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The unique properties of supercritical fluid technology have found wide application in various industry sectors. Supercritical fluids allow for the obtainment of new types of products with special characteristics, or development and design of technological processes that are cost-effective and friendly to the environment. One of the promising areas...
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... a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds are used as SCF, such as a nitric oxide (N 2 O), ammonia (NH 3 ), fluoromethane (CH 3 F), difluoromethane (CH 2 F 2 ), trifluoromethane (CHF 3 ), benzene (C 6 H 6 ), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ). Table 1 outlines compounds widely used for research and the practical application of SCF. In terms of energy input and economic feasibility, carbon dioxide is the most attractive substance; it is non-toxic and non-combustible. ...Context 2
... most important factor when using supercritical fluids is predicting the solubility of substances depending on temperature, pressure, and density. To date, the solubility of a certain substance in a supercritical fluid is calculated using theoretical and empirical formulas, presented in the Appendix A (Table A1) [54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. ...Context 3
... most important factor when using supercritical fluids is predicting the solubility of substances depending on temperature, pressure, and density. To date, the solubility of a certain substance in a supercritical fluid is calculated using theoretical and empirical formulas, presented in the Appendix A (Table A1) [54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. ...Similar publications
Technological advances demand from the refractory industry materials that operate under increasingly demanding mechanical and high-temperature conditions and are processed using less aggressive processes to the environment. This research evaluated the possibility of using oil refining catalyst residues composed mainly of Al2O3 and SiO2, as raw mate...
Citations
... Other gases such as natural gas, air, and nitrogen can also be injected, but their high cost makes them less commercially viable [1,9]. CO 2 is preferred for oil recovery due to its better dissolution capacity at low thermobaric conditions and lower minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) value compared to methane, nitrogen, or petroleum gas (see subsection 3.2) [52]. Its relative dynamic viscosity is 2-3 times higher than comparable gases, which is crucial for the time it spends flushing a reservoir before reaching production wells [9]. ...
The carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology is an effective approach for reducing carbon emissions and an important supporting method for achieving global goals of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. The process of carbon dioxide (CO 2) flooding, which refers to utilizing captured or stored CO 2 through CCUS for the purpose of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), is one of the primary large-scale CO 2 utilization techniques available. As global energy demand and CO 2 emissions continue to rise, the use of captured CO 2 for EOR is becoming more widely considered and applied to improve oil production from mature oilfields. This review presents a current perspective on the utilization of CO 2-EOR and its technological requirements. Sources of CO 2 available for CO 2-EOR are identified and recent progress in CO 2-EOR developments around the world are compared. The key mechanisms and technologies including carbonized water flooding, continuous CO 2 injection, cyclic CO 2 injection, gas-cyclic "huff-n-puff", and the involvement of nanoparticle-based additives are considered in detail. Environmental and economic factors influence the technical designs and suitability of CO 2-EOR for specific subsurface reservoirs. These factors are insightful regarding future research and development requirements , particularly in respect of nanotechnology deployments. Recommendations are made regarding how CO 2-EOR projects could be implemented and operated more efficiently, and how, for prospective projects, opportunities can be exploited and challenges overcome.
... Notably, CO 2 can easily reach a supercritical state (above the critical point of P = 7.38 MPa and T = 304 K) in oil reservoirs with high pressure and temperature. Supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) adopts properties midway between its gas and liquid states that favor oil recovery, featuring a density comparable to liquid, a low viscosity similar to gas, and higher diffusivity (Feng & Meier, 2016;Pavlova et al., 2022;Prasad et al., 2023). ...
Plain Language Summary
Carbon dioxide emission has been identified as one of the primary factors influencing global climate change. Storing CO2 underground while enhancing oil recovery is a promising technology that can effectively reduce costs for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Mineral trapping, that is, converting CO2 to carbonate minerals through CO2‐water‐mineral surface reactions, is one of the major mechanisms for CO2 storage. However, residual oil adsorbed on rock surfaces after CO2 injection into an oil reservoir yields a physical barrier for CO2 approaching mineral surfaces. CO2‐water‐oil‐mineral interactions have yet to be thoroughly understood. Therefore, we conducted a series of molecular dynamics simulations to mimic the dynamic oil detachment process and unveil the impact of water on oil film detachment by supercritical CO2. We found that the presence of water strengthens the interactions between the oil and rock surface, which may give rise to a substantial delay in oil film detachment and weaken mineral reactions. Our results provide significant implications for the mineralized storage of CO2 in a depleted oil reservoir and CO2‐enhanced oil recovery and its consequent sequestration.
