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OBJECTIVE In this study we aim to investigate the effects of somatic and related symptoms (SARS), alexithymia, hypochondriasis, anxiety and depression on patients with major depressive disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease which are the representative diseases of brain gut axis (BGA). METHOD Sex and age similar groups of pa...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... was no significant cor- relation between hypochondriacal worry and depression levels in MDD patients; somatosensory amplification and alexithymia levels in patients with IBS; somatosensory amplification and hypochondriacal worry in patients with IBDs; somatic symptoms and hypochondriacal worry in depressive patients (p > .05). The correlations of the variables are shown in Table 4. ...
Context 2
... was no significant cor- relation between hypochondriacal worry and depression levels in MDD patients; somatosensory amplification and alexithymia levels in patients with IBS; somatosensory amplification and hypochondriacal worry in patients with IBDs; somatic symptoms and hypochondriacal worry in depressive patients (p > .05). The correlations of the variables are shown in Table 4. ...
Citations
... Some researchers highlighted the role of other psychological variables in affecting the QoL of patients with DGBIs, such as emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression) [20,21], insecure attachment (i.e., attachment anxiety and avoidance) [22,23], and alexithymia (i.e., difficulties in identifying and describing feelings) [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Moreover, somatosensory amplification (SSA, or the tendency to perceive somatic sensations as intense, bothersome, and/or harmful), has been found to be significantly higher among patients with DGBIs than controls [30]. ...
The disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBIs) are a heterogeneous group of chronic conditions that greatly reduce patients’ quality of life (QoL). To date, biopsychosocial factors (such as gastrointestinal symptoms, alexithymia, and interpersonal problems) are believed to contribute to the development and maintenance of DGBIs, but their role in affecting patients’ QoL is still under investigation. Out of 141 patients seeking treatment for their gastrointestinal symptoms, 71 were diagnosed with a DGBI (47 females, 66.2%; Mage: 41.49 ± 17.23 years) and were age- and sex-matched to 71 healthy controls (47 females, 66.2%; Mage: 40.45 ± 16.38 years) without any current gastrointestinal symptom or diagnosis. Participants completed a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and a survey investigating several psychosocial risk factors. We found greater symptom severity and difficulties in identifying feelings among patients compared to controls. Further, multiple linear regression analyses evidenced that, among patients, higher expressive suppression of emotions, difficulties in identifying feelings and interpersonal problems, and a lower cognitive reappraisal of emotions predicted lower QoL. Data suggest that the QoL of patients with DGBIs is affected not only by common risk factors (e.g., interpersonal problems) but also by specific difficulties in processing and regulating emotions. The implications of these findings are discussed.
... We found no significant association between alexithymic characteristics and psychological distress in IBD patients, a rather unexpected finding [3,29] that raises the issue of how complex is the association between alexithymia and psychological distress. Alexithymia is not a clinical disorder, but a constellation of idiosyncratic traits that raise the risk of mental or psychosomatic disease [30]. ...
Background Alexithymia and atypical gut-brain signaling have been linked to the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We herein assessed IBD patients' alexithymia levels and interoceptive abilities, and detected potential correlations with psychological distress, symptom severity and disease activity, and inflammation indices.
... Other problems of a mixed and contextual nature (e.g., issues with attention, thinking, and social relationships) are also considered, and "comorbidity" is a term in widespread use to describe the presence of two or more disorders at the same time. In such cases, it is common to discover the presence of depressive disorders alongside anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, conduct, substance use, and eating disorders [7][8][9][10][11]. Comorbidity has become a relevant issue in clinical practice due to its serious impact on the life course and as a major factor in disability or death due to suicide [12]. ...
... On the same track, studies of sleep quality demonstrate the association between feelings of fatigue and physical activity frequency, whereby fatigue symptoms improve as physical activity increases among those with poor sleep quality [65]. As for gastrointestinal issues, studies have clearly identified the activation of physiological vegetative manifestations as symptoms of depression [9]. Thirdly, results related to the comorbidity of depressive symptoms with externalizing problems and anxiety should be considered from a developmental perspective. ...
Purpose
This investigation aimed to explore attribute dynamics and symptomatic comorbidity of depression with internalizing, externalizing, and other personal–contextual problems in children and adolescents from a network analysis.
Methods
We tested an attribute network of regularized partial correlations, standard and alternative centrality measures, and comorbidity bridge symptoms according to centrality bridge measures.
Results
Regularized partial correlation network and a centrality measures graph shown the prominent position of social problems and anxiety–depression. Minimum spanning tree (MST) found a hierarchical dynamics between attributes where mixed anxiety–depression was identified as the core and the other attributes were hierarchically connected to it by being positioned in six branches that are differentiated according to their theoretical contents. The most central connections are established with the attributes of their own community or theoretical groups, and 37 bridge symptoms were identified in all networks.
