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Cross sections of secondary roots of peach tree rootstock Okinawa without inoculation (1) and inoculated with AMF (2-G. clarum, 3-G. etunicatum, 4-Acaulospora sp.). MX-metaxylem; PX-protoxylem; XS-secondary xylem. Scale 50 µm.
Source publication
The morphology of plant roots have gained prominence in various branches of knowledge,
especially in the Biological and Agricultural Sciences, according to the same being one of the
main features of the plant body related to the supply and support of plant (Marschner,
1995). Agricultural practices of soil management require special attention in the...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... morphometric parameters measured in the roots were area, diameter, number and perimeter of the tracheal element cells, regardless of the stage of ontogenetic development (primary or secondary) and, from the primary xylem, only the metaxylem was measured, because the protoxylem collapsed at the end of its differentiation (Figures 1 and 2). (1) and inoculated with AMF (2 -G. clarum, 3 -G. etunicatum, 4 -Acaulospora sp., 5 -Scutellospora heterogama). MX -metaxylem; PX -protoxylem; XS -secondary xylem. Scale 50 ...
Citations
Environmental conditions such as temperature can be important determinants for the success of biocontrol agents in field situations. On the one hand temperature affects biocontrol strains on the other plant–pathogen dynamics. In order to understand these dynamics, driving factors behind these interactions need to be fully characterized. Here, we i) investigated the effect of two temperature treatments on the biocontrol activity of the root endophyte Serendipita herbamans against the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) in tomato and ii) assessed the impact of this biocontrol system on root morphological traits. The results of this study indicate that inoculation with S. herbamans stimulated shoot length and enhanced the shoot and root dry mass in tomato plants across both temperatures. Furthermore, S. herbamans inoculation decreased disease incidence from 67% in the Fol only treatment to 22% at lower temperatures (24 °C). At 28 °C, disease incidence was around 41% and no reduction could be seen; however, root morphological traits such as root length, root surface area and root volume were not affected at 24 °C but severely reduced under 28 °C upon Fol inoculation. A reduction of root morphological parameters was not observed in S. herbamans + Fol treated plants at 28 °C indicating a protective effect against Fol. Moreover, root morphological traits appear to be more influenced by the different temperatures than root dry weights. In additional in-vitro experiments, growth promoting effects of S. herbamans on root traits without direct contact were evident indicating the involvement of volatile organic compounds in growth promotion. In conclusion, S. herbamans provides protection against the temperature-dependent damage Fol inflicts on the tomato plants by reducing disease development under 24 °C and by mitigating reduction in root morphological parameters under 28 °C in the early weeks of interaction.
