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Degradation results of glyphosate in glyphosate -polluted pond water samples by Paenibacillus sp. FUJX 401.
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Six glyphosate (GP)-degrading strains were isolated from industrial activated sludge. Among them, strain FUJX 401 showed the highest GP degradability, and was identified as Paenibacillus sp. based on morphological observation, physiological biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA gene-sequence analysis. Paenibacillus sp. FUJX 401 degraded 86.82%...
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Here, we describe the isolation and draft genome sequence of Paenibacillus sp. CCS19. Paenibacillus sp. CCS19 was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan and identified based on similarity of the 16S rRNA sequence with related Paenibacillus type strains. The draft genome sequence of Paenibacillus sp. CCS19 consisted of a total of 107 contigs con...
Citations
... Ogunbayo et al. [27] found that Paenibacillus can grow on PAHs and have a higher affinity for naphthalene. Fu et al. [28] isolated Paenibacillus that can efficiently degrade glyphosate in sewage from industrial pollution. Paenibacillus can also synthesize a variety of antibacterial compounds and have significant biocontrol potential. ...
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in feed and food seriously threatens the healthy growth of animals and humans, and it may lead to huge economic losses in livestock and poultry production. Therefore, screening of high-efficient AFB1-degrading bacteria is necessary to ensure the safety of feed and food. The study aims to isolate and characterize bacteria from various sources to explore its AFB1 degradation potential. Fifteen bacterial were obtained using a medium containing coumarin as the sole carbon source; only one strain showed a good-degrading ability in culture media by adding AFB1 and it was selected for further studies. A gram-negative and spore-forming, designated E1, was identified as Paenibacillus pabuli, with the highest sequence similarity to P. pabuli NBRC13638T (98.97%). The growth of the strain E1 was observed under 22–47 °C, pH 5.5–9.5 and NaCl concentration 0–6% (w/v), with optimum growth at 37 °C, pH 7.5 and 1% NaCl. The biodegradation characteristics of object strain were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The degradation ratio of AFB1 reached 55% at 24 h and 70.2% at 48 h. After 96 h, the degradation rate of AFB1 reached 85.9%. The active degradation components were present in the cell-free supernatant of strain E1, and the degradation ratio of AFB1 reached 80.0% after 96 h. It is the first report that genus Paenibacillus could degrade AFB1. Moreover, E1 has highly adaptable to diverse environmental conditions. It will be a potential candidate for biodegradation of mycotoxins in feed and food.
... The benefit is primarily due to anti-microbial capacities and with that a strong factor in reducing risk of several plant diseases [14][15][16]. Paenibacillus bacteria are also capable of nutrient allocation (nitrogen fixation) and bioremediation [17][18][19]. Given the conditions of a solitary bee nest described above, the humid, enclosed, untended, and nutrient-rich environment may be an excellent growing ground for molds and other harmful microbes. ...
... Due to its activity in the production of antimicrobial substances and genomic indications that it is able to bind chitin and produce biofilms as a barrier to fungal penetration, it might however, both in loose and tight associations, contribute to host health in certain situations, e.g., against mold infestations of nests and adults. We did not consider nutrient allocation or bioremediation capabilities in this study, which might additionally increase the benefit to host Paenibacillus for bees [17][18][19], particularly considering the diverse natural biochemistry of flowers and resins they are in contact with [35,36], but also human-introduced insecticide, pesticide, and herbicide use in the environment threatening bee populations [37,38]. Given the continuous process of adaptations between hosts and microbes [39] and shared genomic features of symbionts and pathogens [40], harmful and non-virulent Paenibacillus may both have a long co-evolutionary history with bees. ...
In previous studies, the gram-positive firmicute genus Paenibacillus was found with significant abundances in nests of wild solitary bees. Paenibacillus larvae is well-known for beekeepers as a severe pathogen causing the fatal honey bee disease American foulbrood, and other members of the genus are either secondary invaders of European foulbrood or considered a threat to honey bees. We thus investigated whether Paenibacillus is a common bacterium associated with various wild bees and hence poses a latent threat to honey bees visiting the same flowers.
We collected 202 samples from 82 individuals or nests of 13 bee species at the same location and screened each for Paenibacillus using high-throughput sequencing-based 16S metabarcoding. We then isolated the identified strain Paenibacillus MBD-MB06 from a solitary bee nest and sequenced its genome. We did find conserved toxin genes and such encoding for chitin-binding proteins, yet none specifically related to foulbrood virulence or chitinases. Phylogenomic analysis revealed a closer relationship to strains of root-associated Paenibacillus rather than strains causing foulbrood or other accompanying diseases. We found anti-microbial evidence within the genome, confirmed by experimental bioassays with strong growth inhibition of selected fungi as well as gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
The isolated wild bee associate Paenibacillus MBD-MB06 is a common, but irregularly occurring part of wild bee microbiomes, present on adult body surfaces and guts and within nests especially in megachilids. It was phylogenetically and functionally distinct from harmful members causing honey bee colony diseases, although it shared few conserved proteins putatively toxic to insects that might indicate ancestral predisposition for the evolution of insect pathogens within the group. By contrast, our strain showed anti-microbial capabilities and the genome further indicates abilities for chitin-binding and biofilm-forming, suggesting it is likely a useful associate to avoid fungal penetration of the bee cuticula and a beneficial inhabitant of nests to repress fungal threats in humid and nutrient-rich environments of wild bee nests.
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are used in agriculture either for cropping glyphosate-resistant species or to control weeds in various crops, from herbaceous plants like tomatoes to trees such as vines and even forest plantations. Their extensive use exposes the land surface and water bodies to the herbicide, posing a risk to non-target organisms worldwide. GBHs are broken down in the environment by the whole soil or water microbiome. There is incomplete understanding of different bacterial groups' roles in this process. Although not every single species can be isolated, its functional profile or metabolism counts. A species can be removed from the ensemble without a major negative impact on the overall process as long as other microorganisms perform that same function. We currently have some insight into what single bacteria do when degrading glyphosate. In fact, the classic approach for bioremediation consists of isolating and studying the removal potential of single type of microorganism. Using this approach, researchers have identified the aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and sarcosine pathway as a primary route of glyphosate breakdown. However, there remains a need for a glyphosate removal strategy that mimics natural microbiomes' action to avoid glyphosate pseudo persistence by accumulation in the environment.KeywordsPseudo-persistentSynthetic communityHormesisMicrobiomeResilienceSustainability
Brazilian agribusiness is an economic pillar that has shown an exponential growth in the past years. The use of pesticides, such as glyphosate, 2,4-D and atrazine, constitute an important factor for the feasibility of this great agricultural productivity, however, they make the country one of the world's largest consumers of pesticides. There are numerous reports on the damage caused by the excessive use of these compounds in Brazil, a number that will continue to increase, as public policies and solutions, aimed at mitigating this problem are still scarce and, until then, little disseminated and used. Bioremediation is an emerging biotechnological tool that can be applied to remove, reduce or remedy a great variety of contaminants. Thus, a systematic literature review was carried out, collecting articles published by Brazilian researchers between 2010 and 2020, which addressed experimental research on the bioremediation of pesticides glyphosate, 2,4- D and atrazine. Fourteen articles were included, and it was observed that the bioremediation of these compounds is a promising alternative for the treatment of contaminated environments, however, there is a need for greater standardization between studies, more research with scale-up, on-site studies and tests covering the association of two or more pesticides. It was concluded that, for bioremediation to be applied in practice, new public policies and legislations making the polluting agents responsible, in addition to greater incentives and investment to further develop the research carried out in laboratories, are needed.
