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Cucurbitaria ribis (holotype M-0281853). A. Ascomata in face view. B. Ascoma from the side, one sectioned. C-E. Asci. F. Peridium. G. Ascus apex. H-M. Ascospores. C-H, J-M. in 3 % KOH. Scale bars: A, B = 200 μm; C-F = 15 μm; G-M = 7 μm.
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Fresh collections, type studies and molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multigene matrix of partial nuSSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequences were used to evaluate the boundaries of Cucurbitaria in a strict sense and of several related genera of the Cucurbitariaceae. Two species are recognised in Cucurbitaria and 19 in Neocucurbitaria. The...
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Citations
... Cucurbidothis is a saprobic ascomycete of decaying wood. The ascospores are ellipsoidal and reddish brown to dark yellowish brown, dictyoseptate (Ariyawansa et al., 2014;Jaklitsch et al., 2018;Pem et al., 2019). It has been reported as phytopathogenic on pine (Ariyawansa et al., 2014;Barr, 1990Barr, , 2009Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, 2017). ...
The airborne fungal spore content of the Havana city was studied from January to December 2017 by means a Hirst type volumetric methodology. Ten spore types were recorded for the first time in the atmosphere of the Cuba Island. A morphobiometrical description of the characteristics of each kind of spore was conducted. Four ascomycetes were identified (Amphisphaeria, Ascobolus, Cucurbidothis-type and Lewia) and six conidial genera were identified (Exosporium, Helicomina, Microsporum, Solheimia, and Trichocladium). Most of them are pantropical, saprophytes of different plants, and they could cause allergies or diseases in fruit crops of urban agriculture. This work increases the knowledge about the diversity of the airborne fungi in a neotropical region.
... Gray. Cucurbitariaceae are commonly recognized by having immersed or super cial clustered ascomata with scattered ostioles and hyphal outgrowths, and having cylindrical to oblong bitunicate asci containing ellipsoid, fusoid or oblong muriformly septate ascospores (Jaklitsch et al. 2018(Jaklitsch et al. , 2020. The taxonomy of Cucurbitariaceae has received considerable attention ( Barr (1987), however, recognized several genera in the family, including Cucurbitaria, Cucurbidothis Petr., Otthia, Rhytidiella Zalasky and Syncarpella Theiss. ...
... Asci cylindrical, with a distinct ocular chamber, a slightly elongated stipe and a simple base, containing 8 uni-to partly biseriately arranged ascospores. Ascospores fusoid to subclavate, with the upper part slightly widened, rst yellow, with 3 main septa, later brown, nally with numerous transverse and longitudinal septa, surrounded by a swollen sheath around each hemisphere (Jaklitsch et al. 2018). ...
... Furthermore, the genus Allocucurbitaria was emended to accommodate the genus Seltsamia which clustered with the type species of Allocucurbitaria. Similarly, in phylogenetic analyses performed by Jaklitsch et al. (2018), the type species of both genera Allocucurbitaria and Seltsamia grouped in a strongly-supported clade, but Seltsamia was introduced as a new genus based on morphological differences. The use of more cultures of these two genera in the present study showed that they should be synonymised. ...
The family Cucurbitariaceae is rich in species diversity, and has a wide host range and geographic distribution. In this study, we identified 12 Cucurbitariaceae isolates which were obtained from disease symptoms in two forest trees in Khuzestan province, Iran. In addition, this family is reassessed using phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences from five nuclear regions (ITS, LSU, tub2 , tef1a and rpb2 ). The phylogenetic analyses showed that the present isolates represent one new genus, Nothocucurbitaria , and two new species, Nothocucurbitaria izehica and Parafenestella quercicola which are described and illustrated. Furthermore, the genus Allocucurbitaria is emended to accommodate species of Seltsamia , that grouped with the type species of Allocucurbitaria . Parafenestella pittospori and A. prunicola are recombined into the genera Neocucurbitaria and Nothocucurbitaria , respectively. Comparative analysis of single-locus trees revealed that the tub2 and tef1a can distinguish most genera and species in Cucurbitariaceae , while the ITS and LSU phylogenies show low resolution at both generic and species level. The best single locus marker, rpb2 , was able to distinguish all generic and most species lineages in Cucurbitariaceae .
