origin of the alleles used remain unknown.
Here, we combine comparative genomics with reverse genetic approaches to elucidate the genetic determinants of af. We also investigate haplotype diversity using a set of AfAf and afaf cultivars and breeding lines and molecular markers linked to seven consecutive genes.
Our results show that deletion of two tandemly arranged genes encoding Q‐type Cys(2)His(2) zinc finger transcription factors, PsPALM1a and PsPALM1b, is responsible for the af phenotype in pea. Eight haplotypes were identified in the af‐harbouring genomic region on chromosome 2. These haplotypes differ in the size of the deletion, covering more or less genes.
Diversity at the af locus is valuable for crop improvement and sheds light on the history of pea breeding for improved standing ability. The results will be used to understand the function of PsPALM1a/b and to transfer the knowledge for innovation in related crops.
... Species of this family are grown for food and feed, as well as are ideal models for studying classification, diversity and genetic evolution. Based on the analysis of matK sequences and a comprehensive sampling approach, it is evident that the legume family can be distinctly categorized into six monophyletic subfamilies [16]. Notably, Papilionoideae, which comprises a vast assemblage of more than 14,000 species, stands out as the subfamily with the highest species diversity. ...
Background
Melilotus, a member of the Fabaceae family, is a pivotal forage crop that is extensively cultivated in livestock regions globally due to its notable productivity and ability to withstand abiotic stress. However, the genetic attributes of the chloroplast genome and the evolutionary connections among different Melilotus species remain unresolved.
Results
In this study, we compiled the chloroplast genomes of 18 Melilotus species and performed a comprehensive comparative analysis. Through the examination of protein-coding genes, we successfully established a robust phylogenetic tree for these species. This conclusion is further supported by the phylogeny derived from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the entire chloroplast genome. Notably, our findings revealed that M. infestus, M. siculus, M. sulcatus, and M. speciosus formed a distinct subgroup within the phylogenetic tree. Additionally, the chloroplast genomes of these four species exhibit two shared inversions. Moreover, inverted repeats were observed to have reemerged in six species within the IRLC. The distribution patterns of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels) within protein-coding genes indicated that ycf1 and ycf2 accumulated nonconservative alterations during evolutionary development. Furthermore, an examination of the evolutionary rate of protein-coding genes revealed that rps18, rps7, and rpl16 underwent positive selection specifically in Melilotus.
Conclusions
We present a comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genomes of Melilotus species. This study represents the most thorough and detailed exploration of the evolution and variability within the genus Melilotus to date. Our study provides valuable chloroplast genomic information for improving phylogenetic reconstructions and making biogeographic inferences about Melilotus and other Papilionoideae species.
... Cynometra iripa Kostel., commonly known as "Shingra", is classified as "Least Concern" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species [1]. It is a globally recognized mangrove species [2,3] that belongs to the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family and to the polyphyletic Cynometra L. genus, which comprises 113 species of shrubs to large trees [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. C. iripa is a characteristic species of mangrove swamps [11], exhibiting a scattered distribution. ...
Cynometra iripa Kostel. is a Fabaceae species of mangrove used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for treating inflammatory conditions. The present study aims to establish monographic botanical and chemical quality criteria for C. iripa leaf and bark as herbal substances and to evaluate their in vitro antioxidant potential. Macroscopic and microscopic qualitative and quantitative analyses, chemical LC-UV/DAD-ESI/MS profiling, and the quantification of key chemical classes were performed. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assays. Macroscopically, the leaf is asymmetrical with an emarginated apex and cuneate base. Microscopically, it shows features such as two-layered adaxial palisade parenchyma, vascular bundles surrounded by 3–6 layers of sclerenchyma, prismatic calcium oxalate crystals (5.89 ± 1.32 μm) along the fibers, paracytic stomata only on the abaxial epidermis (stomatal index–20.15), and non-glandular trichomes only on petiolules. The microscopic features of the bark include a broad cortex with large lignified sclereids, prismatic calcium oxalate crystals (8.24 ± 1.57 μm), and secondary phloem with distinct 2–5 seriated medullary rays without crystals. Chemical profile analysis revealed that phenolic derivatives, mainly condensed tannins and flavonoids, are the main classes identified. A total of 22 marker compounds were tentatively identified in both plant parts. The major compounds identified in the leaf were quercetin-3-O-glucoside and taxifolin pentoside and in the bark were B-type dimeric proanthocyanidins and taxifolin 3-O-rhamnoside. The total phenolics content was higher in the leaf (1521 ± 4.71 mg GAE/g dry weight), while the total flavonoids and condensed tannins content were higher in the bark (82 ± 0.58 mg CE/g and 1021 ± 5.51 mg CCE/g dry weight, respectively). A total of 70% of the hydroethanolic extracts of leaf and bark showed higher antioxidant activity than the ascorbic acid and concentration-dependent scavenging activity in the DPPH assay (IC50 23.95 ± 0.93 and 23.63 ± 1.37 µg/mL, respectively). A positive and statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation between the phenol content and antioxidant activity was found. The results obtained will provide important clues for the quality control criteria of C. iripa leaf and bark, as well as for the knowledge of their pharmacological potential as possible anti-inflammatory agents with antioxidant activity.
