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Correlations among Frequency of Shared Family Mealtimes, Family Stability and the Bulimia Test Revised
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The present study extended previous research reporting an association between frequency of family mealtimes and bulimia nervosa by exploring whether family mealtimes might be a component of a larger construct of family stability. One hundred thirty-four female undergraduates completed retrospective measures of family stability, frequency of shared...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the frequency of shared family lunchtimes variable was retained to create a frequency of mealtime composite score described later. Table 1 presents the correlations among the various measures employed in the present research. As indicated, the SAFE was significantly positively correlated with both breakfast and dinner shared family mealtime frequency. ...
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Citations
... Eating disorders and restricted eating habits, such as extreme dieting, have also been examined in relation to sharing meals together. In general, a significant relationship between eating disorders and low levels of sharing meals together has been reported [60][61][62]; but these effects are often minimized when family factors such as stability are included in analyses [61]. Greater frequency of family meals was associated with decreased odds of engaging in unhealthy weight control behaviors in boys, and dieting, unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors in girls. ...
... Eating disorders and restricted eating habits, such as extreme dieting, have also been examined in relation to sharing meals together. In general, a significant relationship between eating disorders and low levels of sharing meals together has been reported [60][61][62]; but these effects are often minimized when family factors such as stability are included in analyses [61]. Greater frequency of family meals was associated with decreased odds of engaging in unhealthy weight control behaviors in boys, and dieting, unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors in girls. ...
In-home and shared meals have been hypothesized to have positive effects. This narrative review examines research on the influence of in-home eating on diet quality, health outcomes, and family relationships. A combination search approach included a search of PubMed, backward searches of previous published reviews, and studies the authors were familiar with. A search identified 118 publications; 54 original studies and 11 review studies were included in this review. Each study was reviewed and summarized. The diverse designs precluded quantitative data synthesis. Relatively strong evidence from cross-sectional research supports the association of shared family meals with favorable dietary patterns in children and adolescents, including consumption of fruits, vegetables, and healthful nutrients. Correlational evidence links shared meals with health and psychosocial outcomes in youth, including less obesity, decreased risk for eating disorders, and academic achievement. Most evidence is cross-sectional, thus, limiting attribution of causality. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that interventions improve the frequency of shared meals, improve diet, or prevent child obesity. Despite the “common wisdom”, the evidence that in-home, shared meals, per se, have positive effects on diet quality, health outcomes, psychosocial outcomes, and family relationships is limited due to weak research designs and single-item measurement of the independent variable. More research, with stronger designs, is warranted.
... In addition, Fiese et al. [41] stress that family mealtime is a household routine that provides stability and predictability for children and is related to several important positive child health outcomes, including a lower prevalence of DE. Family meals can serve as opportunities for parents to demonstrate healthy eating patterns, potentially influencing children's DE attitudes and behaviors [42]. Furthermore, family dinners may provide opportunities for parents to set examples for healthy eating practices and to expose children to a variety of foods. ...
... Additionally, among both ethnic groups, not eating dinner at all, as well as eating dinner out of the home (vs. the home family dinner), were both related to a higher risk for DE. It is possible that when children eat dinner outside of the home or do not eat dinner at all, parents have fewer opportunities to be vigilant about their children's eating patterns, as well as a lessened capability to have an impact on their food-related attitudes and behaviors [42]. Indeed, prior studies have suggested that both skipping meals [43] and eating out of the home [44,45] are linked with weight gain and unhealthful dietary intake, probably due to a lack of parental involvement in the child's eating habits on those occasions. ...
