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This paper investigates how action-based entrepreneurship training influences entrepreneurial knowledge and personal attitudes, which in turn reportedly develop individuals' entrepreneurship intentions. A cohort of students who had undergone social entrepreneurship training under the auspices of Enactus South Africa was studied to determine the rel...
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Reviewing the related literature, we found the phenomena of web businesses are the primary creators of innovation and new jobs. E-commerce has quickly become a preferred way for people to shop. This study aims to realize the students’ entrepreneurial activities on web. We applied a self-designed fuzzy questionnaire to collect data. The fuzzy interv...
Citations
... As a result, the sample size was determined using the following two criteria in order to perform a relevant analysis: (a) the bare minimum sample size required to conduct statistical analysis that is deemed meaningful; (b) the sample sizes used in earlier studies. (Fritz & MacKinnon, 2007;Tshikovhi & Shambare, 2015;Pallant, 2011). Copyright at authors some right reserved this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. ...
As the market environment becomes more complex, small, medium, and micro-sized businesses (SMMEs) are required to develop fresh, innovative approaches to strategically positioning themselves. Due to limited resources, it makes sense for SMMEs to adopt technologies that are relatively inexpensive, simple to use, and highly rewarding. Social media technology is useful in these situations, but little is known about how SMMEs are utilizing it, particularly in developing African economies. Therefore, the goal of this work is to empirically research the determinants of Facebook usage among SMMEs in an emerging African economy. Additionally, it looks at how Facebook usage affects SMME performance. A survey of 289 SMMEs operating in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality was done to advance this discussion under the direction of a quantitative approach. According to the study results, using Facebook considerably improves SMMEs' performance. It was also discovered that characteristics like cost effectiveness, trust, compatibility and interactivity have a positive significant impact on SMMEs usage of Facebook. The conclusions offer evidence for possible managerial and research interests and have significant practical and academic ramifications.
... 1) The current ratio of female to male entrepreneurs signifies the realization of gender equality. The findings of Tshikovhi and Shambare (2015) [61], who asserted that male entrepreneurs have dominated the entrepreneurship scene for several decades, are consistent with this. They also note that women have recently been drawn to SMME firms due to factors including poverty, hunger, and illiteracy. ...
... The TPB model has been used on a number of occasions by several researchers on entrepreneurship for the purpose of identifying entrepreneurial intents; nevertheless, its capacity to explain the desire to engage in sustainable entrepreneurship has not been thoroughly investigated (Bouarar et al., 2022). Many researches in this field have found a considerable beneficial influence of attitudes on entrepreneurial intentions (Tshikovhi & Shambare, 2015). Attitudes are seen to be an essential driver of new venture intentions. ...
Understanding the interplay of attitudes, norms, self-efficacy, and resilience in ecopreneurship intention is crucial for comprehensive insights into sustainable entrepreneurial behavior. The objectives of this research are to investigate the influence of attitude toward ecopreneurship and subjective norms on ecopreneurship intention with the mediating effect of self-efficacy and moderating effect of entrepreneurial resilience. Drawing upon a quantitative methodology, researchers surveyed a sample size of 350 participants from Pakistani SMEs using a structured questionnaire. The researchers used structural equational model to test the hypothesis of the study. Researchers’ findings reveal several significant outcomes. First, researchers establish that attitude toward ecopreneurship and subjective norms are prominent drivers of ecopreneurship intention among SME entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Second, self-efficacy emerges as a crucial mediator in this relationship, highlighting the pivotal role of individuals' belief in their capability to undertake ecopreneurial initiatives. Third, entrepreneurial resilience, as a moderator, adds a unique layer of complexity to the model by influencing the strength of the relationships between the variables. One notable contribution of this research lies in its exploration of the moderated mediation framework in the context of ecopreneurship, shedding light on the nuanced mechanisms at play. However, it is important to acknowledge the study's limitation, which is its sole focus on the SME sector in a specific geographic context. Consequently, the generalizability of the findings to different sectors or regions may be constrained.
... Furthermore, the collaboration between Enactus and Unilever is founded on the belief that partnerships between individuals and corporations can create a global impact. Tshikovhi and Shambare (2015), Sansone et al. (2021) and Pittaway et al. (2015) also assert that with numerous businesses, entrepreneurs, scholars and international organisations participate in Enactus initiatives, this collaboration creates sustainable, socially responsible, environmentally friendly and financially viable social projects that are not limited by resources or technical expertise. Inferring from the above, Enactus student teams offer workable solutions to challenging problems and carry out significant projects that shape the lives of local communities without any form of discrimination. ...
