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Decisions on transport plans and projects involve relevant public investments and may also determine radical changes in users’ costs. Unfortunately, it is not rare that—especially at the strategic planning stage—decisions on alternative projects or scenarios are made on a qualitative basis or, at best, by setting some indicators and verifying how m...
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Citations
... Standard economic indicators commonly used in financial evaluation include the net present value (NPV), financial internal rate of return (FIRR) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) [33,34]. In general, all indicators will provide a scale that compares the value of each proposed alternative's benefits and costs, but specifically, each indicator has different characteristics. ...
... This apparently obvious integration brings a lot of practical complexity and even problems (Beria et al., 2018). ...
Cost–benefit analysis (CBA) is probably the most used assessment approach in public decisions concerning transport, but other exist. This chapter will briefly describe such other approaches and techniques, pointing out their perspective, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and clarifying their methodological differences with CBA. To do that, a sort of taxonomy is proposed. Then, some general issues related to appraisal (transparency, complexity, political acceptance, equity) will be commented in a comparative perspective. Finally, we will try to respond to the often-asked question: is it possible to “mix” techniques to obtain a better appraisal? Is it worthwhile, useless or even risky?
... A detailed analysis of costs and related benefits (CBA) is carried out for the implementation of the decarbonization scenario applied in Italy for 2030. Many research papers carry out a cost-benefit analysis in different sectors by taking into account of all cost and benefit parameters for complete policy evaluation (Shekarchian et al., 2012;Shih and Tseng, 2014;Beria et al., 2018). ...
Mitigation strategies towards progressive decarbonization of the energy system are a valid approach to slow environmental pollution yielding social benefits, as established from National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). The first objective is the increase of energy efficiency within 2030 by promoting the use of renewable energy and the electrification of consumption in other sectors (household and transport). Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is an analytical tool to evaluate investments and support policy decisions for society's welfare. The paper aims to assess how CBA can be used to quantify the costs and related social benefits in different sectors (energy, transport and household) if the decarbonization scenario is applied in Italy in 2030. Overall, our findings show positive benefits obtained with the adoption of different mitigation strategies for all sectors. These results can provide significant support to decision-makers in the implementation of decarbonization scenario in Italy scheduled for 2030.
... The first such contribution came from Adler and Proost (2010), where they focused on modelling approaches, including the general equilibrium model, the partial equilibrium game-theoretic model, and the partial equilibrium model, to perform an economic assessment of large, inter-urban transport modes, including air transport and high-speed rail. Next, Maravas, Pantouvakis, and Lambropoulos (2012) Beria, Bertolin, and Grimaldi (2018) proposed a combined approach between transport models and cost-benefit analysis to support decision-makers. These authors attempted to use modelling software, entitled GIS, to visualise the network effect of new infrastructure before integrating forecasts into CBA in order to improve the awareness of investment choices. ...
Cost-benefit Analysis (CBA) is routinely used to evaluate transport infrastructure projects. However, CBA has limitations, as discussed in the literature review. To address these, a novel stakeholder-centric CBA Framework (SCF) was developed that inherently addresses stakeholder engagement and provides the rationale for the selection of appropriate evaluation methods. The SCF provides a seven-step process for combining ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ systems approaches, includes a tool for quantitative analysis, and employs a satisficing benchmark that reflects the degree of stakeholder consensus. The SCF enhances CBA design and implementation and its use enables decision-makers to arrive at appropriately sustainable and feasible investment decisions.
I den här promemorian har vi strävat efter att skapa en gemensam förståelse för begreppet tillgänglighet bland transportpolitikens aktörer. Vi har kartlagt definitioner av tillgänglighet, dess komponenter och olika mått för att mäta den. Vi lämnar ett förslag till definition av tillgänglighet och hur tillgänglighetsmåtten bör användas.
Several studies cite great potential for microtransit services to improve transportation equity by providing disadvantaged communities with a more flexible and reliable option relative to traditional fixed route transit. However, few have attempted to forecast these equity benefits. This study seeks to contribute to the ongoing discussion by exploring potential equity impacts of a microtransit service in Metropolitan Detroit. Using a logsum accessibility measure calculated from a regional travel demand model, we simulate accessibility changes due to a hypothetical regional microtransit service and demonstrate a regional transportation equity analysis using a typical regional travel demand model. Our results show that accessibility gains would be slightly higher for lower income communities (17% increase compared with 13% for high income) and transit-dependent households (21% compared with 15% for car-owning households). Further, we find that Microtransit may help to reduce gaps in accessibility between disadvantaged and more advantaged traveler groups.