... BCs can be extracted or preextracted using the enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) technique (Pavlova et al., 2022;Tang et al., 2021). Enzymes, including pectinesterase, cellulase, hemicellulase, fructosyltransferase, amylase, pectinase, and protease, are used in the solvent extraction to carry out this operation. ...
... A promising approach can be implementing the oxidation reaction by CO 2 as a solvent. Furthermore, the specific heterogeneous-catalytic oxidation with various organic compounds such as supercritical CO 2 was applied due to the commonly "green" nonpolar Supercritical Fluid (SFC) which is non-combustible, non-toxic, and relatively inexpensive in comparison to the conventional organic solvents, rather than conventional CO 2 (Makaryan et al., 2020;Pavlova et al., 2022). ...
... Hydrogen gas is associated with various disadvantages for hydrotreating processes, including an explosion hazard, high corrosion activity on metals, and the need for heavy pressure vessels during transport. Currently, alternative approaches to the purification and processing of crude oil and its by-products are being researched worldwide [8,9], one of which is the use of supercritical fluids (SCF) as active reaction media for the deep transformation of the crude oil components and their targeted "refining" [10][11][12]. ...
The influence of the reaction medium on the surface structure and properties of a Ni-based catalyst used for the reductive transformations of O-, N-, and S-containing aromatic substrates under hydrogen transfer conditions has been studied. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, and IR spectroscopy and TEM methods before and after the reductive reaction. It has been shown that the conversion of 1-benzothiophene causes irreversible poisoning of the catalyst surface with the formation of the Ni2S3 phase, whereas the conversion of naphthalene, 1-benzofuran, and indole does not cause any phase change of the catalyst at 250 °C. However, after the indole conversion, the catalyst surface remains enriched with N-containing compounds, which are evenly distributed over the surface.
... When cells are exposed to supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) their pH drops, their membrane is altered, and internal components are released [63]. Carbon dioxide has several advantages over other substances, including the fact that its critical temperatures (31 °C) and pressure (72.8 bar) are straightforward to obtain [64,65]. ...
Food is a must for all life to survive. Global food production has increased owing to population augmentation, increasing the generation of food and agricultural residues. Agro-wastes are important sources of natural compounds such as biopolymers that can be used to develop value-added products contributing to replacing synthetic compounds. Biopolymers like pectin, starch, and chitin, have multiple functional properties, useful to improve the sensorial properties of foods, and provide a sustainable alternative to conventional materials in food processing and packaging. Researchers and the industrial sector have successfully converted agricultural residues into valuable edible biopolymers with prebiotic potential, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties by using emerging technologies such as ultrasound, microwave-assisted extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and/or bioconversion. The variation of the extraction conditions using emerging technologies allows the modification of the structural properties of the polymer giving a wide range for their application in the food sector. Besides, the incorporation of Industry 4.0 in these processes allows the optimization, automatization, and obtention of high yields of polymers of improved quality. This review highlights the potential of emerging technologies to convert agricultural waste into valuable biopolymers to promote a greener and more innovative food sector.
Graphical Abstract
... Therefore, it was suggested that the CO 2 phase change from gas to supercritical fluid might occur. Many studies have reported that in comparison with gaseous CO 2, scCO 2 has much higher solubility and diffusivity in heavy oils [72], which can improve the quality of the produced oil by increasing the oil mobility and reducing its density [67]. ...
... Today, there is the practical experience of CO 2 injection into the oil reservoir and when developing this technology, it is necessary to take into account this practical experience [77]. Table 2 shows the recommended materials for CO 2 injection [78]. ...
This article is a compilation of interdisciplinary studies aimed at ensuring the environmental, political, and economic sustainability of oil and gas-producing countries with a focus on areas with many years of permafrost. One of the main concepts adopted in this research was the desire to show that confronting various energy lobbies is not mandatory and that it is necessary to find compromises by finding and introducing innovative technologies for integrated development for the benefit of society, industry, and the state. This is particularly relevant due to the increasing share of hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves, widely represented in the fields of the Eastern Siberian Arctic, and because Russia is the leader in flare emissions. We thus present the relevance of using these gases as industrial waste while reducing the carbon footprint. The technology of biofuel production based on the use of supercritical liquid extraction in a well extractor is presented as a result of the development of the presented experimental devices representing the investigation of the processes of extraction in wells and reactors for the distillation of hydrocarbons from heavy oil components. The obtained yield of the desired product (hydrogen) of the thermocatalytic pyrolysis of the test extract was in the range of 44 to 118 L/h, depending on the catalyst. This information can help inform the direction of future ecological engineering activities in the Eastern Siberian Arctic region.