... Because of the size and complexity of our dataset, it was not feasible to conduct any tests that involved iterating over many different topologies with various permutations of within-clade relationships, such as bootstrap replicates. We focused instead on the impact of different topologies in two of the most notoriously uncertain areas of the NFC: the relationships among clades recognized taxonomically as orders (Fabales, Rosales, Cucurbitales, Fagales) 16 and the relationships among legume subfamilies sensu LPWG (2017) 92 . For these tests, we used the NFC backbone resolved by Zanne et al. 32 following 16 and the more recent Leguminosae backbone phylogeny resolved by Koenen et al. 28 to construct a supertree from our independently analyzed subclades (relationships among families in Rosales remained the same as in our primary analysis) (Supplementary Note 4) and performed hidden rate modeling and ancestral character state reconstruction following the same steps described for the main topology. ...
Root nodule symbiosis (RNS) is a complex trait that enables plants to access atmospheric nitrogen converted into usable forms through a mutualistic relationship with soil bacteria. Pinpointing the evolutionary origins of RNS is critical for understanding its genetic basis, but building this evolutionary context is complicated by data limitations and the intermittent presence of RNS in a single clade of ca. 30,000 species of flowering plants, i.e., the nitrogen-fixing clade (NFC). We developed the most extensive de novo phylogeny for the NFC and an RNS trait database to reconstruct the evolution of RNS. Our analysis identifies evolutionary rate heterogeneity associated with a two-step process: An ancestral precursor state transitioned to a more labile state from which RNS was rapidly gained at multiple points in the NFC. We illustrate how a two-step process could explain multiple independent gains and losses of RNS, contrary to recent hypotheses suggesting one gain and numerous losses, and suggest a broader phylogenetic and genetic scope may be required for genome-phenome mapping.
... The assembly of sample AF27. 18 in Trinity produced 76,269 contigs with an N50 of 2387 bp and an average contig length of 982.9 bp. ...
Pollination in angiosperms depends on complex communication between pollen grains and stigmas, classified as wet or dry, depending on the presence or absence of secretions at the stigma surface, respectively. In species with wet stigma, the cuticle is disrupted and the presence of exudates is indicative of their receptivity. Most stigma studies are focused on a few species and families, many of them with self-incompatibility systems. However, there is scarce knowledge about the stigma composition in Fabaceae, the third angiosperm family, whose stigmas have been classified as semidry. Here we report the first transcriptome profiling and DEGs of Vicia faba L. styles and stigmas from autofertile (flowers able to self-fertilize in the absence of manipulation, whose exudate is released spontaneously) and autosterile (flowers that need to be manipulated to break the cuticle and release the exudates to be receptive) inbred lines. From the 76,269 contigs obtained from the de novo assembly, only 45.1% of the sequences were annotated with at least one GO term. A total of 115,920, 75,489, and 70,801 annotations were assigned to Biological Process (BP), Cellular Component (CC), and Molecular Function (MF) categories, respectively, and 5918 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the autofertile and the autosterile lines. Among the most enriched metabolic pathways in the DEGs subset were those related with amino acid biosynthesis, terpenoid metabolism, or signal transduction. Some DEGs have been related with previous QTLs identified for autofertility traits, and their putative functions are discussed. The results derived from this work provide an important transcriptomic reference for style-stigma processes to aid our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in faba bean fertilization.
