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Objectives:
To explore qualitative and quantitative changes in attitudes and experiences of medical students following a special study suicide prevention module.
Design:
Pilot study.
Setting:
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Participants:
A 2-week intensive special studies module was delivered to third- and fourth-year medical student...
Context in source publication
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Objective:
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Methods:
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Citations
... In addition, there is a need for ongoing research and training for mental health professionals. This includes staying updated with the latest evidence-based practices and emerging trends in mental health care (Yousuf et al., 2013). Practitioners should engage in continuous professional development to refine their skills and knowledge, ensuring that they provide the highest standard of care to their clients. ...
Background
This study explores the complex intersection of euthanasia, legal ambiguities, cultural attitudes, and the psychology of suicide among seriously ill patients in China. It addresses the lack of clear legislation on euthanasia and doctor-assisted killing, the impact of cultural and philosophical beliefs, and the evolution of legal and ethical perspectives on suicide. Additionally, it examines the psychological aspects of suicide ideation in acutely-ill patients, focusing on factors like familial burden and loss of dignity.
Method
A survey was conducted with 356 Chinese adults, aged 23 to 64 years, using popular social media platforms in China. The study aimed to reflect a broad spectrum of the adult population in terms of age, education, and professional sectors. The research model involves suicide rumination as an independent variable, acutely-ill patients' suicide acceptance as a dependent variable, and three mediators: cognitive depression, ethical suicide acceptance, and suicide legitimization.
Results
The findings reveal a significant total effect of Suicide Rumination on Acutely-ill Patients' Suicide Acceptance, underlining a robust direct relationship that supports Hypothesis 1. The analysis indicates that Suicide Rumination is a significant predictor of Cognitive depression, explaining approximately 8.05% of its variance, thereby fully supporting Hypothesis 2a. However, the effect of Suicide Rumination on Ethical Suicide Acceptance did not emerge as significant, failing to support Hypothesis 2b, while its impact on Suicide Legitimization was also non-significant, not supporting Hypothesis 2c. Cognitive depression was found to have a substantial effect in the models for both Ethical Suicide Acceptance and Suicide Legitimization, supporting Hypotheses 3a and 3b. In the comprehensive model assessing Acutely-ill Patients' Suicide Acceptance, incorporating all mediators, a significant variance (R-squared = 0.6625) was explained. Notably, Suicide Rumination, Ethical Suicide Acceptance, and Suicide Legitimization all emerged as significant predictors of this acceptance, with varying effects, thus supporting Hypotheses 4a and 4b. The role of Cognitive depression in this model was marginally significant, offering limited support for Hypothesis 4c. Crucially, the indirect effects of Suicide Rumination on Acutely-ill Patients' Suicide Acceptance through different mediational paths varied in significance and impact. The indirect effect via Cognitive depression alone, and through the sequential combination of Cognitive depression and Ethical Suicide Acceptance, were significant, highlighting the nuanced role of these mediators. These findings underscore the importance of considering multiple pathways in understanding the dynamics of Suicide Rumination and its influence on the acceptance of suicide among acutely-ill patients.
Conclusion
This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the legal, cultural, ethical, and psychological dimensions of euthanasia, doctor-assisted killing, and suicide in China. The findings highlight the significant direct and mediated effects of suicide rumination on the acceptance of suicide among acutely-ill patients. The study contributes valuable insights into the evolving bioethics and the interplay of various factors in the context of end-of-life decision-making in modern Chinese society.
... feasible to implement within a school setting (Kinchin et al., 2020). Educational initiatives addressing suicide had a positive impact on participants' levels of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding suicide and suicide prevention (Kalafat and Elias, 1994;Tompkins et al., 2010;Indelicato et al., 2011;Yousuf et al., 2013;Schilling et al., 2014;Schmidt et al., 2015;Flynn et al., 2016;Roberts et al., 2018;Chaniang et al., 2019;Coleman et al., 2019;Cramer et al., 2019;Totura et al., 2019). Testoni et al. (2020) reported that participants who received education about death showed improvements in the positive meaning of life and reduced anxiety. ...
Introduction
Suicide is the second leading cause of death in the 15 to 29 age group worldwide, and is a severe public health problem. Adolescent and young adult individuals attend educational institutions which can play an essential role in detecting and preventing suicide. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to identify what educational institutions and agents are called into action in suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention.
Methods
The method of systematic review of the literature based on the PRISMA protocol was used. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020189127). The systematic review yielded 66 articles published between 1990 and February 2023.
Results
The results show that a wide variety of educational stakeholders are required to intervene for suicide prevention, interventions and postvention between primary education and college. The study describes the different programs that have been provided, the countries in which they have been implemented and the agents who have been targeted. It also identifies gaps in the research on suicide in the educational field.