Purpose
This study aims to explore the contribution of Enactus sustainability initiatives to youth empowerment and community development, thus analysing how South African higher education institutions can increase student involvement in Enactus projects across all faculties.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a systematic literature review approach, the authors searched the Web of Science database for 47 relevant studies, which were found and filtered using the search parameters, and then 33 articles that are strictly relevant to the main topic were chosen as the final corpus.
Findings
The authors found that Enactus facilitates community progress through transformative innovations and students gain valuable skills that increase their employability regardless of their field of study.
Research limitations/implications
The focus of this study is confined to scholarly evidence acquired from peer-reviewed journals, hence empirical studies could be conducted by using literature from books, theses, bulletins, government white papers and gazettes.
Practical implications
These findings highlight several merits of Enactus skill-based training such as learning-by-doing, learning from failures and learning from entrepreneurs.
Social implications
The study findings offer compelling evidence that student transformational innovations could facilitate sustainable development within communities.
Originality/value
Despite the crucial contribution of Enactus projects to nation-building worldwide, literature on this phenomenon in the context of South Africa is limited.
... Based upon the above findings, a large number of entrepreneurs who made their contribution to this study were within the age bracket of 41 -50 years of age. (Table 2 and Figure 2) Tshikovhi and Shambare (2015) [21] attributed this to a high rate of unemployment, job loss and redundancy as well as social disparities. The effect of this represents the reasons for which people within the age boundary are drawn to small businesses. ...
... Furthermore, the collaboration between Enactus and Unilever is founded on the belief that partnerships between individuals and corporations can create a global impact (SDG 17). Similarly, Tshikovhi and Shambare [59], Sansone et al. [48], and Pittaway et al. [57] also assert that Enactus projects receive participation from numerous business professionals, scholars, and international organizations; this collaboration creates sustainable, socially responsible, environmentally friendly, and financially viable social projects that are not limited by resources or technical expertise. Even though the current study focuses exclusively on Enactus case studies within South African universities, the authors note that partnership and collaboration are universal traits of Enactus student teams globally-as evidenced by existing literature, illustrated in Figure 2, which depicts an overview of notable Enactus initiatives from across the globe. ...
Various institutions across the world encourage young people to get involved in community development initiatives and set up small businesses that contribute to the sustainability of society. There is a growing body of literature suggesting that Enactus International is a key stakeholder in this endeavor, as university students’ transformational innovations are developed and exported through Enactus-established collaborations. However, further investigation is required to identify how this phenomenon works. Previous studies have not explored Enactus student teams’ sustainability practices in relation to global goals, and most were limited to the context of a particular institution. As a result, this article examines the relationship between the Enactus sustainability initiative and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, thus identifying critical lessons for South African higher education institutions as well as HEIs in other nations facing comparable circumstances. A focused review methodology is used in this analysis to assess the Enactus global sustainability initiative’s alignment with the SDGs, which involves a comprehensive search of the Web of Science and Scopus databases to identify relevant articles. As the year 2030 approaches, the authors warn that university stakeholders’ resistance to change and knowledge gaps about sustainability practices, as well as other limiting factors identified in this study, may impede the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals in the country. This study intends to encourage higher education institutions as change agents, stimulating them to take the lead in overcoming obstacles to the attainment of the SDGs by 2030. The study illuminates cogent approaches necessary for HEIs to create a more sustainable world. It specifically highlights the multidisciplinary perspective and collaborative opportunities offered by SDG-driven organizations.
... The theoretical constructs of this research were assessed using a five-point Like type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 3 = neither disagree nor agree; 5 = strongly agree). T appropriate scales were adapted based on a review of the relevant literature [1,49,50] five-step procedure was followed to adapt the original scales to Spanish. First, two nat Spanish-speaking translators (Dominicans) carried out the direct translation from Engl into Spanish. ...
... The theoretical constructs of this research were assessed using a five-point Likerttype scale (1 = strongly disagree, 3 = neither disagree nor agree; 5 = strongly agree). The appropriate scales were adapted based on a review of the relevant literature [1,49,50]. A five-step procedure was followed to adapt the original scales to Spanish. ...
Entrepreneurship education has become increasingly relevant. For some years now, the business environment for starting a new company in the Dominican Republic has been considered very propitious. This has caused many universities to incorporate training in entrepreneurship into their study plans. This study aims to analyse whether the cognitive and affective components, the country’s business environment, university training in entrepreneurship and attitudes towards entrepreneurship are antecedents of the entrepreneurial intention of university students. It also seeks to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behaviour of students. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 523 students who had taken courses on entrepreneurship. The data have been analysed through the SPSS and Smart-PLS programs. The results of this research highlight the importance of the affective component and attitudes towards entrepreneurship in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intentions. This reinforces the importance of cultivating positive attitudes through educational interventions. It is also worth noting the influence of students’ entrepreneurial intentions on entrepreneurial inclinations. Finally, it is worth highlighting the high predictive power of the entrepreneurial intentions variable and more specifically the attitudes towards entrepreneurship variable as responsible for 35.38% of the variability of entrepreneurial intentions. These results contribute to the understanding of the factors that drive entrepreneurial intentions among university students and provide a foundation for future research.