Abstract Background Disordered eating (DE), defined as unhealthy eating attitudes and behaviors, is considered a major public health problem among adolescents. Nevertheless, rates of DE among Arab and Jewish adolescents in Israel are still unknown. Furthermore, while previous studies have highlighted the role of frequent family meals as a protective factor against DE, studies examining home family dinners relative to other common dinner options (e.g., eating at home alone, eating out of the home, not eating dinner at all) are largely unavailable. We sought to use representative data of middle and high-school children in Israel in order to identify rates of DE among Arabs and Jews, while examining the relations of home family dinners (vs. other dinner options) with DE. Methods A nationally representative school-based survey of 4926 middle and high-school children (11–19 years old) was conducted during 2015–2016. Participants indicated where and with whom they had eaten dinner the day before. The 5-item SCOFF questionnaire was used (> 2 affirmative items were considered a likely case of DE). Height and weight were measured by personnel. Results DE was more prevalent among girls (29.7%) relative to boys (12.2%), Arabs (25.1%) relative to Jews (19.5%), and older (25.3%) relative to younger (17.6%) adolescents. Arabs were more likely to eat dinner at home with parents/family (chi2 = 10.75, p = .001), or not to eat dinner at all (chi2 = 63.27, p
... For example, bedtime is not only about getting children to fall asleep, but is also an occasion to spend quality time with them, to be together, cuddling and showing affection (Spagnola & Fiese, 2007). Mealtimes are another family routine that is associated with better child mental and physical health (Flores, Tomany-Korman, & Olson, 2005;Munoz, Israel, & Anderson, 2007). For example, during mealtimes, children have the opportunity to develop their language skills; during dinner, families discuss the events of the day, talk about past stories, make plans for the future and so on (Spagnola & Fiese, 2007), all of which exposes children to rich language, narratives, explanations, and cultural rules about speech (Aukrust, 2002;Ely, Gleason, MacGibbon, & Zaretsky, 2001). ...
This study compares Italian mothers’ and Ecuadorian immigrant mothers’ daily family routines. Thirty mothers took part in this investigation: 15 Italians (M = 37.5 years, with ages ranging from 30 to 42 years) and 15 Ecuadorians (M = 36.1 years, with ages ranging from 18 to 46 years and having lived in Italy for an average of 15 years), with children ranging in age from 4 to 8 years. The objective is to highlight the differences and similarities between the daily routines and family relations that characterize the lives of each of the two groups of participants. The instruments employed in service of these aims were in-depth interviews and diaries. The results showed similarities regarding the routines of Italian and Ecuadorian families. However, a relevant difference emerged regarding their perceptions of social support. Specifically, Italians receive more social support from their parents than do Ecuadorians, who are supported more by other relatives or by friends.
... Similarly, family meals have been found to positively impact children's social and behavioral skills [4,7,8]. However, according to the NSCH and Healthy People 2020, only 47.8 % of parents report that a family member reads to their child daily, 56.8 % report engaging in daily storytelling or singing, and 60.6 % report having a daily meal together [1,9,10]. Moreover, these rates were not evenly distributed among the population, finding disparities along race, income, and educational divides [1,3,6,[11][12][13][14]. ...
Objectives
(1) Investigate the relationship between three specific positive parenting practices (PPP)—reading to children, engaging in storytelling or singing, and eating meals together as a family—and parent-reported risk of developmental, behavioral, or social delays among children between the ages of 1–5 years in the US. (2) Determine if a combination of these parenting practices has an effect on the outcome.
Methods
Chi square and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to analyze cross-sectional data from the National Survey of Children’s Health 2011/2012 in regards to the relationship between each of the three individual PPP as well as a total PPP score and the child’s risk of being developmentally, socially, or behaviorally delayed (N = 21,527). Risk of delay was calculated using the Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status Questionnaire, which is a parental self-report measure that has been correlated with diagnosed child delays. These analyses controlled for poverty and parental education. All analyses were completed using SAS Version 9.3.
Results
A strong correlation was found between each of the three PPP as well as the total PPP score and the child’s risk of developmental, social, or behavioral delays (p
... Given that shared family mealtimes do not acknowledge the complex process of interpersonal dynamics or the factors in which family members engage in the planning of a meal (Fiese, Ham-mons, & Grigsby-Toussaint, 2012), several explanations to the protective effect of family meals have been suggested. For instance, family mealtimes may occur within the context of family rituals or routines as part of an overall set of family activities that provide stability to the family (Munoz, Israel, & Anderson, 2007). It is also possible that the organizational features of family meals, as part of the family routine, may provide structure, order, and predictability to the family and have an effect on health related outcomes (Fiese et al., 2012;Schuck & Bucy, 1997). ...