... Each annotated record provides details about specimen ecology and collection information: locality, substrate, date of collecting and specimen herbarium numbers. The identification of the fungal species was carried out by light microscopy of temporary preparations ac-cording to standard methods (Blagoveshchenskaya, 2015); special keys books and monographs were used to determinate the fungal species (Kuprevich, Ulyanishchev, 1975;Ulyanishchev, 1978;Sutton, 1980;Butin, 1989;Braun, Melnik, 1997;Ellis and Ellis, 1997;Braun, 1998;Karatygin, 2002;Braun, Cook, 2012;Knudsen, Vesterholt, 2012;Ryvarden, Melo, 2014;Blagoveshchenskaya, 2015), as well as some additional publications devoted to the study and taxonomical revision of the some particular fungal taxa and new species descriptions (Chethana et al., 2015;Daranagama et al., 2016;Norphanphoun et al., 2017;Vohlmayr et al., 2017;Hyde et al., 2018;Jaklitsch et al., 2018;Crous et al., 2020) and open global data base "Fungal Databases: U.S. National Fungus Collections" (Farr, Rossman, 2023). The names of fungal species are given according to the open database "MycoBank" (Myco-Bank, 2023). ...
The paper continues a series of publications devoted to the new finds of fungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) in Sverdlovsk Region (the Middle Urals, Russia). Totally, 75 species of macro-and microfungi reported on alien and aborigine woody plants for the first time in the region. The most numerous group are alien plant pathogenic fungi (71%) developing on cultivated fruit trees in gardens and parks, as well as on many common species of trees and shrubs in urban greening.
... Subsequently, a subset of representative isolates was then selected based on the previous results, to distinguish the isolates at species level. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the following locus combinations: ITS and tef1 for members of Botryosphaeriaceae (Pintos et al., 2018;Guarnaccia et al., 2020); ITS, tub2 and act were amplified for Paraconiothyrium (Verkley et al., 2004); ITS, tub2 and rpb2 for Neocucurbitaria (Jaklitsch et al., 2018); and ITS, tub2 and tef1 for isolates related to the family Sporocadaceae including the genera Truncatella and Seimatosporium (Raimondo et al., 2019). Isolate sequences, including ref-erences downloaded from GenBank, were aligned with the software MAFFT v. 7 online server (http://mafft. ...
... To enhance sexual sporulation or conidium production, for Botryosphaeriaceae-like isolates, 2% water agar supplemented with sterile pine needles (Pine Needle Agar or PNA, Smith et al., 1996) was used, with incubation at 25°C under near-UV light (Crous et al., 2006). For Neocucurbitaria, malt extract agar (MEA) and PDA were used, with incubation at 20°C and alternating lightdark periods (Jaklitsch et al., 2018). Corn meal agar (CMA), oat agar (OA) and MEA were used for Paraconiothyrium, incubated at 25°C under UV light. ...
... Conidia, produced on PDA measured 2.0-3.1 × 1.3-1.5 μm, mean (± S.D) = 2.5 ± 0.5 × 1.4 ± 0.1 μm, and were unicellular with smooth surfaces, hya-line, and ellipsoid with rounded apices. Based on morphological features, colonies had similar characteristic to those reported by Jaklitsch et al. (2018). Colonies of P. brasiliense on MEA were white-gray, had regular margins with rapid growth and darker aerial mycelium in the centre. ...
Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs) are major threats in Mediterranean countries, causing economic losses due to reduced grape yields and long-term vine productivity, as well as death of grapevines. A survey was conducted in Piedmont (Northern Italy) during 2021-2022 to investigate the species diversity and distribution of GTD pathogens in this important Italian wine region. Morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (based on ITS, tef1, tub2, act and rpb2) identified species of Botryosphaeriaceae at high frequency, including Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia mutila, Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum. Other pathogens commonly associated with GTDs, including Eutypa lata, Fomitiporia mediterranea and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, were also isolated. Less commonly isolated species included Neocu-curbitaria juglandicola, Paraconiothyrium brasiliense, Seimatosporium vitis-viniferae and Truncatella angustata. Pathogenicity tests with two representative isolates of each species were carried out using one-year-old potted grapevine cuttings ('Barbera'). All isolates (except N. juglandicola) caused brown wood necrotic vascular discolourations on inoculated plants and were successfully re-isolated. Effects of temperature on colony growth were also assessed. For all tested isolates there was no growth at 5°C, only four isolates (Botryosphaeriaceae) grew at 35°C, and optimum growth temperatures were between 20 and 25°C. This is the first record of Paraconiothyrium brasiliense and Neo-cucurbitaria juglandicola associated with symptomatic grapevines in Italy.
