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DGGE (with a denaturing gradient from 35% to 65% denaturant) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments from consortium C2PL05 (lanes 1–5) and consortium BOS08 (lanes 6–10). Lane 0 contains DNA markers, lanes 1 and 6 correspond to the initial time, lanes 2 and 7 to the high-temperature range at day 33, lanes 3 and 8 to the high-temperature range at day 101, lanes 4 and 9 to the low-temperature range at day 33, and lanes 5 and 10 to the low-temperature range at day 101. Excised bands and clone ID (DUB) of successfully cloned bands are indicated.
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This study evaluates the ability of two bacterial consortia (C2PL05 and BOS08), extracted from very different environments, to degrade low- (naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene) and high- (pyrene, perylene) molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at high (15-25 °C) and low (5-15 °C) temperature ranges. C2PL05 was isolated from a...
Contexts in source publication
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... clade, although identity approximation (BLAST option, GenBank) revealed Acinetobacter johnsonii and Acinetobacter haemolyicus to be closest to some of the DIC and DUB, incorporation of the type strains of these species in the phylogenetic tree did not produce a clear monophyletic group. Thus, molecular identification of these strains (Fig. 5) was exclusively restricted to the genus level, i.e. Actinobacter sp. A similar criterion was taken for the Pseudomonas clade, where molecular identifications carried out through BLAST searches were not supported by the monophyletic hypothesis when type strains were included in the analysis. The Psycrobacter clade, a sister group of the ...
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... minimum of 10 colonies were isolated and identified by molecular techniques from the four treatments at days 33 and 101 by cultivation methods. The most influential DGGE bands, comprising 60% of the contribution based on similarity (Fig. 5) according to the results of PRIMER analysis, were cloned and identified with the exception of bands 2, 4, 27 and 36, which could not be cloned after several attempts, probably due to DNA degradation as a result of UV exposure. This effect was more notable in low-intensity bands with less DNA concentration. The results of the ...
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... were cloned and identified with the exception of bands 2, 4, 27 and 36, which could not be cloned after several attempts, probably due to DNA degradation as a result of UV exposure. This effect was more notable in low-intensity bands with less DNA concentration. The results of the identification by cultivation-and noncultivation-based methods (Fig. 5) show that DUB-26RS, uncultured Acinetobacter sp., and DUB-25RS, uncultured Microbaterium sp., were always present in the two consortia (Fig. 5), both at high and at low temperatures. However, it should also be noted that Rhodococcus sp. strains were uniquely identified from the more significant bands of the C2PL05 consortium whereas ...
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... degradation as a result of UV exposure. This effect was more notable in low-intensity bands with less DNA concentration. The results of the identification by cultivation-and noncultivation-based methods (Fig. 5) show that DUB-26RS, uncultured Acinetobacter sp., and DUB-25RS, uncultured Microbaterium sp., were always present in the two consortia (Fig. 5), both at high and at low temperatures. However, it should also be noted that Rhodococcus sp. strains were uniquely identified from the more significant bands of the C2PL05 consortium whereas Ralstonia sp. and Bacillus sp. were only found in the significant bands excised from consortium BOS08, comprising all of the above DIC strains ...
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... (Fig. 5), both at high and at low temperatures. However, it should also be noted that Rhodococcus sp. strains were uniquely identified from the more significant bands of the C2PL05 consortium whereas Ralstonia sp. and Bacillus sp. were only found in the significant bands excised from consortium BOS08, comprising all of the above DIC strains (Fig. 5). In-depth analysis of the community of microorganisms, through DGGE fingerprinting and further identification of the bands, allowed us to establish those bands responsible for the similarities between treatments (Table 3) and the most influential factor. MDS (Fig. 6) showed that both time and temperature have important effects on ...
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... for the most for the similarity or dissimilarity between bacterial communities of the different treatments. Another band showing a lower contribution to these percentages, but not yet cloned, was band 12, from which two genotypes were identified (DUB-22RS and DUB-23RS) as representing Pseudomonas sp. Regarding the identification of DIC strains (Fig. 5) Rhodococcus sp. was exclusive to the C2PL05 consortium and Ralstonia sp. and Bacillus sp. were only found in the BOS08 ...
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... Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) were extracted from the 24 soil samples using a mixture of 1:1 vol/vol dichloromethane/acetone as the extraction solvent [31,32]. Briefly, 10 g of dry soil was placed in a 100 mL spherical flask and 25 mL of the extraction mixture was added. ...
