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Cretaceous outcrops (shaded) of the Kyzylkum Desert in Uzbekistan. The GPS coordinates for the Dzharakuduk escarpment are N 420630 E623700 to N420520 E 624200, the Meshekli locality is N 411353.6 E 614422.2, and Dzhetysai is N 422640.0 E 632027.0. Map modified from King (personal commun., 2005).
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Description of two new species of macruran decapod crustaceans, Hoploparia uzbekensis and Linuparus dzheirantuiensis, from Late Cretaceous rocks in the Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan, represents the first published record of decapods from that country. Hoploparia is considered to be an intact, integrated genus. Specimens of Hoploparia uzbekensis and L...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... sediments of the Kyzylkum Desert in central Uzbekistan, that extend south from the Aral Sea, east to the area around Navioy, and west to the Amu Darya ( Fig. 1). Specimens were collected from the Aitym Formation near the village of Meshekli, and the Bissekty, Dzherantui, and Uchkuduk forma- tions on the Dzharakuduk escarpment. The Dzharakuduk escarp- ment is an approximately 8 km long escarpment that extends east to west, located 200 km northeast of Meshekli and 100 km to the southwest of ...
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Citations
... A large majority of specimens collected from Antarctica have been referred to H. stokesi, a species that is inferred to have wide morphologic variability (Feldmann et al. 1993). Tshudy & Sorhannus (2003) suggested Hoploparia to be a paraphyletic, 'wastebasket' genus (but see Feldmann et al. 2007). ...
The nephropid lobster Hoploparia stokesi (Weller 1903a) is widely distributed among the islands of the Antarctic Peninsula, where it occurs in strata of Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) to Palaeogene (Paleocene) age. Specimens of H. stokesi collected during expeditions in the 1980s that were in the collection of the United States Polar Rock Repository at The Ohio State University have been transferred to the Orton Geological Museum, joining other geological collections from Antarctica. Some of the transferred specimens are voucher specimens described or illustrated in earlier published work.
... The Bissekty Formation can be dated fairly precisely, being constrained to the middleelate Turonian by the known temporal ranges of inoceramid clams found in the underlying Dzheirantui Formation and overlying Aitym Formation (Feldmann et al., 2007). By contrast, the Bayn Shire Formation resembles the Erlian Formation in being of uncertain age. ...
A newly identified ornithomimosaurian pelvis and sacrum from the Upper Cretaceous Erlian Formation of Nei Mongol, China is described in detail in this paper. This specimen is distinguished from previously described taxa by the presence of a combination of features that is unique among Ornithomimosauria: sacrum comprising five vertebrae with neural spines fused into a continuous plate, iliac posterior end rectangular, pubic shaft distally straight, ischial boot not broadened transversely, and ischial shaft proximally straight, distally curved, and 80 percent as long as the pubis. This specimen differs from at least some material assigned to the sympatric Archaeornithomimus asiaticus, showing that two distinct ornithomimosaurian taxa are present in this Late Cretaceous fossiliferous rock unit. A phylogenetic analysis places LH-02-01 in a relatively early-diverging position within Ornithomimosauria, outside the two major clades Deinocheiridae and Ornithomimidae, but its relationships with other early-diverging ornithomimosaurs remain unresolved. The primitive nature of LH-02-01 adds to the evidence from fossil vertebrates that the Erlian Formation correlates with the Turonian Bissekty Formation of Uzebekistan, while the biostratigraphic evidence from non-vertebrates instead indicates a Campanian to Maastrichtian age for the Erlian Formation. This apparent contradiction remains unresolved, pending future research aimed at reconciling the seemingly incompatible lines of evidence.
... Homarus and Hoploparia to be distinct (Mertin, 1941;Glaessner, 1969;Aguirre-Urreta et al., 1991;Tshudy, 1993;Feldmann and Crame, 1998;Tshudy and Sorhannus, 2003;Ilyin, 2005;Feldmann et al., 2007;De Grave et al., 2009;Schweitzer et al., 2010;Karasawa et al., 2013;and others). Woods (1931), , and Stenzel (1945) viewed the two genera as synonymous. ...