... lativentris). Although members of the genus Neocucurbitaria occur in many habitats worldwide [36], the identified strain KNUF-22-18B was isolated from the stink bug (H. lativentris) in Korea. ...
The fungal strain KNUF-22-18B, belonging to Cucurbitariaceae, was discovered from a stink bug (Hygia lativentris) during the investigation of insect microbiota in Chungnam Province, South Korea. The colonies of the strain KNUF-22-18B were wooly floccose, white to brown in the center on oatmeal agar (OA), and the colonies were buff, margin even, and colorless, reverse white to yellowish toward the center on malt extract agar (MEA). The strain KNUF-22-18B produced pycnidia after 60 days of culturing on potato dextrose agar, but pycnidia were not observed on OA. On the contrary, N. keratinophila CBS 121759T abundantly formed superficial pycnidia on OA and MEA after a few days. The strain KNUF-22-18B produced chlamydospores subglobose to globose, mainly in the chain, with a small diameter of 4.4–8.8 μm. At the same time, N. keratinophila CBS 121759T displayed a globose terminal with a diameter of 8–10 μm. A multilocus phylogeny using the internal transcribed spacer regions, 28S rDNA large subunit, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II large subunit genes further validated the uniqueness of the strain. The detailed description and illustration of the proposed species as Neocucurbitaria chlamydospora sp. nov. from Korea was strongly supported by molecular phylogeny.
... pro čeleď Cucurbitariaceae, kde se vytváří tzv. valsoidní pseudostromatické askomata (Jaklitsch et al. 2017). ...
The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the morphological, taxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics of the important order Pleosporales, including their ecology and evolutionary principles related to the phylogeny of their ecological claims. Furthermore, the theoretical part also discussed the relatively complex problem of definition, study and general regularities of fungal communities of substrates and metacommunities at herbal level. A relatively complex methodology of data collection and statistical treatment was the basis for a multi-perspective analysis of the basic descriptors of alpha and beta diversity and their regression relationships with environmental predictors. The practical part deals with the differences in species richness, species composition and alpha diversity of fungal communities (respectively metacommunities) and saprotrophs of the herbal level across the various biotopes studied from the coast to the alpine vegetation zone. Furthermore, using the application of multivariate regression modelling and several multidimensional analysis methods, the dependence of fungal diversity on environmental predictors is try to and the difference in species composition and abundances at the level of host substrates is evaluated. Thus, the thesis brings verification of several hypotheses related to this issue and new knowledge about the ecology of fungal species and fungal metacommunities. The thesis relates to data from four countries (The Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Austria and Croatia) and 29 assessed squares.
... The use of a single molecular marker has not been successful in resolving numerous relationships. However, concatenated genes with additional protein-coding markers such as tef1-α and rpb2 provide more precise phylogenetic affiliations of the members in Dothideomycetes [53,74]. Phylogenetic analyses of Leptosphaeriaceae were constructed using combined LSU, SSU, and ITS sequence data following the studies of Doilom et al. [33], Tennakoon et al. [75], and Wanasinghe et al. [76]. ...
This paper highlights the taxonomy of some interesting saprobic microfungi associated with dead plant materials of Hedychium coronarium, Lilium longiflorum, and Magnolia species. The taxa reported in this study belong to the orders Pleosporales and Kirschsteiniotheliales (Dothideomycetes). These taxa were identified based on multi-locus phylogeny of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (LSU, SSU, and ITS) and protein-coding genes (tef1-α and rpb2), together with comprehensive morphological characterization. Two novel saprobic species, Leptoparies magnoliae sp. nov. and Neobambusicola magnoliae sp. nov., are introduced from Magnolia species in Thailand. Another new species, Asymmetrispora zingiberacearum sp. nov., is also described from dead stems of H. coronarium, which is the first asexual morph species of the genus Asymmetrispora. In addition, Ramusculicola thailandica and Kirschsteiniothelia thailandica are reported as new host records from dead twigs of Magnolia species. Sphaerellopsis paraphysata is reported as a new host record from L. longiflorum. Newly described taxa are compared with other similar species and detailed descriptions, micrographs, and phylogenetic trees to show the positions are provided.
