Table 3 - uploaded by Siwaporn Klinmalai
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This study examines the relationship between the location and development of townhouses in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, which has expanded considerably to cover a greater area. This rapid growth has caused many problems, particularly in the environment and quality of living for residents. The townhouse is an alternative residential type that is...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... paper scoped on physical evidences influencing on location diffusion of townhouse projects in Bangkok during 1977Bangkok during -2006. In addition, this study was conducted by statistical methodology, as stratified random sampling, with three indicators; 1) period of townhouse development 2) townhouse projects' diffusion, and 3) zoning classification of Bangkok that Department of City Planning Bangkok Metropolitan administrator divided these areas into 17 zones for investigation , 1999-2004 with different purposes of development (Table 3 and Fig.3). The samples were 437 projects, which were partial of total number of townhouse projects in Bangkok, selected by source of newly completed and registered townhouse projects from Real Estate Information Center (REIC) 2) , Bangkok Metropolitan Administrator (BMA) in each district's database, and National Housing Authority. ...
Context 2
... Department of provincial administration also collects density of population in 2010 that could divide city as land classification; inner city, urban fringe, sub-urban fringe, suburb, and father suburb. This can relate density and land classification to identify classes of land in each zone as follow Fig.4 and Table 3. 1977-1986 1977 There was certain housing policy by government sector, rate of interest was lower, and government housing bank support finance for private sector and the housing market competitors were increased. ...
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Citations
... Townhouses are buildings containing three or more dwelling units connected side by side in a row. These units typically have entrances and appear to be one building or several distinct structures [3]. With a significant increase in the population in Bangkok, the number of residential demands to accommodate Bangkok citizens has increased. ...
... This leads to the number of townhouses being demolished (THD) (see the SD model equations in Appendix A). Klinmalai et al. [3] stated that townhouses are divided into three sizes: small, medium, and large. On average, the number of small-sized townhouses tends to increase by 6.4% per year, while large-sized townhouses decrease by 8.5% per year [16]. ...
To accommodate population growth and migration to cities, many infrastructures have been demolished to build new residential units. Demolition processes cause various environmental problems globally and locally. The selection of methods used in demolition is crucial to reduce the long-term environmental impact. This study considers various combination tools used in townhouse demolition in Thailand, examines their environmental impacts, and suggests the combination of the tools to be used in the long term. The system dynamics (SD) modeling approach is utilized in this study to capture the changes in townhouse units, sizes, demolition tools, demolition time, and the work rates of tools and their effects on the environment. This approach has the capability to model complex relationships and examine long-term trends. Secondary data are employed to identify variables necessary for SD model development, such as the different sizes of townhouses in Thailand, the various types of demolition tools used in the construction industry, and environmental impacts from building demolition. The simulation results revealed that Combination 4, i.e., the use of demolition robots and hydraulic splitters, is the most effective combination to reduce the final impact percentage in the long term. Compared with the other three combinations, it generates the lowest CO2eq emissions, energy consumption, noise, dust, and heat. If demolition robots are not yet available, Combination 1 (i.e., the use of excavators, jackhammers, and flame-cutters) offers the lowest environmental impact in the long term. This study provides guidelines for decision-makers in the construction industry to make sustainable choices of demolition tools and techniques used for townhouse demolition to reduce long-term environmental impacts.
This paper aims to identify the difference of housing development location and type, and middle-class residents' preference of housing choice between before and after the urban rail transit in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) and examine whether the urban rail transit prevents urban sprawling and its extent of the effect.
From the comparison of housing development location and type (low-rise housing development and condominium/apartment) from the digital map in 2006 and 2013, it is found that housing development concentrated only in Bangkok city and Nonthaburi province before 2006 and it widespread to Northern and Southern provinces after 2006. However, in Bangkok City, housing development shifted inward after 2006. Before 2006, the major housing type is the low-rise housing development, which is consist of detached houses and townhouses but after 2006, the condominium/apartment became the majority.
A questionnaire survey was conducted to middle-class residents with school-year children in BMR, and the result was analyzed by the conjoint method to reveal their housing preference. From the conjoint analysis, it is found that they consider the housing type (detached house) is the most important and next is the access to the train station. Conjoint analysis by each generation shows that respondents in 40s and 50s have the same tendency but 50s' attachment to the housing type (detached house) is much stronger than 40s. On the other hand, respondents in 20s and 30s have the different tendency, and they consider the access to the train station is the most important and the next is access to the main road.
It is impossible to reveal the causal relationship between the development of urban rail transit and change in housing development, and housing preference. However, it can be inferred that development of urban rail transit leaded condominium development near their stations and its changed young generation's housing preference and this change lead housing location inward in Bangkok city. Thus, the result of this research implies that development of urban rail transit prevents housing sprawling in Bangkok City but its effect area is limited to the neighboring area, therefore now housing developing is still spreading outward in BMR. To prevent housing sprawling, the extension or new development of urban rail transit in the suburbs is essential. Also supplying larger units in condominiums near the railway stations in suburbs will attract household with children to live near and is expected to prevent sprawling.