The fossil record of the clawed lobster genus, Homarus , is appraised. The taxonomic history of Homarus and Hoploparia is summarized, and a list of species recognized for each is provided. A tabulation of all fossil species of the family Nephropidae permits assessment of nephropid species diversity through time. A new species of Homarus , H . hungaricus , is recorded from the upper Oligocene (Chattian) Mány Formation at Mány, northern Hungary. The species is known by a single specimen consisting of a partial cephalothorax, a pleon minus telson, and partial chelipeds. Homarus is now known by two extant species ( H . americanus and H . gammarus ) and six fossil taxa, one of Early Cretaceous (Albian; H . benedeni ) and five of Cenozoic age ( H . hungaricus n. sp., H . klebsi , H . lehmanni , H . morrisi , and H . percyi ). The new fossil Homarus differs from modern congeners in aspects of carapace and pleon ornamentation and, especially, cutter claw shape. This is the fourth Oligocene occurrence of a nephropid species; all are Homarus and all are from Western Europe. Homarus makes its appearance in the fossil record in the Early Cretaceous (Albian) and then is not known again until the Paleogene, despite the fact that nephropid lobsters in general are well known from the Late Cretaceous. Nephropid lobsters are better known from the Cretaceous than from the Cenozoic. Both raw species numbers and numbers corrected (normalized) for epicontinental sea coverage show that shelf-dwelling nephropid lobsters were most diverse during the Late Cretaceous.
... dulmenensis (Geinitz, 1849L. dulmenensis (Geinitz, -1850 (Schlüter, 1899) as Podocrates dulmenensi; L. dzheirantuiensis Feldmann, Schweitzer et al., 2007;L. eocenicus Woods, 1925;L. ...
... Podocratus is herein treated as a junior synonym of Linuparus. Subgeneric diagnoses are not included in the following discussion and are not utilized in classification because they lack utility as suggested by Feldmann et al. (2007) because features used to determine subgeneric placement are not mutually exclusive. Figure 7A -G 1926 ...
The Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Coon Creek Formation of Mississippi and Tennessee possesses a diverse and abundant assemblage of decapods including lobsters, ghost shrimp, and crabs. The formation lies in a temporally and paleogeographically significant location, situated between the Atlantic Coastal Plain and the Western Interior Seaway, shortly before the closing of the seaway and the K-Pg mass extinction. Coon Creek decapods have been little studied since the fauna was first described in the 1920s. A large collection of specimens, ranging in preservation from poor to excellent, has recently become available for study. Analysis of the elemental composition of the sediment and cuticle of six species of decapods from six families (Palinuridae, Nephropidae, Callianassidae, Dakoticancridae, Raninidae, and Retroplumidae) collected at the Blue Springs locality in Mississippi reveals phosphatic replacement of cuticle and trace amounts of iron and sulfur in the surrounding sediment. Concretions bearing decapods and a decapod burrow were observed in thin section and were mapped for elemental distribution using Energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy and dot mapping indicating consistent elemental results with the surrounding sediment. The six species of decapods were analyzed using the same techniques and suggest diagentic affects in cuticlar structure and the presence of silica forming on the cuticle of a single specimen. Taphonomic data supports preservation ranging from well preserved phosphatization to secondary alteration to silica-rich exterior and weathering clay minerals. Because the silica is not replacing the phosphatized exocuticle and microscopic structure of cuticle in cross section is not preserved in the silica layer, the cause of this alteration is uncertain. The systematics and taxonomy of the decapod species from the Coon Creek Formation were reassessed. Sixteen species are identified, including two new species: Hoploparia tennesseensis, Hoploparia mcnairyensis, Linuparus keyesi sp. nov., Linuparus sp., Palaeopetrochirus enigmus, Seorsus wadei, Bournelyreidus ericksoni sp. nov., Cristipluma mississippiensis, Lithophylax flectus new combination, Hoploparia georgeana, Mesostylus mortoni, Tetracarcinus subquadratus, Avitelmessus grapsoideus, Cretacoranina testacea, Dakoticancer australis, Prehepatus harrisi, and ?Latheticocarcinus atlanticus, as well as two fragments belonging to the Majidae. This decapod fauna has species in common with correlative units of the Western Interior Seaway, the Gulf Coastal Plain, and the Atlantic Coastal Plain, supporting the hypothesis that the Mississippi Embayment is an ecotone for North American decapods.