... For most of the species within the genus, only asexual stages are known (no sexual morph connections established). Some Pyrenochaeta or pyrenochaeta-like species, however, have been reported as anamorphs for the following ascomycetous genera: Byssosphaeria, Cucurbitaria, Herpotrichia, Keissleriella, Nematostoma, Neopeckia (Schneider 1979;Sutton 1980;Barr 1984Barr , 1997Sivanesan 1984;Chen and Hsieh 2004;de Gruyter et al. 2010;Zhang et al. 2012;Doilom et al. 2013;Wanasinghe et al. 2017;Jaklitsch et al. 2018;Hongsanan et al. 2020). ...
... The taxonomic position of Pyrenochaeta has been a subject of multiple studies, as this genus accommodates more than 160 epithets (Valenzuela-Lopez et al. 2018; Index Section Editor: Claus Baessler Fungorum 2022). As a result, the taxonomy of the genus has undergone major changes in recent years, mainly due to the extensive use of molecular techniques that enabled more natural classification of this group of fungi (Doilom et al. 2013;Jaklitsch et al. 2018;Valenzuela-Lopez et al. 2018). The recent phylogenetic analyses resulted in numerous Pyrenochaeta species being transferred to newly described genera, e.g., Pyrenochaeta cava, P. quercina, and P. unguishominis have been moved to Neocucurbitaria, P. acicola to Neopyrenochaeta, P. lycopersici to Pseudopyrenochaeta, and P. corni to Paracucurbitaria (de Gruyter et al. 2010;Wijayawardene et al. 2012;Zhang et al. 2012;Doilom et al. 2013;Wanasinghe et al. 2017;Jaklitsch et al. 2018;Valenzuela-Lopez et al. 2018). ...
... As a result, the taxonomy of the genus has undergone major changes in recent years, mainly due to the extensive use of molecular techniques that enabled more natural classification of this group of fungi (Doilom et al. 2013;Jaklitsch et al. 2018;Valenzuela-Lopez et al. 2018). The recent phylogenetic analyses resulted in numerous Pyrenochaeta species being transferred to newly described genera, e.g., Pyrenochaeta cava, P. quercina, and P. unguishominis have been moved to Neocucurbitaria, P. acicola to Neopyrenochaeta, P. lycopersici to Pseudopyrenochaeta, and P. corni to Paracucurbitaria (de Gruyter et al. 2010;Wijayawardene et al. 2012;Zhang et al. 2012;Doilom et al. 2013;Wanasinghe et al. 2017;Jaklitsch et al. 2018;Valenzuela-Lopez et al. 2018). ...
Pyrenochaeta fraxinina was first described in 1913 from the state of New York (USA) on petioles of Fraxinus sp. Since then, the species has not been reported from North America and reports from the other regions of the world are very sparse. The results of this study on P . fraxinina are based on the material collected in various regions of Poland from 2012 to 2019. The material comprised 2700 previous year’s leaf petioles of Fraxinus excelsior and 1970 petioles or leaf residues of eight other deciduous tree species. As a result, the occurrence of pycnidial conidiomata of P . fraxinina was confirmed on F . excelsior (3.4% of petioles), F . mandshurica (1.5%), F . pennsylvanica (3.2%), and Acer pseudoplatanus (2.0%). The morphology of the microstructures was described based on the fresh material and compared with the holotype of P . fraxinina . The optimal temperature for the growth of the fungus in vitro was estimated as 20 °C. The analyses based on ITS-LSU rDNA sequences and a protein coding sequence of TUB2 and RPB2 genes showed that P . fraxinina isolates form a well-supported clade in the phylogenetic trees. The species proved to be closely related to Nematostoma parasiticum (asexual morph Pyrenochaeta parasitica ), a species occurring on Abies alba in connection with needle browning disease. Interactions between P . fraxinina and the ash dieback pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus , were analyzed in vivo on ash petioles and in vitro in dual cultures. Among 93 petioles of F . excelsior , for which P . fraxinina conidiomata were detected, 26 were also colonized by H . fraxineus . Mostly, these two fungi occurred separately, colonizing different sections of a petiole. For all dual cultures, both fungi, P . fraxinina and H . fraxineus , showed growth inhibition toward the counterpartner. The role of P . fraxinina as a saprotrophic competitor toward H . fraxineus in ash petioles is discussed.