... As time goes by, the solidified body may produce weathering, which leads to leakage risks. 3 Geofluids supercritical state (a special state between gas and liquid) with liquid-like high density and solubility and gas-like high diffusion, which could quickly penetrate into matrix of OBDC to achieve high extraction efficiency in extraction process [23,24]. In the extraction work of waste OBDC, CO 2 is usually considered as the ideal extraction solvent. ...
... (1) In the extraction container, organic hydrocarbons in OBDC are dissolved and carried by supercritical CO 2 above the critical pressure and temperature; (2) adjusting the temperature or pressure lower than its critical point, the supercritical CO 2 will change to a gas state. Its solubility decreased sharply, causing separation of the supercritical CO 2 and extracted objects in first stage separator [23,29]. Due to the CO 2 , properties remain unchanged, the CO 2 not only can be recycled but also can be easily removed without leaving a solvent residue. ...
Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC) from shale gas wells is a kind of typical hazardous waste produced during the exploration and development of shale gas reservoirs, which will endanger the natural ecosystem and human health. This article summarized the OBDC treating and disposal methods commonly used all over the world. The treating methods were divided into restriction, separation, and degradation, while the disposal methods were divided into landfill, land farming, and resource recovery. The technical principles, technological process, advantages, and limitations of existing OBDC treating and disposal methods were overviewed in detail, and the development prospects of OBDC and resource recovery were illustrated as well. Finally, we proposed to maximize the resource recovery of OBDC by multitechniques processing, tracking the processed products to improve the reliability of product quality. In addition, the data system for original materials used for different methods should be established to service industrial development.
... Some EOR methods, including CO 2 miscible flooding, can lead to partial crystallization and free precipitation of a solid asphaltene phase. This is observed in laboratory experiments as the sedimentation of suspended particles in the flowing fluids directly on to the walls of the equipment, in particular tubing [179,180]. Asphaltene deposition has the potential to plug pore throats and increase pressure differences within an oil reservoir, resulting in a reduction in oil production and ultimate oil recovery. Fe 3 O 4 NPs, in comparison to other NPs, are better at adsorbing asphaltene particles and improving oil production, especially at higher pressures. ...
Oil reservoir formation damage is a challenging issue associated with water and/or gas reservoir flooding in secondary and tertiary oil recovery operations. Some enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques offer the potential to overcome the multiple problems associated with formation damage and improve production rates and resource recovery. Regrettably, EOR techniques have their own problems to overcome, such as degradation of chemicals (polymers and surfactants) used under reservoir conditions, the large amount of chemicals required, and their high cost. Thus, the applications of nanotechnologies for oil-recovery enhancement offers huge potential benefits. Nanotechnologies can have positive impacts on the properties of subsurface porous media and the pore fluids present. They can assist in the separation of fluid phases, particularly oil and water, and introduce influential coatings to reservoir components. Moreover, nanomaterials can improve the performance of various sensors and control devices used as part of the production system. This study reviews NT laboratory- and field-scale tests to EOR and the ways in which NT can be applied to EOR to cause a reduction in capillary forces thereby enhancing oil displacement by reducing the wettability of the rock matrix and its interfacial tension. It considers the potential of Janus nanoparticles (JNP) for certain EOR applications, contrasting the characteristics of JNP with nanoparticles (NP), and establishing that JNP tend to display higher stability. NP-enhanced carbon dioxide (CO2) reservoir flooding is of particular interest because of its capacity for carbon capture and storage (CCS). NPs act a stabilizer in nano-emulsions, CO2 nanofoams, and liquids containing surfactants and/or polymers. NP are also able to improve the quality of hydraulic fracturing, alter reservoir wettability, reduce interfacial tension, avoid formation damage and inhibit the precipitation of asphaltenes. This review describes the economic hurdles and potential environmental impacts confronting nano-EOR, and makes recommendations regarding future required research and likely EOR-related NP developments. The review’s findings indicate substantial technical and commercial scope for expanded use of nanotechnology for EOR, in particular to enhance reservoir wettability and interfacial tension conditions.