... Tshudy et al. (2005) concluded that, the 51 known Hoploparia species are as follows: 17 of Early Cretaceous, 27 of Late Cretaceous (26 plus one carryover from Early Cretaceous) and 9 from the Tertiary (8 plus one carryover from the Late Cretaceous). Garassino et al. (2009) noted that Feldmann et al. (2007) gave a check list of forty-eight fossil species belonging to this genus, among them H. hakelensis (Fraas, 1878) is considered now belonging to Homarus Weber, 1795. The intent of this work is to present the occurrence of 106 Hoploparia species in 25 localities including Northern and Southern Hemispheres, from Early Cretaceous to Early Miocene, to define the paleobiogeography of these species from their first occurrence to their extinction, to discuss the causes of extinction and the survivorship of some Hoploparia species across the K/T event and to report the drill hole predation on Hoploparia longimana (Sowerby, 1826) from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Egypt. ...
... Germany and Limburg show high diversity of Hoploparia species with 9 species obtained from the Cenomanian rocks (Schlüter, 1879); Senonian (B€ ohm, 1891); Upper Campanian (Schlüter, 1879) and Lower Maastrichtian (Pelseneer, 1886). Three species were recorded in Czech Republic (Fritsch, 1883;Fritsch and Kafka, 1887); one species from Netherland (Bosquet, 1854); one species from Uzbekistan (Feldmann et al., 2007) and one from Lebanon (Fraas, 1878). In North America, the Late Cretaceous shows high diversity with 14 species, 2 from the Lower Turonian and one from the Upper Coniacian of Texas; one from the Lower Campanian of Delaware and New Jersey (Tshudy et al., 2005); 4 from the Campanian (Rathbun, 1929;Fatheree et al., 1998;Tshudy et al., 2005 andFeldmann et al., 2013) and 4 from the Maastrichtian (Tshudy et al., 2005). ...
... Klompmaker et al. (2013) presented predation evidences found in decapods, based on previous literature, from the Late Permian to the Middle Pleistocene. The data presented by Klompmaker et al. (2013) indicates that the boring in decapod first appeared in the Late Cretaceous (Middle to Late Turonian) as an irregular hole from Uzbekistan (Feldmann et al., 2007). The older traces were represented as stomach content or faecal pellets. ...
The study of Hoploparia species in 25 localities in Northern and Southern Hemispheres from Early Cretaceous to Early Miocene reveals the appearance of 51 species in Early Cretaceous, mostly in Northern Hemisphere, 46 species from Late Cretaceous (42 and 4 carryover from the Early Cretaceous), 7 species from Danian (4 plus 3 carryover from the Late Cretaceous), 7 species from Eocene (6 plus one from the Early Cretaceous), 2 species from Lower Oligocene and the last recorded species Hoploparia persisted in the Early Miocene of Antarctica. The oldest Hoploparia was recorded from Europe and distributed through the Northern and Southern Hemispheres with the facilitation of the Indo-Madagascar sea-way and Hispanic corridor. The tolerance for temperature and water depth as well as the morphological changes in genus Hoploparia in the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary periods, helped some species to survive the K/T event. Drill-hole predation in Hoploparia longimana (Sowerby, 1826) was recorded for the first time from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) of Egypt.