Discussion
Overall, educational suicide initiatives report positive effects on participants’ understanding, attitudes, and beliefs regarding suicide and suicide prevention, although some studies have expressed some caution.
... Clinical practice and the success of any intervention program are influenced by clinicians' levels of competence and attitudes [27]. Since they operate as gatekeepers and often interact with high-risk patients, medical professionals provide a special opportunity for suicide prevention initiatives [28]. Regardless of one's area of expertise, this is true. ...
Objective: To assess the attitude of non-psychiatric physicians in Saudi Arabia toward suicide prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over period from 1st February 2022 to 30 April 2022 among non-psychiatric physicians in Saudi Arabia. The target population was convenient sample of non-psychiatric physicians working in primary health care centers and hospitals in Saudi Arabia who accept to share in research. Only those who agreed were included and those who refuse were excluded from research, psychiatric physicians will be excluded too. Results: Study included 615 participants. The mean age among study participants was 29.64 + 6.94 years with median age of 27 years. Participants' age ranged from 19 to 62 years. Male to female ratio was 1:1. Participants were asked about their highest academic qualification. The most frequent qualification was bachelor of medicine and surgery (n= 428, 69.6%). The median duration of working experience among study participants was 2 years and ranged from 1 to 37 years. The most frequent specialty among study participants was intern (n= 162, 26.3%) followed by resident (n= 159, 25.9%). The majority of study participants studied psychiatric during their undergraduate studies (n= 528, 85.9%). On the other hand, only 231 participants had a psychiatric training during internship (37.6%). There were 27.5% of study participants had a history of mental illness (n= 169). Furthermore, 36.7% of study participants had a family history of mental illness (n= 226). About one third of study participants had history of suicidal thoughts (n= 185, 30.1%). Participants' median scores in attitudes to suicide prevention scale was 48 out of 70. It ranged from 22 to 69 reflecting low to high in attitude positivity. Participants' responses to scale items were mostly strongly disagree reflecting a positive attitude toward suicide prevention. Conclusion: Participants scores about attitudes to suicide prevention scale was moderate. About one third of study participants had history of suicidal thoughts. These thought were more prevalent among widow participants, master degree participants and resident and general practitioner participants.
... As Muehlenkamp and Thoen [48] observed, "most of the professional training and education is delivered in piecemeal fragments, provided through brief workshops, webinars, or one-class didactic seminars" (p. 1574). ...
... Hence, other education models are necessary to strengthen the base for public health suicide prevention efforts. A systematic multidisciplinary tertiary education at undergraduate and postgraduate levels can address the multidisciplinary phenomenon of suicide and the prevention approaches required [48]. ...
... Only few tertiary curriculum-based education courses have been developed, mostly in the U.S., and their evaluations have provided positive outcomes [21,24,48]. For instance, social work students taking a comprehensive course on suicide within a Master of Social Work Program showed increases in knowledge, confidence, and preparedness in working with suicidal clients [21]. ...
Background:
There has been limited attention to the development and delivery of tertiary suicide prevention curricula. The aim of this work was to describe the status of postgraduate suicide prevention education, with specific attention on examining the needs of the suicide prevention sector in Australia.
Method:
An online survey was completed by 76 stakeholders in Australia. Current curriculum learning outcomes from Griffith University's postgraduate suicidology programs guided the development of the survey.
Results:
Four key learning domains were rated highest in importance by stakeholders. According to most stakeholders, skills-based qualifications were the most relevant type of qualification, and online modulized education was the most preferred delivery mode. Half of stakeholders supported suicide prevention professional development through a combination of financial support and study leave.
Conclusions:
The survey provided invaluable feedback regarding the priorities of Australia's suicide prevention sector for content domains and delivery mechanisms for tertiary suicidology education. The findings showed the preferred type of organizational (employer) support that may be provided for employees to undertake such education. These findings will inform the future developments of Griffith University's suicidology programs and may motivate other universities to consider offering same or a similar type of education to support the suicide prevention sector toward saving lives.
... Two studies providing education to students were found [1,44]. A psychoeducational program 'ProHelp' addressing suicide literacy, stigma, identifying sources of help, risk factors associated with suicide, its signs and symptoms and how to manage and seek help for suicidality was explored in one study [1]. ...
... No significant effects were found on other outcomes including help-seeking beliefs and intentions or help-seeking attitudes, suicide stigma, social support, self-reliance, or preparedness to assist a suicidal friend [1]. Intensive special training on suicide prevention provided to medical students in Hong Kong was also found to reduce stigma and negative appraisal of suicide, and increase sensitivity to suicide-related facts and improve confidence [44]. ...
... Those studies that explored the impact of teaching and learning components found that participants generally found group discussion and skill training most beneficial [44]. One study found that compared to didactic training only, gatekeepers who received experiential exercises and roleplays had greater improvements in self-efficacy and skills in supporting someone who may suicidal [39]. ...
