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... grinding time was 30 s per bird, so that the resulting mass could stay on the desired consistency and be mixed for the experiment. After grinding, the whole mass was again mixed in a container, forming the substrate as shown in Figure 1. For the conduct and development of the research, 9 units of batch biodigesters were used, each with a total capacity of 8 L. This model was chosen because it is a most recommended system for treating waste which is removed less frequently, or in systems where the daily cleaning is not practiced.The batch biodigesters are composed of three distinct pairs, one of them being the container with the material in fermentation, the gasometer and the compartment is to form the water-seal. ...
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In this study, the role of trace element (TE) supplementation and performance characteristics of a thermophilic anaerobic digester fed by food wastes (FW) is investigated in the long run, and a representative operational data set for field application is reported over the whole experimental period. Continuous feeding of food wastes with a dry matte...
Citations
... Biogas produced was allowed to bubble through a 3 M NaOH solution so that mostly methane, the volume of which was equivalent to the volume of alkali displaced, was collected and recorded daily [33]. The experiments were concluded when daily gas production became <1% of cumulative volume for three consecutive days [34]. Equation (5) was used to calculate the BMP as the average volume of methane produced by the substrate-inoculum systems less that from the inoculum only systems and reported as Nml CH 4 (gVS) À1 at STP condition [35]. ...
In this study, the biochemical methane potential (BMP), biodegradability index (BI), competitiveness index (CI), physicochemical properties and elemental compositions of cassava vinasse (CV) obtained from an ethanol distillery were investigated using experimental as well as instrumental analyses. Results showed that at room temperature of 28 °C, the CV was very watery with a specific gravity of 1.03. The relatively high Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD (62000–736500 mg/l) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand, BOD (21620–25000 mg/l); acidic pH (4.2–4.8) and cyanuric acid content (386–450 mg/l), emphasized its potential as a pollutant when discharged directly on land and water. A volatile solids content, VS (71580–72250 mg/l) and brix (5.9% sucrose) respectively indicate the presence of biodegradable organic matter and residual sugars in addition to many macro and micro-nutrients. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), BMP was experimentally determined to be 247.10 Nml/gVS which shows that the CV is a bioenergy resource. The results of BI and CI determination indicated that 82% of organic matter in CV is biodegradable and with a CI value above 10, there will be no competition between the methanogens and the sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) if the CV is subjected to anaerobic digestion (AD). This work improved existing knowledge and provided information for distillery operators and environmental regulators on alternative utilization and treatment routes for CV.
... In the anaerobic biodigestion process, the TS are reduced to biogas due to the conversion of the organic matter. This process reduces, significantly, the pollutant load of the waste (Mondardo et al., 2016). ...
Swine production is characterized as a potentially harmful activity to the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternatives that can minimize problems caused by this activity. Among the alternatives, we highlight the use of deep litter, which provides a breeding system that promotes the treatment of waste in solid form. The digester is used as an adjunctive treatment to the deep litter as this alone is not sufficient to remove all content of polluting waste. The objective of study was to evaluate the efficiency of laboratory digesters in reducing pollutant loads from swine deep litter. Deep litter composed of wood shavings and sugarcane bagasse was used. Samples were collected at the inlet and outlet of the biodigester. Six model laboratory batch digesters with a volume of 20 liters were used in treatment. For the efficiency reduction pollutants manure analysis, the following physical-chemical parameters were analyzed in the inlet and outlet: Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Solids (TS), total nitrogen, total phosphorus and pH. The mean removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, TS were 53.38; 54.53% and 44.97%, respectively. Based on the results it was found that the anaerobic treatment system was effective to reduce and stabilize the organic matter of the manure. There was an increase in total nitrogen and total phosphorus after treatment, which makes its favorable for use as a biofertilizer. There were no significant changes in pH indicating good tamponade of the system.
... A redução de ST e SVT no tratamento em biodigestores se dá durante o processo de biodigestão anaeróbia devido à conversão da matéria orgânica presente em biogás. Esse processo é de extrema importância para redução da carga poluidora da matéria orgânica, além de produzir o biogás utilizado na produção de energia limpa (MONDARDO et al., 2016). ...
Foi avaliada a eficiência do processo de biodigestão anaeróbia e a produção de biogás proveniente de
cama sobreposta de suínos em fase de terminação, em biodigestores de bancada. Foram utilizados 12 protótipos de
biodigestores laboratoriais de batelada, confeccionados em recipiente plástico e PVC com o volume utilizado de 20
litros. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de dois materiais de cama sobreposta de suínos como substrato, diluídas em água:
Tratamento (M+B) - cama de maravalha+bagaço de cana e tratamento (MAR) - cama de maravalha. Para cada
tratamento, foi avaliado o potencial poluidor do efluente, por meio de parâmetros físico-químicos (pH, DBOt
, DQOt e
ST). Foi quantificada a produção de biogás a fim de verificar o potencial energético da cama sobreposta de suínos.
Observou-se que, o tratamento (MAR) apresentou maiores valores de redução de ST. A eficiência de remoção de DQOt
para a cama (M+B) foi de 66,04%, já para a cama (MAR) obteve-se redução de 30,80%. A produção do biogás
proveniente da cama (M+B) foi significativamente superior à cama (MAR). O uso de biodigestores é interessante para
promover o pós-tratamento (ou tratamento complementar) do efluente, obtendo-se, ainda, produção de energia na forma
de biogás, que pode ser convertida em eletricidade, aumentando a sustentabilidade da granja. As camas sobrepostas de
suínos, submetidas à biodigestão anaeróbia, tiveram reduções significativas dos conteúdos dos ST, SVT e DQO. A
produção do biogás proveniente da cama sobreposta composta por maravalha+bagaço de cana foi significativamente
superior à cama sobreposta composta por maravalha.
... The biogas production was monitored until a daily-generated volume no higher than 1% total cumulative volume, as proposed by MONDARDO et al. (2016). The process stability was monitored by the analysis of parameters as pH, COD, and TVSr, according to the methods set forth in Table 1. ...
The main contribution of this research is to optimize the operating conditions of an anaerobic reactor applied to the treatment of wastewater from cassava starch production. A 20-L anaerobic reactor was used, operating in a batch system, with temperature control. Temperature and inoculum total volatile solids (TVSi) were controlled for evaluation of effects on the removals of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and reactor total volatile solids (TVSr) by means of a Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD). Twelve trials were analyzed simultaneously by the desirable function approach. The higher COD removal (96.82%) was obtained at 42 °C and 12.0% TVSi. The largest TVSr removal (69.31%) was registered at 45 °C and 10.0% TVSi. Equations representative of the process were obtained from the responses of variables, being statistically significant at a 90% confidence level. Based on the desirability function approach, we can conclude that an optimal operational condition for the anaerobic reactor is at 39.7 °C and 10.8% TVSi. The estimated COD and TVSr removal efficiencies under these operating conditions were 90.45% and 63.12%, respectively.
