Figure 3 - uploaded by Peter Thomas
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Damage inflicted by Cydia fagiglandana. Note the typical round penetration hole in the beech nut, whose contents have been almost totally consumed by the larva. (Photograph by Malcolm Imman).
Source publication
1. Study of annual production of beech mast at twelve main sites
including closed canopy beechwood, shelter belts, avenues and an
isolated tree in a park, as well as intermittent observations at others,
has now continued for twenty-eight years.
2. During this period beech mast was sampled from up to 100 trees
by seven-minute samples collected from...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Nuts containing a shrivelled seed unlikely to germinate. 3. Nuts attacked by the moth Cydia (see Figure 3) usually detected by a 1-mm hole in the pericarp (I 1 ). 4. Nuts gashed by birds or rodents, sometimes in search of Cydia larvae (I 2 ). 5. Mouldy nuts, which in later stages have a darkened pericarp and are sometimes found in unopened cupules. ...
Context 2
... or failure has to be measured in terms of full nuts, including those which have been attacked by Cydia fagiglandana (Figure 3): on this basis there is no doubt that 1990 provided the greatest mast during the survey period. In that year the mean number of full nuts for the seven southern sites (FH, N, Bu ...
Context 3
... are frequently consumed by the larvae of Cydia fagiglandana Z ( Figure 3); their characteristic exit holes, some of which have been enlarged by birds, and specimens of the caterpillar itself are also shown in Section 4.4.1 of thomas and packham (2007). The caterpillars consume the nuts so completely that only their frass remains inside the otherwise empty nut. ...
