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The article identifies the main environmental factors affecting food security, based on the development trend of the main indicators of food security in the world. It is revealed that in the future, the impact of new technologies and climate change will become more important. The article defines a solution to the problem of world food security, whi...
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... Asian countries, where, on average, total consumption more than quadrupled in 1980-2010, it will double by 2050. In Africa, consumption will more than triple by 2050 from 16.4 to 50 million tons (table 3). At the same time, meat consumption in America, Europe and Australia will increase at a steady pace. ...Similar publications
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... There is a prediction that 830 to 1.09 billion people in the world will suffer from hunger by 2050 as a result of food safety issues, and that the supply of food should increase by at least 50% and even as much as 75% [3]. It has been suggested by experts that the global food demand will increase in the first half of the 21st century, however the crops will be widely used in bioenergy and industry, thereby threatening the food security of the least developed and developing countries [4]. As the world's population grows, food availability is one way to ensure food security in the future [5]. ...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factors for fitness enthusiasts' willingness to purchase insect protein foods as fitness protein replacements. Using structural equation modeling, a model was developed to understand the factors influencing the purchase intention of insect alternative foods. We conducted an online survey of 968 fitness enthusiasts in China. In accordance with the data processing results, perceived value appears to be one of the most significant factors that contribute to consumers' purchase intention, attitude, and satisfaction with their purchase decisions. Furthermore, satisfaction has the potential to improve user attitudes and increase user purchase intentions. As a whole, this study extends research on insect protein alternatives as a potential alternative product for bodybuilding supplements. Moreover, make some recommendations to producers, designers, and promoters.
... But during the past few years, the efficient management of fertilizers to produce the required food quantity faces persistent challenges in view of the world population, especially in developing countries like Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. In Pakistan, most farmers used nitrogen-based fertilizer due to the deficiency of nitrogen in soil (Kopteva et al., 2019;Lewis, 2004). Nitrogen (N) is found abundantly in the atmosphere, but it is inaccessible for plants in this form. ...
Nitrogen (N) is deficient in more than 90% of soils of Pakistan, mainly because of low organic matter contents. The use of nitrogenous fertilizers is a common practice for sustainable and profitable crop yields. A significant portion of added fertilizers is lost through volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. The low use efficiency of these fertilizers in our climate is a serious concern because of high costs and environmental issues. The present study evaluated the novel synergistic effect of urease and nitrification inhibitors such as ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) and 2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine (nitrapyrin) to reduce the urea hydrolysis in the soil of three cities of Pakistan, i.e., Faisalabad, Gujranwala, and Sheikhupura, to manage the ammonia as well as N loss. Three different combinations, such as A1, A2, and A3 of both inhibitors, were prepared with varying ratios of 1:1, 0.25:0.75, and 0.75:0.25, respectively. Results showed that the minimum urea hydrolysis of about 2.41, 2.79, and 4.68 IU/g soil was observed with A1 combination after 4th-day observation with the rate of 0.50% concentration for Faisalabad, Gujranwala, and Sheikhupura, respectively. In addition, results showed better urease activity at a pH value of 6.50, incubation time of 30 min, and temperature of 37 °C for all A1, A2, and A3 combinations with 0.50% concentration. Moreover, inhibitor-treated urea showed the maximum plant height of 111, 101, and 101 cm, and root length of 15, 11, and 5 cm, number of tillers of 14, 16, and 19 per panicle, and number of spikes of 37, 21, and 38 per panicle with A1, A2, and A3 combination at 0.50% dose respectively in Faisalabad soil. Overall, it is concluded that 0.50% inhibitor concentration showed the much impressive urease inhibition results followed by 0.25 and 0.10%. However, the application of inhibitors was a good practice to reduce the N loss from soil.
Graphical abstract
... But during the past few years, the approaches for the efficient management of fertilizers for the production of required food quantity are facing persistent challenges in view of the world population especially in developing countries like Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. In Pakistan, most farmers used nitrogen-based fertilizer due to the deficiency of nitrogen in soil [1,2]. Nitrogen (N) is found abundantly in the atmosphere but in this form, it is inaccessible for plants. ...