... The study findings indicated a highly significant correlation between the knowledge and skills possessed by nurse managers and their attitudes towards entrepreneurship. This finding was consistent with the results of a study conducted by Tshikovhi & Shambare (2015), which showed that both entrepreneurial knowledge and personal attitudes play a crucial role in shaping entrepreneurship intentions, with personal attitudes exerting a greater influence. The study also found that having a high level of knowledge about entrepreneurship had a positive impact on developing favorable attitudes towards entrepreneurship. ...
Introduction: The ever-evolving and intensely competitive nature of today's global landscape necessitates organizations to embark on entrepreneurial initiatives, ensuring their resilience and advancement. So we need to explore the barriers to entrepreneurship in nursing as perceived by nurse managers. Methods: This research method used a descriptive-exploratory approach. The sample for this research was a convenience sample of 82 out of 97 nurse managers. Results: The study results revealed that, the highest mean percent of the study sample’ perception was (78.05%, 74.87%, &73.55%) related to attitudes towards entrepreneurship, resource consuming factors, and administration factors, respectively. There was a highly statistically significant correlation between total nurse managers’ educational level and their perception regarding barriers to entrepreneurship in nursing (f= 4.851, p=0.010*). Conclusion: The main barriers regarding entrepreneurship were attitudes towards entrepreneurship, resource consuming factors, and administration factors as perceived by nurse managers.
... Entrepreneurial knowledge is one of the crucial attributes that enhances an individual's success in launching a new venture that is acquired from prior entrepreneurship exposure (Roxas, 2014;Miralles et al., 2016), and has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention (Ni and Ye, 2012;Sulistyorini and Santoso, 2021) and the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention (Tshikovhi and Shambare, 2015;Miralles et al., 2016Miralles et al., , 2017Liao et al., 2022). Entrepreneurial knowledge facilitates opportunity recognition, which is the crucial step in the process of creating a new venture (Shane and Venkataraman, 2000;Lim et al., 2023). ...
Purpose
This study used the theory of planned behaviour to investigate the effects of prior entrepreneurship exposure and work experience on entrepreneurial intentions among students at a South African university of technology.
Design/methodology/approach
Data was gathered using an online survey questionnaire and convenience sampling. The online survey was completed by 301 entrepreneurship diploma students from the Tshwane University of Technology, and the data were analysed using Smart-PLS 4.
Findings
The findings of this study revealed that prior work experience has a positive and statistically significant relationship with subjective norms and an insignificant relationship with perceived behavioural control, attitude towards behaviour and entrepreneurial intentions. Prior entrepreneurship exposure had a negative but statistically significant relationship with entrepreneurial intentions, subjective norms, attitude towards behaviour and perceived behavioural control. The relationship between prior entrepreneurship exposure and entrepreneurial intentions was partially mediated by subjective norms, attitude towards behaviour and perceived behavioural control. The findings further revealed that perceived behavioural control, subjective norms and attitude towards behaviour had a positive and statistically significant relationship with entrepreneurial intentions.
Originality
The study tested the effects of both prior entrepreneurship exposure and work experience on entrepreneurial intentions and its antecedents which have not been explored fully in previous research. Thus, the study advances the theory of planned behaviour as a model for testing the role of prior entrepreneurship exposure and work experience in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions in the South African context.
... The theoretical constructs of this research were assessed using a five-point Likert-type scale (1=strongly disagree, 3=neither disagree nor agree; 5=strongly agree). The appropriate scales were adapted based on a review of the relevant literature [1,49,50]. A five-step procedure was followed to adapt the original scales to Spanish. ...
Entrepreneurship education has become increasingly relevant. For some years now, the business environment for starting a new company in the Dominican Republic has been considered very propitious. This has generated that many universities have incorporated training in entrepreneurship in their study plans. This study aims to analyse whether the cognitive and affective components, the country's business environment, university training in entrepreneurship and attitudes towards entrepreneurship are antecedents of the entrepreneurial intention of university students. It also seeks to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behaviour of students. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 523 students who had taken courses on entrepreneurship. The data have been analysed through the SPSS and Smart-PLS programs. The results of this research highlight the importance of the affective component and attitudes towards entrepreneurship in the formation of students' entrepreneurial intentions. This reinforces the importance of cultivating positive attitudes through educational interventions. These results contribute to the understanding of the factors that drive entrepreneurial intentions among university students and provide a foundation for future research.