Family meals are regarded as an opportunity to promote healthy child development. In this brief report, we examined the relationship between frequency of family meals and children's social behaviors in 6-11-year-olds. The 2007 U.S. National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) provided data on the frequency of family meals in a sample of 6-11-year-old children (N = 24,167). The following social behavior indicators were examined: child positive social skills, child problematic social behaviors, child engagement in school, and parental aggravation with the child. Individual logistic regression analyses were calculated in unadjusted and adjusted models. On average, families had 5.3 meals together per week. In adjusted models, more frequent family meals increased the odds of child positive social skills (OR = 1.08, 95% CI [1.02, 1.16]) and child engagement in school (OR = 1.11, 95% CI [1.06, 1.15]), and decreased the likelihood of child problematic social behaviors (OR = 0.92, 95% CI [0.87, 0.98]). There was no association between frequency of family meals and parental aggravation with the child (OR = 0.98, 95% CI [0.93, 1.04]). Findings support the promotion of family meals to benefit children's development of healthy social behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).
... Several studies have examined the association between family meal patterns and disordered eating in the general population [2,4,6]. These studies have suggested that infrequent family meals may lead to a higher risk of disordered eating [10,11]. Longitudinal findings from the Project Eating Among Teens study showed that regular family meals were associated with a lower prevalence of extreme weight control behaviors, including self-induced vomiting, and the use of diet pills, laxatives, and diuretics [6]. ...
... Specifically, the questions ask "How often do you eat (specify a meal) with your family?", and the five response choices are less than weekly; one to two times per week; three to four times per week; five to six times per week; or every day. The FMQ has previously been used in several studies [10,11]. ...
... The results show that children and adolescents with AN, BN, and FED-NEC differ in the frequency of their family meals, and that higher family meal frequency is associated with less eating disorder psychopathology among children and adolescents with BN and FED-NEC. This study builds upon the extant literature suggesting that family meals may help to protect against disordered eating attitudes and behaviors [5,10,11], by identifying several correlations between family meal frequency and eating disorder psychopathology in a clinical sample. ...
Purpose
Previous studies on family meals and disordered eating have mainly drawn their samples from the general population. The goal of the current study is to determine family meal frequency among children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and feeding or eating disorder not elsewhere classified (FED-NEC) and to examine whether family meal frequency is associated with eating disorder psychopathology.
Methods
Participants included 154 children and adolescents (M = 14.92 ± 2.62), who met criteria for AN (n = 60), BN (n = 32), or FED-NEC (n = 62). All participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination and the Family Meal Questionnaire prior to treatment at the University of Chicago Eating Disorders Program.
Results
AN and BN participants significantly differed in terms of family meal frequency. A majority of participants with AN (71.7%), compared with less than half (43.7%) of participants with BN, reported eating dinner with their family frequently (five or more times per week). Family meal frequency during dinner was significantly and negatively correlated with dietary restraints and eating concerns among participants with BN (r = −.381, r = −.366, p < .05) and FED-NEC (r = −.340, r = −.276, p < .05).
Conclusions
AN patients' higher family meal frequency may be explained by their parents' relatively greater vigilance over eating, whereas families of BN patients may be less aware of eating disorder behaviors and hence less insistent upon family meals. Additionally, children and adolescents with AN may be more inhibited and withdrawn and therefore are perhaps more likely to stay at home and eat together with their families.
... Lo cual exigirá realizar estudios con muestras que abarquen este tipo de TCA. De igual manera, nuestros hallazgos discrepan de otros estudios donde las personas con sintomatología de TCA (grupo de riesgo) si presentaban menor cohesión y afectividad (Álvarez et al., 2001) y comparten menos actividades familiares (Munoz et al., 2007), sin embargo, en el presente estudio si bien estos aspectos también aparecen disminuidos con respecto al grupo control, esta diferencia no alcanzó la significancia. ...
... En cambio en el grupo en riesgo (STCA) se encuentran mayor número de asociaciones entre la dimensión de desarrollo y la subescala de control familiar con diversos síntomas restrictivos y bulímicos. En el grupo control este tipo de asociaciones son de menor magnitud que en los grupos clínicos y de riesgo; destaca la subescala de conflicto como aquella que se relaciona con más síntomas de TCA, estos resultados que coindicen con investigaciones previas (Holston & Cashwell, 2000;Munoz et al., 2007;. Si retomamos estos datos a la luz de los diferentes niveles de afectación, podríamos pensar en un continuo de riesgo asociado al deterioro del funcionamiento familiar. ...