Conclusions
A significant role of mixed anxiety depression as an activator and intermediary of psychopathologies was supported as a central attribute of internalizing problems. Aggressive behavior as part of the broad externalizing dimension was one of the constructs that most intensively activate the network, and social problems were also distinguished as a relevant factor not only in terms of connections and central attributes but also in terms of bridge symptoms and comorbidity. This framework extends to the study of symptomatic “comorbidity.”
... This study emphasizes that employees must be treated as consumers in the development of the internal marketing concept, as it can increase loyalty behavior through employee trust (Boonlertvanich, 2019;Hung et al., 2019). Other studies have also highlighted that job satisfaction is a significant factor contributing to employee loyalty (Yanartaş et al., 2019;Yang et al., 2017). ...
Purpose: This research investigates the role of employee trust and job satisfaction in the relationship between organizational culture and employee loyalty. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted among 355 healthcare professionals working in a private healthcare system in southern cities of Vietnam, including doctors, nurses, and other medical staff. The research method employed was partial least squared structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS software for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicate that organizational culture has a direct positive impact on employee loyalty and also affects employee trust and job satisfaction positively. Furthermore, employee trust and job satisfaction act as intermediaries and positively influence employee loyalty toward the organization. Research limitations/implications: The research acknowledges the limitation of the limited sample size and encourages further exploration of these relationships in other contexts. In addition, this study provides valuable insights for the management board of private healthcare organizations in southern cities of Vietnam on how to improve employee loyalty by cultivating a positive organizational culture, promoting employee trust, and enhancing job satisfaction. Originality/value: Overall, this research contributes significantly to the existing literature by examining the interplay between employee trust, organizational culture, job satisfaction, and employee loyalty.
... We found no significant association between alexithymic characteristics and psychological distress in IBD patients, a rather unexpected finding [3,29] that raises the issue of how complex is the association between alexithymia and psychological distress. Alexithymia is not a clinical disorder, but a constellation of idiosyncratic traits that raise the risk of mental or psychosomatic disease [30]. ...
Background:
Alexithymia and atypical gut-brain signaling have been linked to the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We herein assessed IBD patients' alexithymia levels and interoceptive abilities, and detected potential correlations with psychological distress, symptom severity and disease activity, and inflammation indices.
Methods:
Adult IBD outpatients and healthy controls were recruited. Alexithymia was assessed using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, interoceptive accuracy using the Heartbeat Counting Test (cardiac interoception) and the Water Load Test-II (gastric interoception), and interoceptive sensibility using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA).
Results:
Forty-one patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 16 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 50 healthy controls were included. In CD patients, the level of externally oriented thinking and total alexithymia score were correlated with disease activity (P=0.027 and P=0.047, respectively), while in UC patients difficulties in identifying emotions were linked to disease activity (P=0.007). In CD patients, the Noticing, Not-Worrying and Emotional Awareness MAIA subscale score were correlated with C-reactive protein levels (P=0.005, P=0.048 and P=0.005), the Noticing subscale score with interleukin (IL)-1β levels (r=-0.350, P=0.039), the Not-Distracting subscale score with IL-6 levels (r=-0.402, P=0.017), and the Emotional Awareness subscale score with IL-1β (r=-0.367, P=0.030) and IL-6 (r=-0.379, P=0.025) levels. Finally, in UC patients, the Not-Worrying subscale score was significantly associated with IL-6 levels (r=-0.532, P=0.049), while difficulties in identifying emotions were linked to IL-8 levels (r=0.604, P=0.022).
Conclusion:
Emotional and interoceptive processing is associated with IBD disease activity, suggesting a potential implication for IBD pathophysiology.
... A total of 21 studies [30,38,39,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] of FGIDs associated with anxiety were conducted, which included 10,633 participants consisting of 2282 FGID patients and 8351 healthy individuals. Except for those by Torun et al. [30] (p = 0.298) and Weerts et al. [63] (p = 0.08), almost all researches showed that the FGIDs group had a higher anxiety score. ...
... A meta-analysis of the somatization status was performed in seven articles [30,39,46,[53][54][55]60] with 805 participants including 424 in the FGIDs group and 381 in the control group. Heterogeneity test p = 0.0004, I 2 = 76%, which indicated heterogeneity. ...
Purpose
To systematically reevaluate the role of psychological factors in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and thus provide a scientific basis for the psychological treatment of FGIDs.
Methods
A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from January 2018 to August 2022 for researches on psychological factors affecting patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Meta-analysis was carried out with Stata17.0 after the screening, extraction, and evaluation of article quality.