p>Nitrogen (N) is deficient in more than 90% of soils of Pakistan mainly because of low organic matter contents. The use of nitrogenous fertilizers is a common practice for sustainable and profitable crop yields. A significant portion of added fertilizers is lost through volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. Low use efficiency of these fertilizers in our climate is a serious concern because of high costs and environmental issues. The present study evaluated the novel synergistic effect of urease and nitrification inhibitors such as ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) and 2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine (Nitrapyrin) to reduce the urea hydrolysis in the soil of Faisalabad, Gujranwala, and Sheikhupura to manage the ammonia as well as N loss. Three different combinations such as A1, A2, and A3 of both inhibitors were prepared with different ratios of 1:1, 0.25:0.75, 0.75:0.25, respectively. Results showed that the minimum urea hydrolysis of about 2.41, 2.79, and 4.68 IU/g soil with A1 combination after 4<sup>th</sup>-day observation with the rate of 0.50% concentration for Faisalabad, Gujranwala, and Sheikhupura, respectively. In addition, results showed the better urease activity at a pH value of 6.50, incubation time of 30 min, and temperature of 37 ℃ for all A1, A2, and A3 combinations with 0.50% concentration. Moreover, inhibitors treated urea showed the plant maximum height of 111, 101, and 101 cm, and root length of 15, 11, and 5 cm, number of tillers of 14, 16, and 19 per panicle, and number of spikes of 37, 21 and 38 per panicle with A1, A2, and A3 combination at 0.50% dose respectively in Faisalabad soil. Overall, it is concluded that 0.50% inhibitor concentration showed the much impressive urease inhibition results followed by 0.25 and 0.10%. However, the application of inhibitors was a good practice to reduce the N loss from soil.</p
... According to the authors, "... there is a need to adjust customs and tariff regulation by carefully analyzing trends in food markets. When quoting, it is necessary to take into account not only all types of meat and meat products, but also the import of live poultry, pigs and cows" [10][11][12][13][14][15]. ...
The purpose of the study is to reveal the aspects of food self-sufficiency and the state of development of the meat products market of the Russian Federation. Objectives of the study . To analyze the current state of the development of the market for meat products and its influence on food self-sufficiency of the Russian Federation. Methods . In the course of the study, the following methods were used: methods of theoretical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis, methods of multivariate statistical analysis (for studying the state of the market of information and communication technologies in Russia).
... Many authors state in their works that ensuring food security is the most vital national priority for all countries of the world [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. ...
The present paper focuses on key problems and specifics of ensuring food security and on state of agro-industrial complexes in different countries of the world. The authors defined the main aspects of state support for agriculture in advanced foreign economies and specified the challenges of food security ensuring. Agriculture is such an industry that brings prosperity to those who can work efficiently and make right decisions under high uncertainty, which may imply unsteady weather conditions, market environment, various production risks. Successful development of agriculture requires the ability to forecast and prevent unfavorable situations. In all countries, the main objective of agricultural production is to fully meet population’s demand for food using its own resources for manufacturing necessary food products. However, some countries do not have their own resources for agriculture, so they have to import finished products and raw materials for food production from other countries. For today, ensuring food security for all countries of the world is one of the most urgent problems of the mankind. Since the United Nations (the UN) was created, the international community has been paying close attention to the shortage of food. The issues of customs tariff regulation, plant and animal health care, administrative barriers – these are the priority tasks demanding systemic approaches, the fulfillment of which will stimulate the breakthrough inagriculture.
Analysis of the African countries food security demonstrate significant aggravation of the situation in several countries to the south of the Sahara. Conflicts, social inequality, high level of poverty against the background of a rapid population growth, unfavorable climatic conditions as well as ineffective government policy in the field of providing the population with foodstuff were determined as the main causes of population undernourishment. In Africa, due to low incomes of the population, most of the food ration consists of cereals and a small part of meat, fish and dairy products. It was revealed that African countries are the net importers of foodstuff, with cereals accounting for the largest part of imports. It was noted that international experts forecast foodstuff and fodder demand increase in these countries. It was defined the African region can potentially become one of the promising sales markets for Russian producers of grain crops and agricultural products. The results of the study are aimed at overcoming the problem of starvation, economic backwardness and improving the living standards of the African continent population, as well as developing an economic toolkit for the interaction of the Russian Federation with African countries.
In the article the need for state regulation of import substitution in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is founded upon the basis of food self-sufficiency call under conditions of sanctions. It is determined that when forming the mechanism of import substitution, an integrated approach is necessary, taking into account the peculiarities of the state development and the use of all types of potential. The existing trends in the functioning of the Russian Federation agricultural sector are noted. The main problem of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is revealed to be the lack of state support and funding, as well as the drawbacks of state regulation. It was revealed that, despite the identified positive tendencies in the development of the agro-industrial complex, with the purpose of stabilization it is necessary to upgrade the technical and technological spheres on the basis of an innovative approach to scientific and technological developments in all sectors of the agroindustrial complex. It was also pointed out to the fact in the sphere of food supply, an effective import substitution policy is possible provided that conditions for the development of Russian production of competitive food products are created. It is advisable to form import substitution on the basis of a closed production cycle within the state, in which producers are involved in supply and delivery chains directly to trading enterprises, and that requires improvements of the interaction system of all market actors. At the same time, producers are supposed to be able to significantly increase income, and consumers are supposed to have favorable food prices. A model of import substitution state regulation mechanism in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation on the basis of selfsufficiency need in food is proposed, which is a set of stages for the implementation of a certain sequence of actions where each of the twelve stages is specified. In the process of implementation of the proposed model significant advantages can be achieved in the economic, technical and organizational spheres of the agriculturalsector.