This study was conducted with the aim to compare the family functioning in women with different level of eating alteration: clinic (AN, BN, EDNOS) and risk to ED; also to assess the risk and protective effects of family functioning over the participants' diagnosis. 135 women participated; they were diagnosed with clinic interview and answered three questionnaires: EAT, BULIT and FES. The results confirmed that the ED symptoms are more pronounced in the clinical groups (BN, EDNOS), especially there were more compensatory behaviors in clinical groups than the risk group. The bulimic group has the poor family functioning. The correlational analysis confirmed some negatives associations between ED symptoms and family functioning. In consequence, the logistic regression models indicate that encourage the development dimension has a protective effects to decrease the probability to have ED, however, the contribution is limited because the models leave a large amount of unexplained variance. The findings are discussed from the multifactorial perspective where the family functioning should be interpreted in conjunction with others individual and social factors associated to ED.
... Many parents are unaware of food guidance recommendations for eating a variety of foods as they plan meals for their families. Regular family meals provide an opportunity for the modeling of healthy eating patterns and social interactions among family members, and may thus help to reinforce healthy eating patterns and prevent disordered eating behaviors (Muñoz, Isreal, & Anderson, 2007). ...
... Researchers have found that the frequency of family mealtime is a protective factor for disordered eating, depressive symptoms, and drug and alcohol use for children and adolescents (Eisenberg et al., 2004;Fulkerson et al., 2007;Koivisto et al., 1994;Muñoz et al., 2007, Neumark-Sztainer et al., 2004Story et al., 2002;Story & Neumar-Sztainer, 2004). Mealtimes are an opportunity for parents to promote appropriate nutrition and to provide an environment for family discussions that act as a protective factor for the development of eating disorder symptomology (Ackard & Neumark-Sztainer, 2001). ...
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is a health concern for Latino children and adolescents in the United States. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of acculturation and the frequency of family mealtime and examine the relationship of acculturation and weight in Mexican-American children. Participants were 23 third grade students who self-identified as Latino from an elementary school in the Pacific Northwest. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess level of acculturation and frequency of family mealtimes and participant weight and height was taken. Two levels of acculturation were identified within the sample, low and moderate. Although no significant differences were found in frequency of family mealtimes between the low acculturation and moderate acculturation groups, a significant difference in BMI percentile was detected between the different levels acculturation; those with a higher level of acculturation had higher BMIs. Overall, data suggests that a higher level of acculturation may be associated with an unhealthy lifestyle for Latino youth. Future research is needed to explore the impact of immigration, social and environmental inequities, and cultural experiences on behaviors contributing to obesity. Research is needed that investigates the most effective means to prevent overweight among Latino youth and effective intervention approaches that encompass the family unit and the physical environment.
... Family mealtimes have been associated with greater levels of unity and communication among family members (Fulkerson, Neumark-Stzainer, & Story, 2006). Although the average family mealtime lasts only about 18-19 minutes (Mitchell, Piazza, Waggoner, Modi, & Janicke, 2009), this important time together has been shown to provide beneficial shared family events that have been linked to better physical and mental health outcomes, and even family stability (Flores, Tomany-Korman, & Olson, 2005;Munoz, Israel, & Anderson, 2007). ...
Research has shown the importance of routines for optimal child development. A systematic review can offer a detailed overview of the evidence linking routines to child outcomes, particularly in high‐risk settings. This review aimed to elucidate the association between daily routines and child development and to pinpoint the protective role of routines in high‐risk environments. A search of PubMed and PsycINFO databases yielded literature from 1950 to June 2020. Out of 4297 initial hits, 170 studies met the selection criteria. Findings mainly indicate that routines are associated with positive developmental outcomes in children, covering cognitive, self‐regulation, social–emotional, academic skills, and overall mental and physical health. The results also underline the protective power of routines in challenging environments. The study suggests possible mechanisms through which routines influence child outcomes and recommends avenues for future research, supporting evidence‐based strategies to encourage parental use of routines.