... Despite the ecological importance of Tachigali, obtaining a full picture of its evolutionary history has been a challenge. Previous phylogenetic analyses based on chloroplast DNA (Haston et al. 2003(Haston et al. , 2005Bruneau et al. 2008;LPWG 2017;Zhang et al. 2020) and low copy nuclear gene sequences (Manzanilla and Bruneau 2012) have consistently placed Tachigali in a clade close to the Atlantic Forest endemic Arapatiella R.S. Cowan (2 spp.) and the Amazonian endemic Jacqueshuberia Ducke (7 spp.). The genus Diptychandra Tul. ...
... (12 spp.). However, this Diptychandra + Moldenhawera clade had long remained unresolved with respect to the Tachigali clade (Bruneau et al. 2008;Manzanilla and Bruneau 2012;LPWG 2017;Zhang et al. 2020). In a recent phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes, all these genera were strongly supported as closely related in the same clade , despite that clade being subtended by a short branch with notable gene tree conflict. ...
... The bilaterally symmetrical floral architecture with curved hypanthium that is observed in the species of Tachigali s.str. is indeed somewhat similar morphologically to the much larger flowers of the related genera Arapatiella and Jacqueshuberia, whereas the radial flowers of the species formerly treated under Sclerolobium more closely resemble those of Diptychandra. However, evidence from wood anatomy (Gasson et al. 2003;Macedo et al. 2014), pollen morphology (Graham and Barker 1981;Banks and Lewis 2018), comparative flower development (Casanova et al. 2020), and overall floral, fruit, and leaf morphology (Zarucchi and Herendeen 1993;Pipoly 1995;Kirkbride et al. 2000;Lewis et al. 2005;Ulibarri 2008; Van der Werff 2008) has supported merging these two genera LPWG 2017;Lima et al. 2024). Although all species of Sclerolobium have already been transferred nomenclaturally to Tachigali within the past 20 years (Oliveira-Filho 2006;Silva and Lima 2007;Van der Werff 2008) and are currently treated under the same genus-level taxonomic concept (LPWG 2023;Lima et al. 2024), the monophyly of Sclerolobium and Tachigali has not been thoroughly investigated using phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data. ...
Despite recent advances in revealing the evolutionary history of speciose tropical plant clades, many species radiations are still poorly understood phylogenetically. One of these is the species-rich neotropical genus Tachigali (~ 90 spp.), a caesalpinioid legume lineage of mostly ant-housing canopy trees that has diversified in the tropical rainforest biome across the Andean foothills, Amazon basin, and Atlantic Coastal Forest of Brazil. It is also ecologically dominant across the fire-prone savanna vegetation of the Brazilian Cerrado. The taxonomic history of Tachigali has long been confounded with the genus Sclerolobium, with the two differing in floral symmetry. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny of Tachigali using densely sampled Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of nuclear ribosomal (ITS/5.8S) and plastid (matK and trnL intron) DNA sequences for 67 species. All phylogenetic analyses support Tachigali as monophyletic. We recognize a broad circumscription of Tachigali encompassing species exhibiting both radially and bilaterally symmetrical flowers, and we suggest that the traditional generic concept of Sclerolobium should be abandoned. The poor resolution in the Tachigali phylogeny is suggestive of rapid diversification, which has been observed in other species-rich rainforest-inhabiting plant clades across the Neotropics.
... The remaining species of Ravenelia resolve in various clades within the Raveneliaceae (Aime and McTaggart 2021;Ebinghaus et al. 2020). Various names have been proposed for sections (Dietel 1906;Long 1903;Sydow 1921) and are available for use. The type species of Cystingophora, R. hieronymi, resolved in the Cephalotelium clade (clade VII of Ebinghaus et al. 2020), making this a synonym of the latter genus, which having been mentioned prior in the same publication takes precedence. ...