... Associated fauna. Crustaceans, insects, gastropods, bivalves, hybodontiforms (Hybodus kansaiensis, Polyacrodus spp.), sclerorhynchiforms (Ischyrhiza sp.), rajiforms (Myledaphus tritus), lamniforms (Scapanorhynchus sp.), acipenseriforms, amiiforms, lepisosteiforms (Atractosteus turanensis), aspidorhynchiforms, pholidophoriforms, ichthyodectiforms (Aidachar paludalis), albuliforms, diverse salamanders and frogs, macrobaenid, adocid, trionychid (two taxa) and lindholmemydid turtles, lizards, crocodyliforms, ankylosaurs (Bissektipelta archibaldi), ornithopods (Levnesovia transoxiana), neoceratopsians (Turanoceratops tardabilis), sauropods, non-avian theropods, birds and mammals (Multituberculata, Spalacotheriidae, Deltatheridiidae, Asioryctitheria, Paranyctoides quadrans, Zhelestidae, Zalambdalestidae) (Riabinin 1931(Riabinin , 1935Kurzanov 1976;Nesov and Trofimov 1979;Nesov and Khosatzky 1980;Nesov 1981a, b;, 1984a-c, 1985a, b, 1986a, b, 1987a, b, 1988a-d, 1989, 1990b, 1992a, b, 1995Nesov and Borkin 1983;Nesov 1985, 1991;Martinson et al. 1986;Nesov and Mertinene 1986;Nesov et al. , 1998Nesov and Yarkov 1989;Nesov 1990, 1992;Nesov and Panteleyev 1993;Roček and Nesov 1993;Brinkman et al. 1994;Currie et al. 1994;Archibald et al. 1998;Nesov and Panteleeva 1999;Panteleyev 1999;Averianov 2002a;Averianov 2005, 2012;Danilov and Parham 2005;Szalay and Sargis 2006;Sues 2007, 2012b;Danilov 2007;Feldmann et al. 2007;Rezvyi 2007;Skutschas 2009Skutschas , 2013Averianov 2009a, b, 2013;Syromyatnikova and Danilov 2009;Averianov et al. 2010;Chester et al. 2010;Mkhitaryan and Averianov 2011;Chester et al. 2012;Averianov and Archibald 2013a, b;Danilov and Vitek 2013;Vitek and Danilov 2013). ...
Citation: Averianov A (2014) Review of taxonomy, geographic distribution, and paleoenvironments of Azhdarchidae (Pterosauria) ZooKeys 432: 1–107. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.432.7913 Abstract The taxonomy, geographic distribution, and paleoenvironmental context of azhdarchid pterosaurs are reviewed. All purported pteranodontid, tapejarid, and azhdarchid specimens from the Cenomanian Kem Kem beds of Morocco are referred to a single azhdarchid taxon, Alanqa saharica. The four proposed autapomorphies of Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis from the lower Maastrichtian Sebeş Formation of Ro-mania are based on misinterpretations of material and this taxon is likely a subjective junior synonym of Hatzegopteryx thambema. Among 54 currently reported azhdarchid occurrences (51 skeletal remains and 3 tracks) 13% are from lacustrine deposits, 17% from fluvial plain deposits, 17% from coastal plain depos-its, 18% from estuarine and lagoonal deposits, and 35% from costal marine deposits. Azhdarchids likely inhabited a variety of environments, but were abundant near large lakes and rivers and most common in nearshore marine paleoenvironments. Copyright Alexander Averianov. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. A peer-reviewed open-access journal
... These records are not yet sufficiently substantiated to justify their use in establishing a minimum divergence time constraint. The next oldest stem testudinoid is Lindholmemys elegans Riabinin, 1935 from the Turonian Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan (Feldmann et al., 2007). Shaffer et al. (1997) were the first to include L. elegans in a phylogenetic analysis, but Danilov and Parham (2005) showed that the specimens used to code characters for the Lindholmemys in Shaffer et al. (1997) actually represent a chimera of different taxa. ...
Turtles have served as a model system for molecular divergence dating studies using fossil calibrations. However, because some parts of the fossil record of turtles are very well known, divergence age estimates from molecular phylogenies often do not differ greatly from those observed directly from the fossil record alone. Also, the phylogenetic position and age of turtle fossil calibrations used in previous studies have not been adequately justified. We provide the first explicitly justified minimum and soft maximum age constraints on 22 clades of turtles following best practice protocols. Using these data we undertook a Bayesian relaxed molecular clock analysis establishing a timescale for the evolution of crown Testudines that we exploit in attempting to address evolutionary questions that cannot be resolved with fossils alone. Some of these questions, such as whether the turtle crown originated in the Triassic or Jurassic, cannot be resolved by our analysis. However, our results generate novel age-of-origination estimates for clades within crown Testudines. Finally, we compare our fossil calibrations and posterior age estimates to those from other studies, revealing substantial differences in results and interpretation.