Results
The search included 22 articles with 2430 patients in the FGIDs group and 12,397 patients in the healthy controls. Meta-analysis showed anxiety [(pooled SMD = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.62 ~ 0.86, p < 0.000) (pooled OR = 3.14, 95%CI: 2.47 ~ 4.00, p < 0.000)], depression [(pooled SMD = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.63 ~ 0.95, p < 0.000) (pooled OR = 3.09, 95%CI: 2.12 ~ 4.52, p < 0.000)], mental disorders (pooled MD = −5.53, 95%CI: −7.12 ~ −3.95, p < 0.05), somatization (pooled SMD = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.61 ~ 1.23, p < 0.000), and sleep disorders (pooled SMD = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.04 ~ 1.34, p < 0.05) are risk factors for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Conclusion
There is a significant association between psychological factors and FGIDs. Interventions such as anti-anxiety drugs, antidepressants, and behavioral therapy are of great clinical significance in reducing FGIDs risk and improving prognosis.
... Therefore, employee trust increases loyalty behaviour (Boonlertvanich, 2019;Hung et al., 2019). Several other studies show that job satisfaction is a strong case for employee loyalty (Yanartaş et al., 2019;Yang et al., 2017). Satisfaction studies are mainly associated with consumer behaviour (Matzler and Renzl, 2006). ...
... Alexithymia means difficulty in identifying and expressing feelings (1). Somatosensory amplification, hypochondriasis and alexithymia have been studied in different groups of patients with FSSs (13,14). ...
... Somatosensory amplification, hypochondriacal worry and alexithymia were significantly correlated with somatization scores in MDD and FMS patients. Our correlation analysis results were consistent with previous studies (Table 4 and Table 5) (14,16,32). ...
Introduction:
Despite being different medical conditions, functional somatic symptoms (FSSs) are common in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Higher levels of depression, anxiety, somatosensory amplification, hypochondriacal worry and alexithymia may be related to the severity of somatization in patients with MDD and FMS. We aimed to investigate the typology and severity of FSSs and the association between FSSs and these psychiatric symptoms in patients with MDD and FMS.
Method:
56 MDD, 33 FMS, 21 CoMF (Comorbidity of MDD and FMS) patients, and 50 healthy participants were included in the study, respectively. Diagnosis of MDD and FMS was established according to DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Text), and ACR (American College of Rheumatology) 2010 diagnostic criteria. All participants were evaluated with self-report questionnaires including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), Whiteley Index-7 (WI-7), The Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) somatization subscale and Bradford Somatic Inventory-44 (BSI-44).
Results:
The severity of somatization was statistically significantly highest in the CoMF group, and similar in the FMS and MDD groups, and lowest in the control group according to the BSI-44 and SCL-90-R results. The typology of FSSs was quite similar in patients with MDD and FMS, and weakness, tiredness and neck pain were the most common FSSs in both groups. Independent predictors of FSSs were age, the severity of anxiety and alexithymia in the MDD group, however, it was only the severity of anxiety in the FMS group.
Conclusions:
Our results show that the typology and severity of FSSs are similar in MDD and FMS patients. Moreover, somatization appears to be more associated with anxiety in patients with MDD and FMS.
... A recent review revealed that while IBD patients show more alexithymic features than healthy individuals, these cannot be considered as clinically significant (Martino et al., 2020). Nevertheless, the failure to recognize emotional percepts is thought to promote vulnerability to stress and impaired psychological well-being in IBD (La Barbera et al., 2017;Viganò et al., 2018;Yanartaş et al., 2019). ...
... It could also adopt multi-method and multi-informant approaches, which could be equivalent to the applied idiographic and nomothetic approaches in comparative research studies with clinical populations. Finally, further research could apply additional analyses, such as personalized networks or time-series networks, complemented with qualitative analysis, and consider cross-cultural, transdisciplinary or international research perspectives [14,[88][89][90][91][92][93]. ...
The combination of depression and anxiety is among the most prevalent comorbidities of disorders leading to substantial functional impairment in children and adolescents. The network perspective offers a new paradigm for understanding and measuring psychological constructs and their comorbidity. The present study aims to apply network analysis to explore the comorbidity between depression and anxiety symptoms. Specifically, the study examines bridge symptoms, comorbidity, and shortest pathway networks and estimates the impact of the symptoms in the network’s connectivity and structure. The findings show that “feeling lonely” and “feeling unloved” are identified as the most central bridge symptoms. The shortest path network suggests that the role of a mixed anxiety-depressive symptomatology, and specific and non-specific symptoms of clinical criteria, such as “worries,” “feels depressed,” “fears school,” and “talks about suicide” could serve as a warning for comorbidity.