Suicide among students enrolled in post-secondary education, including university or college, is a major public health concern. Previous research has examined the effectiveness of suicide prevention programs for this population. However, the effective elements of these interventions remain unknown. This study reviewed the literature on suicide prevention programs for post-secondary students, exploring and identifying those elements likely contributing to their effectiveness. A scoping review process was undertaken exploring suicide prevention programs for post-secondary students. Methodological quality of the articles was assessed, and content analysis was used to explore the programs and their effective elements. Twenty seven articles were included in this review, covering a variety of approaches. Gatekeeper training programs were the most common type of suicide prevention program. Programs for post-secondary students may be effective in improving student rates of engagement with mental health services and were associated with greater knowledge, and help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, and gatekeeper-related outcomes. While evidence was found supporting the effectiveness of some interventions such as gatekeeper programs to influence suicide-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, further and more rigorous research surrounding suicide prevention programs for post-secondary students is required, with a particular emphasis on student outcomes.
... In view of this, psychiatry posting provides an important platform to equip these future doctors with education and skills on suicide prevention and management. Researchers of a previous study on attitudes towards suicide in Hong Kong found that the incorporation of a suicideprevention training module in the medical curriculum had a positive influence on understanding suicide in terms of reducing the score for negative appraisal, stigmatization, and fatalism with respect to suicide [32]. In the same context, the suicide-prevention programs among university students helped to improve suicide knowledge, prevention, and the likelihood of one person asking another person about suicide [33]. ...
Objective
The attitude of medical personnel towards suicide may influence the outcome of suicidal-patients management. This study aimed to determine the attitudes of medical undergraduates towards suicide and its association with their help-seeking behavior.
Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 290 medical undergraduates was conducted in a Malaysian university. The questionnaires on the attitude towards suicide and general help-seeking behavior were used as research instruments.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 22.4 years. Participants who did psychiatry posting indicated a greater tendency to agree on suicide as a way of communication (p = 0.008) than those who did not. Participants previously diagnosed with a psychiatric illness indicated a greater ability to understand and accept suicide (p < 0.001) as well as a greater tendency to agree on the normality of suicide (p = 0.019) than those without a previous diagnosis. Those who attended a suicide prevention program also indicated a greater tendency to agree that loneliness and avoidance could be triggers to suicide (p = 0.037) than those who did not. No correlation was found between the “attitude towards suicide” and “general help-seeking behavior” variable.
Conclusion
Education programs in suicide prevention and management need to be incorporated early into the undergraduate medical curriculum to cultivate a more positive attitude towards suicide and help-seeking behavior.
... Recently there is growing interest in the attitudes and clinical management of people who deliberately self-harm (Kumar et al., 2016). Research suggests that the quality of education among health professionals including nursing students, is associated with more favorable attitudes related to suicidal behavior and suicide prevention (Michail & Tait, 2016;Norheim, Grimholt, Loskutova, & Ekeberg, 2016;Ramberg, Di Lucca, & Hadlaczky, 2016;Yousuf, Beh, & Wong, 2013). Also, earlier research recommended more education on suicide for nursing students to raise awareness and improve their professional competency to respond to suicide (Kotowski & Roye, 2017;Mamta et al., 2014;Vedana et al., 2017). ...
This cross-sectional survey was carried out among nursing students (n = 223) to examine their attitudes towards suicide and their role in suicide prevention. The data were collected by administering a Suicide Attitude questionnaire. The majority (68.7%) of nursing students had positive attitudes towards suicide with more favorable attitudes in the “Professional role, work, and care” (33.08±4.21) domain, followed by ‘Morality and mental illness’ (20.80±3.61) and ‘Communication and attention’ (13.60±2.81). In addition, age and education were significantly different in participants' attitudes towards suicide (p < 0.05). The results suggest that nursing students need culturally relevant suicide education programs to provide optimal care to suicide victims.
... It also increased participant's accuracy to identify warning signs, risk factors and protective factors about suicide. Studies assessing suicide prevention curricula and interventions aimed at raising mental health literacy levels confirmed [34][35][36] increase in awareness of depression and destigamtization of help seeking behavior of participant to prevent suicide. [37,38] This impact was observed in general population, specifically in medical students' and clinicians. ...
Introduction:
Suicide risk among Indigenous populations is a multifaceted phenomenon, influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors at the individual level, as well as cultural, political, and economic issues at the family and community level. The global prevalence of depression among medical students was recently estimated to be 28.0 % according to a meta-analysis of 77 studies. In the field of suicide prevention, the term gatekeeper refers to "individuals in a community who have face-to-face contact with large numbers of community members as part of their usual routine." They may be trained to "identify persons at risk of suicide and refer them to treatment or supporting services as appropriate". In our study we aimed to improved attitude and knowledge in gatekeeper to improve detection and referral of individuals who are at risk of suicide.