... From elsewhere in Europe it was reported from France, England, Spain, Sweden, Bulgaria and Romania (Sornay, 1964;Kennedy & Wright, 1979, 1981Mortimore & Pommerol, 1991;Tarkowski 1991;Gale, 1996;Ion et al., 2004;Košt'ák et al., 2004;Woods, 2007). Outside Europe, the genus has been reported from Japan, Montana (USA), Madagascar, northern Africa, S India, Russia, the Crimea, the Causasus and Kazakhstan (Ivannikov, 1967;Collignion, 1971Collignion, -1972Matsumoto, 1979;Kaesler, 1996;Marcinowski et al., 1996;Kennedy et al., 2005a;Ayyasami, 2006;Feldman et al., 2007). ...
The ammonites Lewesiceras peramplum Mantell
and ?Lewesiceras sp. are reported from the
Upper Cretaceous in the Nysa Kłodzka Graben; they date from the
Middle Turonian and ?Coniacian, respectively. The Middle Turonian
limestones of the Stara Bystrzyca quarry contain an abundant assemblage
of inoceramids ( Inoceramus cuvieri Sowerby
and I. lamarcki Parkinson) and other bivalves, including oysters, as
well as brachiopods and trace fossils. Micropalaeontological data show
the presence of foraminifers and siliceous sponge spiculae, bryozoans,
ostracods and fragments of bivalves and gastropods. The Middle Turonian
calcareous deposits belongs to the upper part of the
Inoceramus lamarcki Zone (late Middle
Turonian) and were deposited on a shallow, subtidal offshore shelf. They
overlie the Middle Turonian Bystrzyca and Długopole Sandstones,
which represent foreshore-shoreface delta deposits. The fossil
assemblage suggests a moderate- to low-energy, normal-salinity
environment with occasionally an oxygen deficit.
... We adopt the generic features outlined by Feldmann et al. (2007) for Hoploparia, and subscribe to Secrétan's (1964) assignment of the Malagasy material to it. Secrétan (1964) distinguished Hoploparia collignoni from H. sculpta and H. intermedia principally by: 1) the fact that cephalothoracic grooves were more or less well marked; and 2) the occurrence of different ornament of the inner and outer margins of the propodus and of the abdominal somites. ...
... Judging from the original description and the line drawing (reconstruction), in comparison with the specimen itself, we noted inconsistencies such as the orbital area and the interpretation of the outline of the dorsal bosses. Recently Schweitzer et al. (2007) have discussed and reviewed Titanocarcinus, listing all species referred to this genus and their current status. Those authors pointed out that T. mamillatus showed a development of carapace regions which was similar not only to that of Titanocarcinus, but also to members of other Cretaceous xanthoid families, such as the Palaeoxanthopsidae. ...
Decapod crustaceans from the Mesozoic of Madagascar have been studied by a number of authors during the last century. One of the largest sets of specimens was collected by the French General Maurice Collignon between 1930 and 1950; this was subsequently studied by Secrétan (1964) who described numerous species of macrurans, brachyurans, and axiideans. These crustaceans originate from the Upper Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous of the Mahajanga Basin (NW Madagascar) and, especially, from the Morondava Basin (central-SW Madagascar). The purpose of the present study is twofold: to furnish an update of the stratigraphy and geology of the studied areas and, above all, to revise the Secrétan's species, employing current systematic nomenclature, supplying for each detailed geographic and stratigraphic data since such were either cursory or incomplete in previous papers. The present revision considers 13 species recorded by Secrétan as valid, namely: Enoploclytia collignoni Secrétan, 1964, Eryma granuliferum Secrétan, 1964, Pustulina spinulata (Secrétan, 1964) (all Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925); Hoploparia collignoni (Van Straelen, 1949), H. pusilla Secrétan, 1964 (both Nephropidae Dana, 1852 sensu Tshudy & Babcock 1997); Ctenocheles madagascariensis Secrétan, 1964 (Ctenochelidae Manning & Felder, 1991); Schlueteria menabensis Secrétan, 1964 (Axiidae Huxley, 1879); Linuparus bererensis Secrétan, 1964 (Palinuridae Latreille, 1802); Dromiopsis pulchella Secrétan, 1964 (Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892); Caloxanthus simplex (Secrétan, 1964) (Etyidae Guinot & Tavares, 2001); “Xanthosia” robertsi Secrétan, 1982 (nomen novum pro Xanthosia elegans Secrétan, 1964, non Roberts, 1962), Titanocarcinus mamillatus Secrétan, 1964 (both Xanthoidea incertae sedis); and Secretanella arcuata (Secrétan, 1964) (indeterminate family). The three species described by Secrétan (1964) as belonging to the raninid genus Notopocorystes McCoy, 1849, N. bituberculatus, N. australis and N. denisae will be revised in a forthcoming paper. Our comparative studies have also revealed a number of synonymous taxa, as follows: Eryma granuliferum Secrétan, 1964 (junior synonym: E. madagascariensis Secrétan, 1964); Linuparus bererensis Secrétan, 1964 (junior synonym: L. bererensis multispinosus Secrétan, 1964); Hoploparia collignoni (Van Straelen, 1949) (junior synonym: H. intermedia Secrétan, 1964 and H. sculpta Secrétan, 1964); Schlueteria menabensis Secrétan, 1964 (junior synonym: S. tuberculosa Secrétan, 1964). Lastly, we have doubts about the systematic validity of Enoploclytia armata Secrétan, 1964, Eryma australe (Secrétan, 1964), and Coleia incerta Secrétan, 1964, because of the absence of main diagnostic features, useful for their systematic ascription.
... A relict distribution is believed to be a possible cause for the current endemism of these lobsters (Newman, 1991). Linuparus fossils are widely distributed in shallow waters in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres from the Cretaceous to Oligocene and probably Pliocene (see Newman, 1991;Feldmann and Quilty, 1997;George, 2006;Feldmann et al., 2007), with most of the species recorded in Europe and North America during the Cretaceous (Fig. 1). Linuparus is generally believed to have a Tethyan distribution, and dispersed from its point of origin in the North Atlantic basin (Feldmann and Schweitzer, 2006) into the West Indian Ocean (Secretan, 1964) and Cameroon (Glaessner, 1932); into the North Pacific (the current distribution of some extant species); down to the southern latitudes in New Zealand (Feldmann and Bearlin, 1988), Chile (Feldmann et al., 1993) and Antarctica (Tshudy and Feldmann, 1988;Feldmann and Tshudy, 1989). ...
... Tsang et al., 2009), but also other decapod crustaceans (e.g. Feldmann, 1986;Feldmann and Tshudy, 1989;Feldmann and Schweitzer, 2006;Chan et al., 2009) and a Table 3. Geological time and geographical distribution of fossil only species (with assigned codes) from the genus Linuparus (mainly after Moths et al., 2003;Cope et al., 2005;Van Bakel et al., 2006;Feldmann et al., 2007;Vega et al., 2007;Schweitzer et al., 2010). Finer scale locality details are given only for those countries with coastlines covering more than one ocean. ...
Linuparus White, 1847 comprises three extant species, Linuparus trigonus (Von Siebold, 1824), L. sordidusBruce, 1965, and L. somniosusBerry and George, 1972, as well as 32 fossil species. Most fossil records are from North America and Europe, but the extant species are all confined to the Indo-West Pacific. Different colour forms in L. trigonus and L. sordidus have been noted, with Northern Hemisphere specimens generally darker in colour for both species. The phylogenetic relationships of the extant Linuparus species, including the colour forms, were investigated using mitochondrial 12S rRNA and COI gene sequence analysis. We found no genetic evidence to differentiate the colour morphs of L. sordidus, but the two colour forms of L. trigonus were clearly distinct at the species level. This is supported morphologically by a consistent difference in the shape of the thoracic sternum between the two forms. The paler coloured Southern Hemisphere form is described as a new species, L. meridionalis. Phylogenetic analysis shows that L. trigonus and L. meridionalis sp. nov. are derived sister taxa, while L. somniosus is basal within the genus. Thus the present results support the previous hypothesis that Linuparus was originated in shallow water.