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... Several Spanish authors [122][123][124] and researchers from China [125,126] demonstrated the ability of psychrotrophic hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria to degrade oil or diesel fuel under laboratory conditions at low temperatures of 4-15 • C. Additionally, studies on the analysis and mechanisms of the adaptation of psychrophilic and psychrotrophic microorganisms oxidizing hydrocarbons of oil are actively conducted. In these articles, it is demonstrated that with a decrease in temperature, processes such as the changes in membrane fluidity due to fatty acids composition, changes in protein and lipid composition of the cell membrane, synthesis of carotenoids, and synthesis of cold-shock proteins take place. ...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely presented in the environment and pose a serious environmental threat due to their toxicity. Among PAHs, naphthalene is the simplest compound. Nevertheless, due to its high toxicity and presence in the waste of chemical and oil processing industries, naphthalene is one of the most critical pollutants. Similar to other PAHs, naphthalene is released into the environment via the incomplete combustion of organic compounds, pyrolysis, oil spills, oil processing, household waste disposal, and use of fumigants and deodorants. One of the main ways to detoxify such compounds in the natural environment is through their microbial degradation. For the first time, the pathway of naphthalene degradation was investigated in pseudomonades. The salicylate was found to be a key intermediate. For some time, this pathway was considered the main, if not the only one, in the bacterial destruction of naphthalene. However, later, data emerged which indicated that gram-positive bacteria in the overwhelming majority of cases are not capable of the formation/destruction of salicylate. The obtained data made it possible to reveal that protocatechoate, phthalate, and cinnamic acids are predominant intermediates in the destruction of naphthalene by rhodococci. Pathways of naphthalene degradation, the key enzymes, and genetic regulation are the main subjects of the present review, representing an attempt to summarize the current knowledge about the mechanism of the microbial degradation of PAHs. Modern molecular methods are also discussed in the context of the development of “omics” approaches, namely genomic, metabolomic, and proteomic, used as tools for studying the mechanisms of microbial biodegradation. Lastly, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of the formation of specific ecosystems is also provided.
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An experimental evolution system with a wood-rotting microbial consortium (BOS08) has demonstrated the acquisition of a new ability to exploit a previously untapped carbon source, such as the recalcitrant carbamazepine (CBZ). The improved extraction method has provided an accurate CBZ depletion rate from BOS08 of 2.14±0.42×10-3h-1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2.14 \pm 0.42 \times 10^{-3}\;\text{ h }^{-1}$$\end{document}. The consortium did not use cometabolism to process CBZ and the intermediate metabolite produced 10,11-dihydroxycarbamazepine was not pharmacologically active and toxic. The bacteria identification by massive sequencing (Illumina) confirmed the dominance of Proteobacteria Phylum such as genera Cupriavidus sp., Sphingomonas sp., Delftia sp., Acinetobacter sp. and Methylobacterium sp. coexisting through all biodegradation process. Based on biological principles, we model the consortium-CBZ kinetics with a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations with logistic growth type terms. The use of experimental data combined with logistic growth models allow us to test new functional features acquired by the consortium.
Graphic Abstract
... In addition, the high resonance energies of HMW PAHs make them recalcitrant to degradation because of the dense cloud of pi-electrons surrounding the aromatic rings (Ukiwe et al. 2013). LMW PAHs, such Daugulis and McCracken (2003) and Cui et al. (2011) 4 They are more carcinogenic They are less carcinogenic Nwaichi and Ntorgbo (2016), Soberón-Chávez andMaier (2011), Uzoigwe et al. (1999) and Rosenberg and Ron (1999) 5 Mineralization is higher in HMW PAH-degrading bacteria Mineralization is lower in LMW PAH-degrading bacteria Raquel et al. (2013) 6 They are less susceptible to biodegradation ...
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... The ubiquitous occurrence and associated carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has raised significant concerns for both, human and ecosystem health (Xiong et al., 2017). Bioremediation is often considered as the most advantageous remediation technology over other conventional technologies to restore the ecosystem (Raquel et al., 2013). Microbial degradation of PAHs is widespread and has proven to be environmental friendly, reliable, effective and economical in the removal of PAHs from contaminated soils (Haleyur et al., 2018). ...