Methods and material:
We adapted an evidence-based gatekeeper training into a two-hour, multi-modal and interactive event for medical professional and undergraduate students. Then we evaluated the intervention compared to free-recall knowledge and attitudes questions were examined before and after participation in a student and faculty gatekeeper training program. Focus groups with students enriched interpretation of quantitative results.
Statistical analysis used:
Knowledge, attitudes, and skills of both students and teachers were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test. Comparison of knowledge, attitudes, and skills between both groups was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results:
Undergraduate students developed more positive attitude for suicidal behavior where faculties developed more confident in their skill after training sessions.
Conclusion:
brief gatekeeper training found effective in improving knowledge about suicide. Also, increasing participants' accuracy to identify warning signs, risk factors and protective factors about suicide.
... Even previous studies have shown that a brief training program on suicide prevention for frontline general hospital personnel had significant impact on their attitudes and beliefs towards suicide. 22,23 Hence future similar awareness programmes may help ASHAs to develop insight regarding suicide prevention. ...
Introduction: Suicide is an increasingly important public health issue. Considering the shortage of mental health professionals in India, there is a need to integrate grass root health professionals in efforts at suicide prevention. Successful suicide prevention depends on health professionals’ awareness about suicide and attitude toward suicide attempters.
Aim: This study was aimed to assess the attitude of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) towards suicide prevention.
Materials and Methods: Data was collected from 500 ASHAs working in 10 taluks of Tumkur district, Karnataka using attitude towards suicide prevention scale. Study design was cross- sectional.
Results: All of them were females with mean age of 34.9 years (SD= ± 5.46). Majority of them (97.2 %) had studied above secondary education (8th class onwards). 80.4 % of them had working experience of more than 3 years as health professionals. None of them had previous exposure to suicide prevention programs or workshops. 40% of them expressed that they are not comfortable in assessing person for suicide risk and 51% considered working with suicidal patients is not rewarding. 45% ASHAs considered suicide prevention is not their responsibility and 49% were of the opinion that there is little an individual can do to prevent it. ASHAs who have studied pre- university and above expressed more positive attitude.
Conclusions: Less than half of the ASHAs had positive attitude toward working with suicidal patients. Hence, there is strong need to organize more educational and training programs on suicide prevention so that these grass root health professionals could be more equipped and trained to manage suicidal patients.
... 16 In Hong Kong, an intensive training about prevention of suicides consisting of decreasing stigmatization, negative appraisal, and enhancing sensitivity regarding suicide was performed for 2 weeks for third and final-year medical undergraduates. 18 Positive attitude toward suicide was noted following the intervention. 18 In the USA, significant improvement in suicidal risk assessment skills was noted in students who received case scenario-based training. ...
... 18 Positive attitude toward suicide was noted following the intervention. 18 In the USA, significant improvement in suicidal risk assessment skills was noted in students who received case scenario-based training. 19 However, an Indian study found that there was limited improvement in attitude about suicide prevention after the intervention, which consisted of interactive sessions, clinical interview, and role play supervised by a psychiatrist, and the majority of the respondents were not comfortable in assessing patients with suicidal ideation. ...
Objectives Medical students are future physicians, and their attitude toward suicide attempters can impact outcome of patient management and quality of care. This study aimed to assess the effects of brief educational intervention on medical students' attitude toward suicide prevention.
Materials and Methods The prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center in northwestern India. The total enumeration method was employed to recruit 243 medical students. Attitude toward suicide prevention scale was applied before and after three hours’ training on management of suicide attempters and strategies for suicide prevention.
Statistical Analysis Mean, median, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages were calculated through descriptive statistics. Mean values were compared before and after the intervention through paired sample student's t-test. Chi-square test or Fischer exact test was used to compare categorical variables and p ≤ 0.05 was set for level of significance.
Results Ten out of 14 attitudinal statements were significantly more favorable after imparting brief training on suicide prevention and management of suicide attempters. They reported lesser resentment, more responsible efforts, with greater competence and positive expectation associated with working for suicidal patients. They agreed on the need for multidisciplinary efforts for effective suicide prevention. After the intervention, they considered the possibility of suicidal ideas emerging due to the need for help, not for the purpose of attention-seeking, and instead of considering suicidal communication as individual's choice, they agreed on substantial preventability of suicide with comprehensive management. Their misconceptions were resolved to a greater extent.
Conclusion Brief educational intervention was found effective in improving their attitude toward suicide prevention. The medical curriculum should incorporate regular educational programs, suicide prevention and comprehensive assessment, and management of suicide attempters.