... The family Cucurbitariaceae was established by Winter [12], and it is characterized by clustered ascomata and scattered, black, and shiny ostioles, surrounded with olivaceous-to-brown hyphae and having yellow-to-dark olivaceous, brown and muriform ascospores [13][14][15]. Asexual morphs are known to occur as pycnidia with hyaline conidia [14]. Cucurbitariaceae has received much attention in recent years, and it includes 13 genera: Allocucurbitaria [13]. ...
... The family Cucurbitariaceae was established by Winter [12], and it is characterized by clustered ascomata and scattered, black, and shiny ostioles, surrounded with olivaceous-to-brown hyphae and having yellow-to-dark olivaceous, brown and muriform ascospores [13][14][15]. Asexual morphs are known to occur as pycnidia with hyaline conidia [14]. Cucurbitariaceae has received much attention in recent years, and it includes 13 genera: Allocucurbitaria [13]. ...
... The closest matches for the new strains were obtained using BLASTn searches (http://www.blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, accessed on 17 December 2021), and reference sequence data were downloaded from recent publications [14,15]. The sequences were aligned with MAFFT version 7 (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server/, ...
Cucurbitariaceae has a high biodiversity worldwide on various hosts and is distributed
in tropical and temperate regions. Woody litters collected in Changchun, Jilin Province, China, revealed a distinct collection of fungi in the family Cucurbitariaceae based on morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated matrix of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA, the RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef 1-a) and β-tubulin (b-tub) genes indicated that the isolates represent Allocucurbitaria and Parafenestella species based on maximum likelihood (ML), maximum
parsimony (MP) and Bayesian analysis (BPP). We report four novel species: Allocucurbitaria mori, Parafenestella changchunensis, P. ulmi and P. ulmicola. The importance of five DNA markers for specieslevel identification in Cucurbitariaceae was determined by Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP) analyses. The protein-coding gene b-tub is determined to be the best marker for species level identification in Cucurbitariaceae.
... The genus Parafenestella typified by P. pseudoplatani was introduced by Jaklitsch et al. [1]. The genus is included in the family of Cucurbitariaceae (Pleosporales) which is characterized by ostiolate ascomata seated on basal stromatic structure, with cylindrical asci and pigmented, muriform ascospores [2]. ...
... accessed 23 January 2022). The species of Parafenestella are mainly fungicolous (associated with perithecial ascomycetes), saprobic or necrotrophic on woody plants [1,4]. ...
... The Cucurbitariaceae family is a heterogeneous group of Ascomycota (Pleosporales) that includes the species with necrotrophic or saprobic lifestyles on woody plants [2,43]. The recently introduced genus Parafenestella was characterized as a phylogenetically close taxon to Fenestella, mainly associated with Diaporthales spp [1]. Morphologically, the new species P. ontariensis meets the genus diagnosis of lacking well-delimited pseudostromata and ascospores that would indicate possible transition from fenestella-like to (neo) cucurbitarialike species [4]. ...
A new ascomycetous species of Parafenestella was isolated from Acer negundo during the survey of diseased trees in Southern Ontario, Canada. The species is morphologically similar to other taxa of Cucurbitariacea (Pleosporales). The new species is different from the extant species in the morphology of ascospores, culture characteristics and molecular data. The novel species is described as Parafenestella ontariensis sp. nov. based on morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses using a combined set of ITS, LSU, tef1 and tub2 loci. Additionally, the genome of P. ontariensis was sequenced and analyzed. The phylogenomic analysis confirmed the close relationship of the species to the fenestelloid clades of Cucurbitariaceae. The comparative genomics analysis revealed that the species lifestyle appears to be multitrophic (necrotrophic or hemi-biotrophic) with a capability to turn pathogenic on a corresponding plant host.
